#future circular collider

[therealuniverse]

In June, the European Physicists published their initial plan for the future - building a supercollider 4x the size of the Large Hadron Collider. The idea for these would be to understand what, if anything exists beyond what is included beyond the Standard Model, something that will be required to build a model for the universe that includes things currently missing from that model (i.e. Gravity). This video reviews the plans for the Future Circular Collider, and reviews whether or not it might actually step us beyond the current Standard Model.

[intelligentliving]

CERN Plans New 100km Future Circular Collider That Costs €20bn

CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is a research organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. It was established in 1954 and is based in Geneva on the Franco-Swiss border. The fascinating scientific work that it produces helps uncover the very core of what the...

[startswithabang]

Why Physics Needs, And Deserves, A Post-LHC Collider

“If what we observe and measure is identical to what the Standard Model predicts, then we haven't found anything new. So far, that's what the LHC has revealed: particles that behave in perfect accord with the Standard Model.

But there might be new particles out there. There might be new physics, new forces, new interactions, new couplings, or any slew of exotic scenarios. Some of them are scenarios we haven't even yet envisioned, but the dream of particle physics is that new data will lead the way. As we peel back the veil of our cosmic ignorance; as we probe the energy frontiers; as we produce more and more events, we start obtaining data like we've never had before.”

There are some big differences between theorists and experimentalists. Theorists look at the big picture, come up with their preferred hypotheses and ideas, and work to create a consistent, predictive framework that provide possible signatures of what might extend our knowledge of the Universe. But experimentalists have, as their main goal, to gather more data and probe what is currently unknown. Both work hard to extend our knowledge of the Universe, but experimental results are useful and interesting in their own right, regardless of what truths they do or do not reveal. To some, the LHC’s results, discovering a Standard Model Higgs, and nothing else new, have led to a nightmare scenario. 

But the real nightmare would be if we didn’t ask the Universe the next set of questions that a future collider experiment could answer. Learn what could come next today!

[therealuniverse]

CERN takes step towards next-generation supercollider CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, built and operates the current Large Hadron Collider, a 27 kilometer underground loop that crosses the border between France and Switzerland. That project was created to test modern physics and in particular to search for the last unknown particle at the time – the Higgs Boson. In that giant ring, particles are accelerated close to the speed of light and smashed together at high energies, creating conditions where physical properties can be measured unlike anywhere else in the (known) universe.

Last week, CERN took a step towards building the next-generation of these particle colliders. While it doesn’t have an official name beyond “Future Circular Collider”, CERN’s leadership council unanimously approved a plan to begin development of this project. As seen in this image, the general idea is a 100 kilometer ring, built in association with the current CERN complex. This setup would allow even higher energies to be generated than are possible in the LHC, first being collide electrons and their antimatter pair positrons at such high energies that they would be able to more fully study the Higgs Boson. The system would later be altered to fire protons at almost 6 times the energy of the current LHC, enabling a search for new physics beyond what the LHC can characterize. Approving it, of course, may be the easy part. The approval is a unanimous statement by CERN’s leadership about what the next scientific step should be. The estimated cost though is €21 billion, about 7 times the cost of the LHC. If approved and funded, CERN’s plan would have them breaking ground on the facility in 2038, with it being fully operational by the middle of the century. -JBB Image credit: https://cds.cern.ch/images/OPEN-PHO-ACCEL-2019-001-2 Reference: https://home.cern/science/accelerators/future-circular-collider https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01866-9

[startswithabang]

The Simple Case For Why Physics Needs A Particle Collider Beyond The LHC

“But how can you compare the cost of a new collider to the cost to humanity of not even trying to comprehend the great unknowns before us? There may come a day where we give up on what science can teach us, but today is not that day. So long as there's a frontier to push in terms of energy, precision, or the amount of data we can collect, it is our duty as a curious species to push those boundaries as far as we possibly can.

The brute force approach isn't the only one we should take, of course, just as surely as astronomers don't invest everything in building a single telescope with as much light-gathering power as possible. But to abandon it now, after it's taken us so far, would be the worst mistake we could make.

The low-hanging fruit may be gone, and we don't know what may be up there in the tree-tops. We can build a cherry-picker good enough to take us there. Don't you want a chance to taste the sweetest fruit of all?”

Do you want to know what lies beyond the Standard Model? To have a chance at peering beyond the current frontier that’s limiting our understanding of all that exists in the Universe? Or is it simply time to state that we know what we know, and there’s no point in looking further?

There’s a lot to unpack, but there’s a simple case to be made for building a new particle collider beyond the LHC. I’m not ready to give up yet; are you?

[livequrious]

A New Dawn for Discovery: The $17 Billion Collider Seeking the Universe's Dark Secrets

Ninety five percent of our universe is a complete mystery. Everything we can see, from the dust on our shoes to the most distant stars, makes up a mere five percent of the cosmos. The rest is an invisible, enigmatic substance and energy that scientists have named dark matter and dark energy. Dark matter acts as a cosmic glue, its immense gravity holding galaxies together, while dark energy is a…

A New Dawn for Discovery: The $17 Billion Collider Seeking the Universe's Dark Secrets

[pavel-nosok]

10 Years After the Higgs Boson, What's the Next Big Thing for Physics?

10 Years After the Higgs Boson, What’s the Next Big Thing for Physics?

On July 4, 2012, scientists at CERN confirmed the observation of the Higgs boson, an elementary particle first proposed in the 1960s. The boson’s discovery was a momentous occasion, as it meant physicists were a step closer to probing the field associated with the boson, which gives particles mass. Read more…

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[a-typical]

Another possibility is that the photino ( the supersymmetric partner of the photon. The photino is stable, has mass, is invisible, and has no charge, which fits precisely the characteristics of dark matter) may be produced by the next generation of particle accelerators being discussed.

The Japanese are considering funding the International Linear Collider, which would shoot a beam of electrons down a straight tube, until it strikes a beam of anti-electrons. If approved, the device would be built in twelve years. The advantage of a collider like this is that it uses electrons rather than protons. Because protons consist of three quarks held together by gluons, the collision between protons is very messy, with an avalanche of extraneous particles being created. The electron, by contrast, is a single elementary particle, so the collision with an anti-electron is much cleaner and requires much less energy. As a result, at only 250 billion electron volts, it should be able to create Higgs bosons.

The Chinese have also expressed interest in building the Circular Electron Positron Collider. Work would begin around 2022, and it might be finished around 2030, at a cost of $5 to $6 billion. It would reach an energy of 240 billion electron volts and would be 100 kilometers around.

Not to be outdone, the physicists at CERN are planning the successor to the LHC, called the Future Circular Collider (FCC). It would eventually reach an astounding 100 trillion electron volts. It would also be about 100 kilometers around.

It is not clear if these accelerators will ever be built, but it does mean there is hope for finding dark matter in the next generation of accelerators beyond the LHC. If we discover particles of dark matter, they can then be compared against the predictions of string theory.

Another prediction of string theory that might be verified by these accelerators is the presence of mini black holes. Since string theory is a theory of everything, it includes gravity as well as subatomic particles, so physicists expect to find tiny black holes in the accelerator. (These mini black holes, unlike stellar black holes, are harmless and have the energy of tiny subatomic particles, not the energy of dying stars. In fact, the Earth is bombarded by cosmic rays much more powerful than any that can be produced by these accelerators, without any harmful effects.)

The God Equation: The Quest for a Theory of Everything by Michio Kaku