I haven't quite decided which way to go yet, so what are your thoughts on splitting novels into parts as well as chapters? Do you have any advice on where and why to make the splits? Thanks! :)
I have a post [HERE] about what chapters are and how they are used to divide a story, and I have a post [HERE] about why you may or may not worry about chapter divisions during a first draft.
As to splitting novels into ‘parts’, this is something that often signifies that the story shifts radically in the way it is being told. Often it means there is a change of POV, a shift in time, or place, or an alternate view of events. Sometimes the one story begins in one place, a discrete narrative arc is resolved, and then the story, still unfinished, continues from a point slightly removed from the events of the first narrative arc.
I’ll do a little example of the way a story could be broken up into discrete arcs using differentiated ‘parts’ within the novel:
We’ll do a story about a person searching for meaning in their own personal history.
Our protagonist begins life in an orphanage, life is rough, and she has many frightening and difficult things to deal with. She is preoccupied with the question of who her parents were and why they left her, and spends a good deal of this narrative arc avoiding bullies, among both the other children, and the staff. She develops a fear of the basement storage area, and part one culminates in her being frightened by a monster in the basement.
As an adult, our protagonist is trying to live her best ‘normal’ life. She is dating, and she has a good job, she works hard and has friends, though she is often anxious that something will go wrong and she’ll slip back into the kind of poverty that she experienced after her rough start in life. Nonetheless, she decides she must confront the things from her past that haunt her, and she returns to the (now abandoned) orphanage, to try and piece together the strange memories she has, and find any evidence that might lead her to finding her long lost family.
With the building long empty, there is little to discover except a few scraps of documents which were somehow overlooked, and the character wanders the halls, recalling her childhood and remembering details of some of the things she wishes to learn more about. She finds a clue as to where she should continue her search.
The hunt progresses, as our protagonist digs deeper and deeper into the murky depths of her past, she begins to let things slip in her life. Her friends find it difficult to reach her, and even her work colleagues notice that something is going on. She spends her weekends tracking down former orphanage employees and speaking to those who agree to meet her, she takes sick days to further her investigation, she misses events that are important to her, as she is consumed by her search.
As she searches, more frightening memories surface, and she needs to find out for herself if the monsters that she remembers now, were real. Her ‘normal’ life is on the brink of crisis, and she is desperate and haunted and just as it seems that she will sacrifice everything in a fruitless endeavour, she discovers a disturbing truth that shifts our perspective and understanding of the horrors she experienced in childhood.
In this example, the three parts demark shifts in narrative direction, the atmosphere of each will have a slightly different feeling, the protagonist’s focus will be concentrated on different things, and the world around the protagonist will be shown through different lenses.
I read a book recently called Niceville by Carsten Stroud, which combines a magical realist/ ghost story narrative with a straight criminal investigation narrative, as well as a heist story. It has five parts, as well as chapters, and each part covers a discrete time period of interconnected events from the various narratives that are ongoing.
The first part details a child disappearance, and the investigation which one of the protagonists undertakes.
The second part begins one year later, in the midst of a bank heist.
The successive two parts detail the weekend, over the course of which all of the narrative threads weave together and are largely resolved.
The final part wraps up the plot elements that were left dangling and details how some previously unresolved plot points have now become relevant and understood.
This novel handled the parts in a very interesting way, as each one began as though it was kicking off a new story, and then delved back into how the events occurring were linked to events from the previous parts. It really helped developed the thematic elements of the novel concerning the interconnectedness of small town life, and the way that historical family secrets have a way of unearthing themselves.
Like chapters, parts are a method of marking shifts within the narrative, and of indicating that certain narrative elements are being ‘wrapped up’ and that the story will change gears and move on. It can be used to mark a time skip, POV shift, and many other things besides.