#lesson 7

[mastery-japanese]

Lesson 7: Purpose of Movement

Go to Eat

Go ➜ [Movement (verb)]

to Eat ➜ [Purpose of Movement(verb)]

Come to Buy

Come ➜ [Movement (verb)]

to Buy ➜ [Purpose of Movement (verb)]

Return to see

Return ➜ [Movement (verb)]

to See ➜ [Purpose of Movement (verb)]

How does this grammar structure looks in Japanese? :

[Purpose of Movement (verb-stem)] に [Movement (verb)]

The に particle is called the ‘Purpose of Movement Particle’. The Purpose of Movement Verb will be in the Verb-stem form:

食べる 【たべる】 ➜ to eat ➜ 食べ 【食べ】

飼う 【かう】 ➜ to buy ➜ 買い 【かい】

見る 【みる】 ➜ to see ➜ 見 【み】

(In case you don’t know how to form the verb-stem: Google is your friend).

Our English examples from above in Japanese will look like this:

Go to eat ➜ 食べに行きます

Come to buy ➜ 買いに来ます

Return to see ➜ 見に帰ります

Now we will add an ‘object’ to the Purpose of Movement to make it more clear what the purpose of movement is:

Go to eat fish ➜ 魚を食べに行きます

Come to buy an umbrella ➜ 傘を買いに来ます

Return to see a movie ➜ 映画を見に帰ります

It’s still unknown to what destination the movement will take place:

Destination に

In this case the に particle is the destination of movement particle.

Go to the restaurant to eat fish ➜

レストランに魚を食べに行きます ➜ レストランにさかなをたべにいきます

Come to the shop to buy an umbrella ➜

店に傘を買いに来ま ➜ みせにかさをかいにきます

Return home to see a movie ➜

家に映画を見に帰りま ➜ いえにえいがをみにかえります

We are still missing the topic, so let’s add it:

I go to the restaurant to eat fish ➜

私はレストランに魚を食べに行きます ➜

わたしはレストランにさかなをたべにいきます

He comes to the shop to buy an umbrella ➜

彼は店に傘を買いに来ます ➜ かれはみせにかさをかいにきます

She returns home to see a movie ➜

彼女は家に映画を見に帰ります ➜ かのじょは いえにえいがをみにかえります

[charlies-agere]

Now You Know How I Feel About You Asmo ❤❤❤

[fearlesslyswift13]

“We have to live bravely in order to truly feel alive, & that means not being ruled by our greatest fears” in other words, LIVE LIFE FEARLESS 💕

The idea of being FEARLESS has helped me learn that anxiety doesn’t have to rule my life & that my fears are something I can put aside in order to truly live my life. Taylor has taught me that time and time again, and saved me from myself more times then I can count.

Thanks Taylor! 💕

@taylorswift @taylornation

[danishwithemi]

Lesson 7 - The verb “to be” (at være)

Time to learn your (possibly) first essential verb! Namely, the verb “to be” which translates to “at være” in Danish. Let’s have a look at how it is conjugated in present tense:

To be able to see tables and get the best experience of this lesson, please open the lesson on danishwithemi.tumblr.com/post/182868689104/lesson7

To be (present tense)

At være To be Jeg er I am Du er You are Han/hun/den/det er He/she/it is Vi er We are I er You are De er They are

“At være” in present tense becomes “er” and you may have noticed that, unlike English, the conjugation is the same across all personal pronouns. The same applies for all verbs in Danish. In other words; the conjugation of a verb is the same for all personal pronouns.

Example sentences (professions)

Jeg er student = I am a student

Du er tømrer = You are a carpenter

Han er læge = He is a doctor

Hun er advokat = She is a lawyer

Vi er modeller = We are models

I er betjente = You are officers

De er sygeplejersker = They are nurses

Note: When talking about professions the “en” or “et” can be omitted. You can put “en” or “et” there and it will still sound natural.

To be (past tense)

The following table is the verb “to be” in past tense.

At være To be Jeg var I was Du var You were Han/hun/den/det var He/she/it was Vi var We were I var You were De var They were

Example sentences (professions)

Jeg var designer = I was a designer

Du var sekretær = You were a secretary

Han var maler = He was a painter

Hun var kunstner = She was an artist

Vi var håndværkere = We were craftsmen

I var lærere = You were teachers

De var frisører = They were hairdressers

Other examples

Jeg er 27 år gammel = I am 27 years old

Du er 18 år gammel = You are 18 years gammel

Han er sulten = He is hungry

De er søde = They are cute

I var gamle = You were old

Hun var sur = She was angry

If you have any questions or feedback feel free to submit a question/feedback at danishwithemi.tumblr.com/ask and I will answer as soon as possible.

[spiderpanic]

7. Be reflective if you must be armed.

If you carry a weapon in public service, may God bless you and keep you. But know that evils of the past involved policemen and soldiers finding themselves, one day, doing irregular things. Be ready to say no.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authoritarian regimes usually include a special riot police force whose task is to disperse citizens who seek to protest, and a secret state police force whose assignments include the murder of dissenters or others designated as enemies. And indeed we find forces of the ladder kind deeply involved in the great atrocities of the 20th century, such as the Great terror in the Soviet Union of 1937-38 and the Holocaust of European Jews perpetrated by Nazi Germany in 1941-45. Yet we make a great mistake if we imagine that the Soviet NKVD or the Nazi SS acted without support. Without the assistance of regular police forces, and sometimes regular soldiers, they could not have killed on such a large scale.

In the Great Terror in the Soviet Union, NKVD officers recorded 682,691 executions of supposed enemies of the state, most of them peasants or members of national minorities. Perhaps no organ of violence has ever been more centralized or better organized than the NKVD of those years. A small number of men carried out the neck shots, which meant that certain NKVD officers had thousands of political murders on their consciences. Even so, they could not possibly have carried out this campaign without the assistance of local police forces, legal professionals, and civil servants throughout the Soviet Union. The Great Terror took place during a state of exception that required all policemen to subordinate themselves to the NKVD and its special tasks. The policemen were not the principal perpetrators, but they provided the indispensable manpower.

When we think of the Nazi Holocaust of the Jews, we imagine Auschwitz and mechanized impersonal death. This was a convenient way for Germans to remember the Holocaust, since they could claim that few of them had known exactly what had happened behind those gates. In fact, the Holocaust began not in the death facilities, but over shooting pits in Eastern Europe. And indeed some of the commanders of the Einsatzgruppen, The German task forces that perpetrated some of the murders, were tried at Nuremberg and later in West German courts. But even these trials were a kind of minimization of the scale of the crime. Not the SS commander's alone, but essentially all of the thousands of men who served under their command were murderers.

And this was just the beginning. Every large scale shooting action of the Holocaust (More than 33,000 Jews murdered outside Kyiv, More than 28,000 outside Riga, and on and on) involved the regular German police. All in all regular policemen murdered more Jews than the Einsatzgruppen. Many of them had no special preparation for this task. They found themselves in an unknown land, they had their orders, and they did not want to look weak. In the rare cases when they refused these orders to murder Jews, policemen were not punished.

Some killed from murderous conviction. But many others who killed were just afraid to stand out. Other forces were at work besides conformism. But without the conformists, the great atrocities would have been impossible.

-On Tyranny (Timothy Snyder)

[kitsunenonihongo]

Basics 2 part 2

Vocabulary:　Tango:　たんご：　単語

You:　Anata：　あなた ＊ Anta:　あんた (less formal) ＊ Kimi:　きみ：　君 (Probably should only use with friends and family if that) ＊ Omae:　おまえ：　お前 (this is rude)

Are:　Desu:　です

Milk:　Gyuunyuu：　ぎゅうにゅう：　牛乳 ＊ Miruku:　ミルク (this is becoming somewhat common)

Sandwich:　Sandoicchi:　サンドイッチ Sando:　サンド (when attached to a specific type of sandwich)

Rice:　Gohan:　ごはん：　ご飯 (cooked rice) ((you may also know this as "lunch")) ＊ kome:　こめ：　米 (uncooked rice) ＊ Okome:　おこめ：　お米 (uncooked rice)

They:　Karera:　かれら：　彼ら

Child:　Kodomo:　こども：　子供

Sentences

They read a newspaper. Karera wa shinbun o yomimasu. かれら　は　しんぶん　を　よみます。 彼らは新聞を読みます。

You read a newspaper. Anata wa shinbun o yomimasu. あなた　は　しんぶん　を　よみます。 あなたは新聞をよみます。

We are boys. Watashitachi wa otokonoko desu. わたしたち　は　おとこのこ　です。 私たちは男の子です。

The woman eats a sandwich. Sono onna wa sandoicchi o tabemasu. その　おんな　は　サンドイッチ　を　たべます。 その女はサンドイッチを食べます。

We drink milk. Watashitachi wa gyuunyuu o nomimasu. わたしたち　は　ぎゅうにゅう　を　のみます。 私たちは牛乳を飲みます。

The child eats rice. Sono kodomo wa gohan o tabemasu. その　こども　は　ごはん　を　たべます。 その子供はご飯を食べます。

She drinks milk. Kanojo wa gyuunyuu o nomimasu. かのじょ　は　ぎゅうにゅう　を　のみます。 彼女は牛乳を飲みます。

I eat a sandwich. Watashi wa sandoicchi o tabemasu. わたし　は　サンドイッチ　を　たべます。 私はサンドイッチを食べます。

The boys eat rice. Sono otokonoko wa gohan o tabemasu. その　おとこのこ　は　ごはん　を　たべます。 その男の子はご飯を食べます

That's it for this lesson! Hope you all have a good weekend!

[proprogressgress]

[proprogressgress]