#lexical analysis

[name204act]

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[dakrolak]

(via Gil Scott-Heron’s old-fashioned Ghetto Code)

[dakrolak]

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[dakrolak]

Children are to be offered lessons on how to speak English formally amid fears that many are suffering from “word poverty”, it has been reported. But how many words do people tend to know and use?

(via The words in the mental cupboard)

Something I’m pondering as I write this morning. 

[rokohiyo777-blog]

Elasticsearch significant terms score calculation

How Elasticsearch calculates the score for the significant terms aggregation and how it affects lexical analysis.

Elasticsearch

[fuckyeah-valarin]

Things We Probably Know About Valarin

As deduced from my going-through of that small lexicon the other day.

Phonological Inventory

Consonants

<p> [p] : <t> [t] : <c>, <k> [k] 

<b> [b] : <d> [d] : <g> [ɡ]

<m> [m] : <n> [n]

<þ> [þ] : <s> [s] : <š> [ʃ] : <h>, <x> [x]

<ð> [ð] : <z> [z] : <ʒ> [ʒ]

<r> [r] : <rr> [rː]

<l> [l] : <ll> [lː]

Vowels

<i> [i] : <ī>, <î> [iː]

<e> [e] : <ē>, <ê> [eː]

<æ> : [æ]

<a> [a] : <ā>, <â> [aː]

<o> [o] : <ō>, <ô> [oː]

<u> [u] : <ū>, <û> [uː]

<ai> [ai] or [aɪ]

Grammatical Notes

Names of Valar receive the honorific suffix <-z>

If two nouns are compounded, the resulting compound is head-initial. If a noun and an adjectival element are compounded, the resulting compound is head-final.

The adjective <tulukhan> 'yellow, golden' when compounded loses its final <-an>. It is unknown whether or not this pattern continues for other compounded adjectives.

The element <ai> may or may not signify a participle.

Analyzed Lexicon

<ašata> 'head of hair'

<aþâra> 'appointed'

<châr> 'mound'

<ezellô> 'green'

<hôze> 'honey'

<igas> 'heat'

<mirub> 'wine'

<oššai>, <ošošai> 'spuming, foaming'

<phelûn> 'dwelling'

<tulukhan> 'yellow, golden'

Unanalyzed Lexicon (including names)

<Aʒûlêz> 'Aulë'

<Arômêz> 'Oromë'

<Ibrîniðilpathânezel> 'the White Tree of Valinor'

<Mâchananaškad> 'Ring of Doom'

<Næxærra> 'Nahar'

<Phanaikelûth> 'moon' (lit. 'bright mirror')

<Tulukhedelgorûs> 'Golden Tree of Valinor'

<Ullubôz> 'Ulmo'

[fuckyeah-valarin]

Ullubōz

This is the Valarin name of the Vala Ulmo. 

[ulːuboːz]

There's not much for me to say about this word, except that it adds to my Valar honorofic -z hypothesis.

[fuckyeah-valarin]

Tulukhedelgorūs

This is the name of the other Tree of Valinor, the Gold one. 

[tulukxedelɡoruːs]

Though no gloss is given for this word, I can see that root. I seeee iiiit... It makes sense, anyway, to give the root <tulukhan> 'yellow' to a golden tree, especially when the same root was previously used to describe Tulkas' golden hair.

This name also makes something clear about the lenition involved in the creation of <Tulukhastâz>; the part of the <tulukhan> root that survives compounding is <tulukh>. The <an> is lenited when it joins with another word, thus we can conclude that in <Tulukhastâz> the ambiguous <a> is a result of <ašata>. It's possible that this rule could be extended to other forms of adjectival compounding, which bears investigation.