#mehmedii

[whencyclopedia]

The city of Constantinople, dedicated as the new imperial capital in 330 CE by Constantine I "the Great" (reign 306–337 CE), became one of the most strategically important cities of the medieval world. Controlling the Bosporus between Europe and Asia, it served as the political, economic, and religious center of the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. Between 626 and 1453 CE, successive powers, including the Avars, Sasanian Persians, Umayyad Caliphate, First Bulgarian Empire, Crusaders, and Ottoman Empire, attempted to capture the city. Its remarkable defensive record reflected not only its strategic location but also the strength of the Theodosian Walls, sophisticated naval defenses, effective logistics, and the empire's ability to combine military resistance with diplomacy.

[infamoushistory]

The Victory at the Siege of Belgrade: Hunyadi Stops the Ottoman Advance

On July 22, 1456, one of the most important battles in European history took place at the Siege of Belgrade. John Hunyadi, the powerful regent of the Kingdom of Hungary, led a Christian defense against the forces of Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire, the conqueror of Constantinople.

After weeks of fierce fighting, Hunyadi’s defenders successfully resisted the massive Ottoman assault. A surprise counterattack by Hungarian and allied forces broke the siege and forced Mehmed II to withdraw, halting the Ottoman expansion into Central Europe for a time.

The victory made John Hunyadi a legendary figure across Europe and became a symbol of resistance against Ottoman power. In recognition of the triumph, Pope Callixtus III ordered church bells to be rung daily, a tradition that continues in many places today.

[whencyclopedfr]

Empire de Trébizonde

L'Empire de Trébizonde (1204-1461) était une émanation de l'Empire byzantin, gouverné par la dynastie des Grands Comnènes, descendants des empereurs Comnènes. L'Empire de Trébizonde a été beaucoup moins étudié que l'Empire byzantin, sans parler de l'Empire romain, c'était pourtant le dernier véritable descendant survivant de ces empires. Célèbre pour son commerce lucratif et ses belles princesses, Trébizonde était à la frontière du monde médiéval, située sur la rive sud de la mer Noire, et entourée de puissants empires.

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[whencyclopedes]

Imperio de Trebisonda

El Imperio de Trebisonda fue un estado sucesor del Imperio bizantino que existió desde el año 1204 d.C. hasta el año 1461 d.C. La dinastía Megas Comnenos, que descendía de los emperadores Comnenos bizantinos, gobernó el imperio durante este periodo. El imperio de Trebisonda ha recibido poca atención de los historiadores en comparación con el Imperio bizantino y mucho menos que el romano a pesar de ser el último descendiente real de aquellos. Trebisonda se encontraba en la costa del sur del mar Negro, en los límites del mundo medieval. Allí, su comercio lucrativo y sus hermosas princesas le trajeron renombre.

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[warpicshistory]

🇹🇷 #onthisday in 1473 Sultan Mehmed II 'The Conqueror' leads an Ottoman army against the Aq Qoyunlu led by Uzun Hasan at the Battle of Otlukbeli. The Aq Qoyunlu was a tribal federation in present day eastern Turkey / nothern Iraq which had been a consistent supporter of the Byzantine Empire and therefor an enemy of the Ottomans. Mehmed brought the most advanced army in the world to the battle with firearms and cannon and utterly destroyed Uzun Hazan's army which was still using the common weapons and tactics of the era. #medieval #ottoman #ottomanempire #mehmedii #turkey #turkish #turks

[whencyclopedia]

The Ottoman Sultanate (1299-1922 as an empire; 1922-1924 as caliphate only), also referred to as the Ottoman Empire, written in Turkish as Osmanlı Devleti, was a Turkic imperial state that was conceived by and named after Osman (l. 1258-1326), an Anatolian chieftain. At its peak in the 16th and 17th centuries, the empire controlled vast stretches including Anatolia, southwestern Europe, mainland Greece, the Balkans, parts of northern Iraq, Azerbaijan, Syria, Palestine, parts of the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt, and parts of the North African strip, in addition to the major Mediterranean islands of Rhodes, Cyprus, and Crete. Renowned the strongest military superpower of its time, the empire stagnated and faced prolonged decline from the late 16th century CE onwards until it was replaced by the modern Republic of Turkey after the First World War (1914-1918).

[whencyclopedia]

Europe Before the Fall of Constantinople, c. 1450

A map illustrating the political situation in Europe, East Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa around 1450, just before the fall of Constantinople, the expansion of the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II, the Conqueror, and the transformation of the Grand Duchy of Moscow into the Russian Empire under Ivan III, the Great.

[whencyclopedia]

Rumelihisarı

Ottoman fortress Rumelihisarı, Istanbul, built by Mehmed II (1432-1481 CE), Sultan of the Ottoman empire, in 1452 CE.