Microvember 27: The human microbiome is largely dominated by bacteria, but many species of fungi also live in there. Some can cause infections when they grow out of control, but most of the time they live harmlessly (or even symbiotically) with us.
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Microvember 27: The human microbiome is largely dominated by bacteria, but many species of fungi also live in there. Some can cause infections when they grow out of control, but most of the time they live harmlessly (or even symbiotically) with us.
Microbiome et Mycobiome
Lorsque c’est Thierry Casasnovas qui vous en parle, c’est un gourou sectaire dangereux ; lorsqu’il s’agit de Nation Géographic qui vous promet des thérapies ciblées sur les symptômes et basées sur les mêmes connaissances du vivant, cela passe comme une lettre à la poste.
« Il arrive toutefois que ces populations microbiennes échappent à tout contrôle et lorsque certains champignons s'emparent du microbiote, ils peuvent provoquer des dégâts. Comme nous l'explique Ghannoum, champignons et bactéries peuvent former une “plaque” digestive dense connue sous le nom de biofilm qui résiste aux antibiotiques et forme une barrière visant à empêcher l'organisme d'absorber des nutriments. Cet état d'instabilité microbienne est connu sous le nom de dysbiose. Il peut être provoqué par un traitement à base d'antifongiques ou d'antibiotiques à spectre large, ou plus simplement par une mauvaise alimentation. Les scientifiques ont associé cet état à de nombreuses maladies, et pas uniquement à des maladies intestinales. […]
Le mycobiote pourrait également être un composant essentiel de l'axe intestin-cerveau, le canal de communication à double sens établi entre les deux organes. Certains travaux ont montré que les individus autistes présentaient un mycobiote différent de la flore intestinale fongique des sujets non autistes [1]. En dehors des intestins, les déséquilibres fongiques sont également liés à des maladies respiratoires comme l'asthme et la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive, ainsi qu'à diverses affections cutanées. […]
Le véritable “Saint-Graal”, selon la scientifique, serait de mettre à profit le mycobiote pour soigner des maladies. Et la science est déjà à pied d'œuvre. Des chercheurs tentent actuellement de développer des médicaments ou des compléments alimentaires qui permettraient de réinstaurer l'équilibre du microbiote, champignons inclus. D'après les résultats récemment publiés par Ghannoum, les compléments alimentaires conçus pour dégrader les biofilms fongiques et bactériens tout en rééquilibrant l'intestin pourraient potentiellement atténuer les symptômes gastro-intestinaux. “Ce n'est que le début,” précise Ghannoum. […]
Pour les personnes en bonne santé, les experts affirment à l'unisson que la meilleure façon d'entretenir son mycobiote et son microbiote est d'adopter une alimentation variée, riche en fruits et en légumes fibreux, de faire de l'exercice et de gérer son stress. À l'inverse, la consommation d'alcool, le tabagisme et les régimes riches en sucres et en sel transformés risquent de perturber le mycobiote, ajoute Ghannoum. »
‣ Natalia Mesa (National Geographic), « Derrière votre microbiote se cache un autre biote tout aussi important », pub. 6 déc. 2023, https://www.nationalgeographic.fr/video/sciences/lhistoire-des-croisieres-dune-idee-novatrice-a-une-escalade-de-la-demesure (cons. 21 jan. 2024) – « Cet article a initialement paru sur le site nationalgeographic.com en langue anglaise. » — Ill. : National Geographic, « C. albicans à l'échelle cellulaire. Cette image a été obtenue par microscopie électronique à balayage, une technique qui utilise un faisceau d'électrons au lieu de la lumière pour immortaliser un spécimen scientifique. Des couleurs réalistes peuvent ensuite être ajoutées en s'appuyant sur les observations au microscope optique. », https://static.nationalgeographic.fr/files/styles/image_3200/public/20231113-candida_019_final.webp?w=760&h=507 (cons. 21 jan. 2024).
— [1] ndr : Mais à part ça, le Dr Andrew Wakefield qui fut l’un des pionniers en la matière continue d’être (dys)qualifié de charlatan par les médias suite au fait qu’il a pointé du doigt le vaccin ROR dans les cas d’enfants devenus subitement autistes dont les mères lui ont confié la santé. Le Dr Wakefield avait simplement suggéré lors d’une entrevue avec les médias de revenir aux vaccins monovalents dans l’attente d’études complémentaires ; or, les fabricants du ROR avaient une feuille de route financière, poussant un vaccin multivalent car étant moins cher à produire, donc plus rentable, ce qui fait l’affaire des actionnaires. – V. Chaîne Youtube « luogocomune2 », « L'AFFAIRE WAKEFIELD: OÙ EST LA VRAIE FRAUDE? », pub. 22 mai 2019, https://youtu.be/Jx2IbPZXej8 (cons. 24 mai 2019) – On peut encore lire sur sa page Wikipedia : « Andrew Jeremy Wakefield est un ancien chirurgien britannique et chercheur en médecine connu pour avoir publié une étude frauduleuse dans The Lancet en 1998. Il est radié de l'Ordre des médecins en 2010. », https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Wakefield (cons. 21 jan. 2024). En outre, le Pr Didier Raoult suit le même chemin de dénigrement médiatique.
Ill. : Encart Wikipedia à propos du Dr Andrew Wakefield, https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Wakefield (cons. 21 jan. 2024).
Supporting Your Mycobiome, Microbiome, and Digestive Health Supported by... https://mblogs.info/supporting-your-mycobiome-microbiome-and-digestive-health/?feed_id=11614&_unique_id=60d8cd8f0350f #Digestive #Health #Microbiome #Mycobiome #Supporting #fashion #food #lifestyle #tech #politics #business #travel #animals #celebrities #vip #hollywood
The gut mycobiome influences the metabolism of processed foods
The gut mycobiome influences the metabolism of processed foods
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain Studies of the microbiome in the human gut focus mainly on bacteria. Other microbes that are also present in the gut—viruses, protists, archaea and fungi—have been largely overlooked. New research in mice now points to a significant role for fungi in the intestine—the communities of molds and yeasts known as the mycobiome—that are the active interface between…
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Thousands of New Microbial Communities Identified in Largest Microbiome Study To-Date
The more we study the role of the microbiome in disease, the more we realize that this is just the tip of the iceberg. There is so much more to learn!
A new study published in the prominent journal Nature shows that we are actively progressing in the right direction. This new research expands our knowledge of the specific genes, microbial communities (families of bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and changes in the microbiome over time.
The study is the expanded second phase of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Human Microbiome Project and was a collaboration between the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and the University of California – San Diego. It is the largest microbiome analysis to-date.
The research teams analyzed 1,635 samples from 265 different people over time in order to determine which bugs were present and how they changed over time. They also began to unravel the roles of different fungi and viruses in the gut – which are both proving to play important roles in health and disease.
The samples were taken from the human gut, skin, oral and vaginal microbiomes. While the role of the gut microbiome has been firmly established in health and disease, it’s increasingly evident microbes inhabiting the other areas of our bodies (mouth, skin etc.) are crucial for preventing diseases like psoriasis, acne and rheumatoid arthritis.
The findings:
One of the largest profiles of non-bacterial (viruses and fungi) members of the microbiome
Identified specific types of microbes at each body site
Profiled the biochemical activity that allows microbes to maintain human health
Identified how the microbiome changes over time
Much like sequencing the human genome, this new study shows that we still have a lot to learn, but it provides a huge new resource for scientists to help drive microbiome research.
Illustration Photo: Schematic representation of the agriculture systems showing some characteristics and the different plant-soil compartments (credits: Marcela Claudia Pagano, Eduardo J. Azevedo Correa, Neimar F. Duarte, Bakhytzhan Yelikbayev, Anthonia O’Donovan and Vijai Kumar Gupta )
Advances in Eco-Efficient Agriculture: The Plant-Soil Mycobiome
Authors: Marcela Claudia Pagano, Eduardo J. Azevedo Correa, Neimar F. Duarte, Bakhytzhan Yelikbayev, Anthonia O’Donovan and Vijai Kumar Gupta
Journal Title: Agriculture
ISSN: 2077-0472 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
In order to achieve a desirable ecological and sustainable agriculture a thorough understanding of the plant-soil mycobiome is imperative. Commercial industrial agriculture alters greenhouse gas emissions, promotes loss of plant and soil biodiversity, increases pollution by raising atmospheric CO2, and releases pesticides, thus affecting both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Diversified farming systems, including perennial cultivated pastures, are among worldwide strategies that aim to reduce terrestrial greenhouse gas emissions and deal with threats to global sustainability. Additionally, stimulation of soil microbes and appropriate soil management can influence soil interactions as well as the rates of organic matter decomposition and the release of gases. Agricultural soil microbial communities play a central role in ecosystem processes and are affected by biocontrol agents, biofertilizers, and exposure to pesticides, the extent to which is yet to be fully elucidated. Intercropping different plant species is beneficial, as this can increase carbon fixation by plants, transferring carbon to the soil, especially via mycorrhizas, thus modifying interplant interactions. This review focuses on agro-ecosystems, showing the latest advances in the plant-soil interface (the mycobiome) for an eco-efficient agricultural production.
Check more https://adalidda.com/posts/mb8fpSxqT3Wf8BakQ/advances-in-eco-efficient-agriculture-the-plant-soil
The Human Body's Complicated Relationship With Fungi
Case Western Reserve medical mycologist Mahmoud Ghannoum first coined the term mycobiome. "Back around 2008, I was attending meetings and noticed people were really starting to talk about the microbiome," he recalls, "But for the most part they were only talking about bacteria, not the fungus and viruses that also comprise our biome. I thought to myself that we should also start looking at fungal communities."
In 2010 Ghannoum's group published a study in PLoS Pathogens that for the first time used advanced genetic sequencing technology to characterize what constitutes a normal mycobiome in the human mouth. The idea was to establish a baseline fungal profile to which altered fungal populations in disease could be compared. Whereas previous research reported a relatively limited number of fungal species in our oral cavities — primarily Candida, which when overgrown causes thrush – Ghannoum and his colleagues identified a veritable zoo of fungal colonists in the mouths of the 20 study participants.
"We're in a stage where we're recognizing the biological significance of the fungi in our systems to help develop a common language and set of research approaches," Underhill says. "Soon, hopefully, we'll know how they can be good for us, bad for us and manipulated to our benefit."
(Top left to right) Cladosporium werneckii, Aspergillus fumigates and Aspergillus fumigateurs. (Bottom left to right) Sepedonium, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Fungi Within Diverse fungal species live in and on the human body
by The Scientist
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