5-factor model of personality
Openness - people with high scores of openness tend to be intellectually curious, open to experience, and sensitive to beauty - people with low scores of openness tend to be conventional thinkers who prefer straightforward answers, and regard arts/sciences with suspicion
Conscientiousness - high scorers tend to be self-disciplined, organised, and motivated to achieve their personal goals - low scorers tend to be impulsive, careless, and undependable
Extroversion - high scorers: sociable, talkative, and enthusiastic - low scorers: quiet, reserved, prefer time alone
Agreeableness - high scorers: trusting, cooperative, helpful - low scorers: suspicious, argumentative, uncooperative
Neuroticism - high scorers: insecure, easily upset, anxious, moody - low scorers: laid back, easygoing, emotionally stable
CRITICISMS OF THE BIG-FIVE MODEL
underestimates how behaviour varies depending on situation ex: a person can be extrovert in a setting where they feel comfortable, and very reserved in a place where they are uncomfortable
does a good job of describing personality, but not why people develop personality traits
neglects key personality traits like religiousness, manipulativeness, or sense of humour