In a society where weakened labor markets can’t provide jobs for university graduates and rapidly advancing technology threatens to make traditional classrooms obsolete, questions about the future of education must be addressed. On the final day of the 15th Annual World Knowledge Forum, a politician, an economics professor, and a technology innovator came together to share their perspectives on the need to revitalize the global education system.
Carl Bildt, the former Prime Minister of Sweden, identified the growing importance of education for governments around the world.
“Education has always been an important topic,” he said, “but it has moved up the ranks of policy priority in the last few decades. It now probably ranks number two, right behind economy at number one.”
The panelists opened the discussion with their thoughts on problems with the current education system. According to professor of George Mason University and world-renowned economist Tyler Cowen, one of the key issues stems from the lack of available jobs for college graduates.
“The fundamental problem is that the product universities are selling is worth less than it used to be,” he said.
For Charles Leadbeater, strategic innovation consultant and former advisor to Tony Blair, the ultimate problem is content, what schools are teaching their students, because the current system doesn’t properly prepare children for an environment valuing creativity and entrepreneurship.
“The future of education is not to push people into systems that don’t deliver good results for them and which are training them for jobs that don’t exist anymore or habits that don’t work anymore. The basic problem is that the current system teaches children to put aside what fires them up and instead teaches them to learn how to comply, perform, deliver, and get through,” he said.
Mr. Bildt also pointed to challenges arising from transformations in recent society, namely globalization and the prevalence of technology.
“In recent centuries, education was a national endeavor. Now it is to some extent global, but certainly it has become a trans-border thing, so now we have to deal with the issues of education in a multicultural environment,” he said.
He continued, “We now also have the issue of the digital gaming generation. It’s not easy to get students to sit down and write an essay, it’s difficult. But we also have the question, is that good or bad?”
After detailing the issues faced by the current education system, the panelists took turns explaining how the system might be improved. Mr. Leadbeater again emphasized the importance of changing educational content.
“What students are looking for is math education and also language that gives them access to the global economy. Then they want the skills to acquire entry level jobs, primarily technology skills. So I see a new core curriculum based on math, language, IT, and skills that increase employability,” he said.
Dr. Cowen believes the ability to retrain will allow people to have greater access to jobs and give them the flexibility to react to changes in the job market.
“More and more of the people working in Starbucks have PhDs and higher levels of education. We need to re-gear the system to teach these people how to retrain themselves,” he said.
Additionally, Dr. Cowen posited a new line of thinking to focus more on what students actually get out of their education and what they need to succeed in the future. One of the important benefits of education, he said, is mentoring.
“Education brings us to mentors and exposes us to role models, and we need to reengineer the system to make this more explicit,” he said.
Along the same lines, Mr. Leadbeater was adamant on the role of education in building character and providing valuable life skills to students.
“Education, in a rather old fashioned sense, should be teaching students how to self-govern and how to work together to find better solutions with other people. We need to take seriously the idea that education is about character, not just skills, but building character to be able to persist in the face of setbacks and respond in creative ways,” he said.
In response to the rise of education technology, the panelists expressed a more subdued opinion, explaining the real impact of technology will likely not be felt for another ten years or so. For Dr. Cowen, “the problem of education technology is getting students to give a damn.”
Mr. Bildt echoed these thoughts, pointing to the job market as where the impact of technology will truly be felt.
The jobs with the most demand are not for people who can write essays, but those who can write code,” he said.
Mr. Leadbeater concluded the session with a strong appeal for change: “The point is that education is in danger of becoming a system unto itself, in which it sets its own standards and leaves both employers and students disappointed.”