#shadowcities

[forever3344]

鱼汤吧. Eating fish soup noodles with NoMilk at a bar celebrating a belated birthday. #nomilk #fishsoup #ryeandpintbrewery #shadowcities #manymoretocome (at No Milk) https://www.instagram.com/p/BwFQfcaB8bu/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=2g6is8e8gy3k

[forever3344]

Throwback. Always a wonderful time meeting up with you all! @saffyyx_ @tshufei @chaosrulers @hero_of_ages #thelabsg #bingsu #shadowcities #shadowcitiessingapore #sc #green #peas #animators #oj #architect #morethan5years

[shadow-cities]

The Problem

Over 1 billion people worldwide live in shadow cities (slums). India, having had rapid rural-to-urban migration, massive efforts for globalization, and increased urban poverty, has seen an incredible growth in their slums. Today, nearly 1 in 6 city dwellers live in conditions unfit for human habitation.[1]

According to the United Nations Human Settlement Program, a slum has at least one of the following characteristics:

- Inadequate access to safe water, sanitation and other infrastructure - Poor structural quality of housing - Overcrowding - Insecure residential status [2]

Asia's largest slum, Dharavi, lies on prime property right in the middle of India's financial capital, Mumbai. It is home to more than a million people. Many are second-generation residents, whose parents moved in years ago. It is a hive of workshops with an annual economic output estimated to be from $600 million to more than $1 billion. Dharavi, is a self created economic zone for the poor. It epitomizes the failure of policy makers to accommodate the millions of rural migrants searching for opportunity.

[1] Davis, Carlo. "India Slums: 1 In 6 Indian City Dwellers Live In Conditions 'Unfit For Human Habitation'" The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 22 May 2013. Web. 21 Feb. 2016. [2] Discussion Note - What Is a Slum? Issue brief. Kathmandu, Nepal: NGO Forum for Urban Water and Sanitation, NgoForum.net Web. 21 Feb. 2016. 

[shadow-cities]

"Many developing countries look to the west as a model but that cannot be the model. These [western] buildings use too much power and would not be affordable for us. In India the population has gone beyond all control and it is wrong to expect western development to help us."

Jackin Arputham - Founder of Slum Dwellers International

[shadow-cities]

Approximately one-third of the developing world's urban population lives in slums, accounting for close to one-quarter of the total global urban population"

World Health Organization