This tiny amulet represents the eye of Horus, known to Egyptologists as the wedjat eye. It is the smallest object on display in the BP exhibition Sunken cities: Egypt’s lost worlds. The wedjat eye is half human (the eye and brow), and half falcon (the vertical and spiral elements underneath). This is because it is closely associated with the god Horus, who could be shown as a falcon or falcon-headed man.
Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris. After his uncle Seth had brutally murdered his father Osiris, Horus spent his childhood hiding from his evil uncle in the marshlands of the Nile delta. When he had gained enough strength to claim his right to the throne, he confronted and defeated Seth in a battle that left one of his eyes injured. This eye was later restored by Thoth, the god of wisdom. When Horus recovered it, he offered it to his father Osiris hoping to bring him back to life. He replaced his own eye with the divine serpent, which since then served as an emblem of royalty.
Because of this, the eye of Horus was seen as a symbol of restoration, healing, sacrifice and protection. Amulets in the shape of the eye were very popular in ancient Egypt for thousands of years, from the Old Kingdom to Roman times.
See this beautiful object in the BP exhibition Sunken cities: Egypt’s lost worlds, opening 19 May 2016.
Gold wedjat eye. Thonis-Heracleion, 332–30 BC. National Museum, Alexandria. Photo: Christoph Gerigk. © Franck Goddio/Hilti Foundation.