Hello, anon. Opinions are divided on that front, we’ve had a big debate over that here at FHPOC a few months ago. You can find all of it in the #western discourse tag. That should answer in regards to Brazil, Chile and all of Latin America (which is part of the “western world” as per how it is taught in most parts of Latam).
Europe and the US seem to have a pretty convenient definition of the West that leaves out a big part of the world that was also influenced/colonised by Europeans and that is, thus, part of the Western World - that part, conveniently, is exclusively from the global south (aka “the thirld world”, an outdated term that is also used intercheangably with “underdeveloped countries”, but that originally meant “the part of the world that took no clear side on the Cold War”). Whether Japan and South Korea are part of it, you’d have to ask them, for the same reason that you’d have to ask latines about Brazil and Chile. However, to my knowledge the answer is “no, they are not western”. ~mod ara