Apr 10
Vindolanda Roman Writing Tablets, Vindolanda Roman Fort, Hadrian's Wall
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Vindolanda Roman Writing Tablets, Vindolanda Roman Fort, Hadrian's Wall
Clio, Muse of History
Artist: Charles Meynier (French, 1768–1832)
Date: 1800
Medium: Oil on canvas
Location: Castle of Wallenreid, Switzerland
Description
Clio, the Greek muse of history, is the daughter of Zeus and Titaness Mnemosyne, the goddess of memory. Clio is depicted here writing and surrounded by objects associated with preserving the memory of historical figures and events: busts, reliefs, and sculptures. This painting belongs to a cycle of works commissioned by businessman François Boyer-Fonfréde for his home in Toulouse.
Writing board, 2030BC-1981BC, from a tomb, Egypt.
▪︎Writing Tablet (Aide Mémoire).
Date: ca. 1760-1770
Place of origin: England
Medium: Gold, agate, gold-mounted pencils, ivory writing tablets, mirror, manicure set.
Calliope, Muse of Epic Poetry
Artist: Charles Meynier (French, 1768-1832)
Date: 1798
Medium: Oil on canvas
Location: Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Description
In Greek mythology, Calliope is the muse of epic poetry, eloquence, music, song, and dance. She is the eldest of the nine muses, the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, and is often depicted as their leader. Calliope is known for inspiring great poets throughout history, including Homer, Virgil, Ovid, and Dante Alighieri, and was often called upon for help when they were writing. She is also said to have given the gift of eloquence to kings and princes.
Calliope's name literally means "beautiful-voiced" and she is often depicted in art carrying a writing tablet and stylus, or with a lyre. She is also sometimes depicted with grapes, an aulos (an ancient Greek musical instrument), or panpipes, which may refer to her role as an agricultural goddess.
Calliope is also said to have been the mother of Orpheus, the most famous musician in Greek mythology. In some accounts, she is the daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne, and has siblings including Euterpe, Polyhymnia, Urania, Clio, Erato, Thalia, Terpsichore, and Melpomene. She may also have had two sons with the god Apollo, Hymen and Ialemus, and may have been the mother of Rhesus, king of Thrace, or Linus, the inventor of melody and rhythm.
Calliope first appeared in Greek mythology around 700 BCE in Homer's The Iliad and continued to appear until around the ninth century.
Fragments of the Vindolanda Roman Written Wooden Tablets, Vindolanda Roman Fort, Hadrian's Wall, Northumberland, 19.9.20.
Writing tablet incised with the letters of the Etruscan alphabet, c.675-650 BCE. Ivory.
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