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A tale of two rivers

Born high up in the Garwhal and Kumaon Himalaya at Gomukh, The Ganges flows out of a glacier at the southern end of the abode of snows, and grows from tributaries to become one of the great rivers of India. Less well known is the existence of its twin, separated by the mountains of their joint birthplace, who goes off on a long journey, but later reunites with Ganga many miles away, after they both go a wandering through widely different lands.

The line of the main boundary thrust, marking where India is grinding into Eurasia, is clearly visible as the line of snow capped peaks across the top of the image. Beyond that, the barren deserts of the Tibetan Plateau, caught behind the rain shadow of the mountains, is interspersed with occasional lakes. The green area to the south receives nearly all the monsoon rains, with the high white mountains squeezing most of the remaining juice out of the moist monsoon air.

The subtle change of colour halfway up Tibet marks the Yarlung Tsampo suture zone, the major fault that marks the original junction point between the continents. Ganga's sibling, the Yarlung Tsampo, runs along it, being faintly visible as a brown line where the terranes meet. The twin rivers are born close together on opposite sides of the main thrust, one fed from monsoon rains and the other from snowmelt. The Ganges flows south out of the mountains, while the Yarlung flows Eastwards towards the Pacific. The rocks here include a line of ophiolites (bits of oceanic crust pushed onto the continents during the collision) that mark the death of the Tethys Ocean.

Immediately to the south of the snowy peaks, a dark green zone marks the monsoon catching foothills, with their dark green rhododendron forests. Had this image been taken in spring, a reddish band following the tree's altitude range might be visible. The Ganges flows though these and out over the northern Indian plains, where it has fertilised Indian life since time immemorial. Indians have long viewed the river as a goddess, who falls on the mountains, and is tamed by Siva's dreadlocks (the foothills) into the myriad tributaries that follow parallel routes out of the peaks to swell her waters. Much of the river's journey across the plains is lost to sight behind a haze of pollution in this image, until the Assamese hills corral the fumes within the sub continent.

The Yarlung has a more adventurous journey, through the wilderness of Tibet, including the world's deepest (and still poorly explored) gorge. Other rivers born on the Plateau all flow into east Asia, the Yangtse into China, the Mekong into south east Asia, but the Yarlung met a highly resistant zone of metamorphic rock on its journey east, and turned back on itself, to eventually change its name as it leaves the mountains to flow southwards into Bangladesh, becoming the Brahmaputra. Here, the siblings are reunited, just south of the centre of the image (with the Ganges coming from the left), only to flow through the myriad channels of the ever shifting delta into the Bay of Bengal.

Here, small pieces of what were once sea bottom sediments in Tethys, that were thrust up and metamorphosed into the rocks forming the high peaks, and eroded by the monsoon rains and glaciers are dropped as the current slows into the Bay. The delta grows and shifts as each year's meltwater brings new sediments loads downstream, to emerge as brown plumes flowing into the bay's blue waters. Quite probably, they include particles of the same rocks, from either side of the great thrust, that have had very different journeys to the sea before meeting again.

Loz

Image credit: NASA

#ganges #geology #earth from space #himalalya #india #nepal #tsangpo suture #plate tectonics #the earth story #yarlung #river

Zedang, Tibet

沢当

#zedang #tsetang #valley #tibet #yarlung #samye #lomography #hil #blue #sky #film #photographers on tumblr #mandala

"Service à Banquet" de la Dynastie tibétaine Yarlung en or et turquoise (circa 600-800) à l'exposition inaugurale "Trésors de la Collection Al Thani" présentée à l'Hôtel de la Marine, Place de la Concorde, Paris, janvier 2022.

#expos #inspirations bijoux #deco #turquoise #Yarlung #AlThani #HotelMarine

Hızlı tren Tibet'in Yeni Demiryolunda Görücüye Çıktı Çin'in güneybatısındaki #Tibet Özerk Bölgesi'nin #Yarlung Zangbo #Nehri üzerinde #Lhasa-Nyingchi demiryolu üzerinde çalışan bir #Fuxing hızlı treni ilk seferini yaptı. 435 kilometre uzunluğa ve saatte 160 kilometre hıza sahip yeni tren, tek hatlı elektrikli demiryolu üzerinde çalışıyor. Çin tarafından bağımsız olarak geliştirilen Fuxing hızlı trenleri ilk kez Tibet'te yolcu taşıyıp, Çin anakarasının tüm eyalet düzeyindeki bölgelerinde faaliyet gösteriyor. China.org.cn, Xinhua’dan Purbu Zhaxi, Jigme Dorje ve Chogo’nun çektiği görseller eşliğinde konuyu haberleştirdi. @yonradyo @chinatoday @china.org.cn @turkcinkulturdernegi @turkogrencikulubu @cin.turkogrencibirligi @irfankarsli @semih_erken @kusakveyoldergisi @paradergisi @imaktas @beijingreview @visitchina @tugbayozkan @criturk @iucindilikulubu @criturkish @cinbaskonsoloslugu.ist @chinatodayphoto @chinatodayturkiye @tcddyht @xinhuanewsagency @lotusnews_ @azerbaycandemiryollari @tcddtasimacilik @tcddemiryollari @uabakanligi (Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti) https://www.instagram.com/p/CQllVlUqBfy/?utm_medium=tumblr

#tibet #yarlung #nehri #lhasa #fuxing