JUST THE THOUGHT OF HAVING TO STUDY FOR BOARDS AFTER THIS SEMESTER ENDS
Aqua Utopia|海の底で記憶を紡ぐ
Cosimo Galluzzi
styofa doing anything
ojovivo
Sade Olutola

Kaledo Art
todays bird

if i look back, i am lost

tannertan36

Kiana Khansmith
taylor price
Peter Solarz
"I'm Dorothy Gale from Kansas"
Today's Document

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Origami Around
Stranger Things
Alisa U Zemlji Chuda
dirt enthusiast

pixel skylines
seen from Chile
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seen from United States

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@thisfuturedpm
JUST THE THOUGHT OF HAVING TO STUDY FOR BOARDS AFTER THIS SEMESTER ENDS
Some of my favorite lecture slides & screenshots from readings this week.
The Nightly Show, September 24, 2015
This is so important. There has never been a war on drugs. It has always been a war on people from lower socioeconomic status.
Missing pharmacology… Never thought I’d say that.
Turn uppppp on a Friday night in pod school~~
Gait Problems!
“But for America’s health to be safeguarded, the wellbeing of America’s caretakers is going to have to start mattering to someone.”
“Yet physicians have to go along, constantly trying to improve their “productivity” and patient satisfaction scores—or risk losing their jobs. Industry leaders are fixated on patient satisfaction, despite the fact that high scores are correlated with worse outcomes andhigher costs. Indeed, trying to please whatever patient comes along destroys the integrity of our work. It’s a fact that doctors acquiesce to patient demands—for narcotics, X-rays, doctor’s notes—despite what survey advocates claim. And now that Medicare payments will be tied to patient satisfaction—this problem will get worse. Doctors need to have the ability to say no. If not, when patients go to see the doctor, they won’t actually have a physician—they’ll have a hostage.”
BugsFeed: 7 bad ass organisms that can survive intracellularly in immune cells
1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Stops fusion!
Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes macrophages for its replication! (It uses the usual killer to expand it’s army :O ) How does tuberculosis bacilli survive in macrophages? M. tuberculosis has evolved a number of very effective survival strategies - It inhibits phagosome-lysosome fusion and inhibits phagosome acidification ensuring it’s survival inside the macrophage.
2. Brucella - Has chains, like Bruce Lee.
Brucella has a LPS O-chain. It ensures the Brucella containing vacuole (BCV) avoids fusion with lysosomes, prevents the deposition of complement at the bacterial surface and forms stable large clusters with MHC-II named macrodomians in the cell surface, interfering with MHC-II presentation of peptides to specific CD4+ T cells. Woah.
3. Listeria - It gets internalized in a vacuole and then runs away.
The pore-forming protein listeriolysin O mediates escape from host vacuoles. Once in the cytosol, the L. monocytogenes mediates efficient actin-based motility, thereby propelling the bacteria into neighboring cells. The cytosol is a favorable environment for listeria’s growth.
4. Mycobacterium leprae - Cholesterol and TACO!
Mycobacterium leprae is able to induce lipid droplet formation in infected macrophages. Cholesterol mediates the recruitment of TACO from the plasma membrane to the phagosome. TACO, also termed as coronin-1A (CORO1A), is a coat protein that prevents phagosome-lysosome fusion and thus degradation of mycobacteria in lysosomes. The entering of mycobacteria at cholesterol-rich domains of the plasma membrane and their subsequent uptake in TACO-coated phagosomes promotes intracellular survival.
5. Coxiella brunetti - The indestrucible
This hardy, obligate intracellular pathogen has evolved to not only survive, but to thrive, in the harshest of intracellular compartments: the phagolysosome. Following internalization, the nascent Coxiella phagosome ultimately develops into a large and spacious parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that acquires lysosomal characteristics such as acidic pH, acid hydrolases and cationic peptides, defences designed to rid the host of intruders.
6. Salmonella - TTSS
Salmonella have a specialized secretion system, termed the type III secretion system (TTSS), as well as proteins secreted by this system, are encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1). TTSS are used by bacterial pathogens to inhibit their phagocytosis, induce eukaryotic cell death, and alter the host cell cytoskeleton. Salmonella species have at least one other TTSS encoded on SPI2 that appears to be involved in intracellular survival.
7. Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Tries to not attract attention
After infecting cells, HIV survives. Ever wondered why? It’s because the HIV protein, Nef plays a role in downregulating the expression of various proteins needed for recognition by potentially dangerous CD8 T cells. Nef lowers the surface expression of CD4, and several haplotypes of MHC-I by redirecting their transport from the trans-Golgi network. Another gene, Tat, appears to upregulate the expression of Bcl-2 during the early phase of cellular infection, increasing the likelihood that it will receive survival signals.
Many viruses can survive intracellularly, but I’ve included specifically HIV in this list because it survives in immune cells and it is an important virus to know.
For appropriate sources and references, click here.
Can’t stop watching this 😂😂😂 by The LAD Bible
lindsaytheamazing I feel like you’d do this to your hate machines haha
The arm was designed and built just for Isabella by Team Unlimbited volunteer Stephen Davies. On average, prosthetics cost more than $10,000. However, an e-Nable limb ranges from $50 to $150 in price, which means more people can get prosthetic devices!
This is huge
:) :) :) :) :)
File under: when modern advances in technology don’t scare me at all
I don’t think I’ll ever forget
about verrucae (warts) because all I can think about is Veruca Salt from Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and how her name means wart...
Overview of Endocrine System!
Study hard now, enjoy life later.
(via teaandstudying)
Few of the High-Yield Teratogenic DRUGS and problems they can cause:
ACE inhibitors - Renal malformations
Aminoglycosides - Ototoxicity
Carbamazepine - Neural tube defects
Cyclophosphamide - Ear/facial anomalies, limb hypoplasia, absence of digits
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) - Clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma
Fluoroquinolones - Cartilage damage
Isotretinoin (Vitamin A derivative) - Spontaneous abortions
Lithium - Ebstein anomaly
Methotrexate - Neural tube defects, abortion
Phenytoin - Fetal hydantoin syndrome
Statins - CNS and limb abnormalities
Tetracyclines - Discolored teeth
Thalidomide - Phocomelia
Valproic acid - Neural tube defects
Warfarin - Facial/Limb/CNS anomalies, spontaneous abortion
MS1 year
Family member: Does this look infected?
MS1: Well, isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate through isocitrate dehydrogenase...sooooo....yes?
It's been a while, but I'm alive and starting my second year by joining the Order of Pathoma!
I used to have plantar focaccia, but it got better.
You say focaccia, I say fasciitis.
(via cranquis)