Types of Materials for Building
The thing to do before designing the construction of a building is to prepare the necessary building materials. Not only natural materials are used in construction, but materials also come from factories. These natural building materials get a little factory intervention, such as wood and glass. While the materials from the factory are mostly processed first, such as pipes and cement. Each of these materials has a function. It's good before planning construction, know in advance the types of building materials. In addition to adding insight, also know what materials are suitable for construction.
• Brick
Of course, many people already know the function of bricks as a building material for walls. The bricks themselves are made of clay that is burned to a distinctive reddish color or commonly called brick red. These bricks have various types. Along with the development of technology, the use of bricks for building walls began to decline. Its popularity is starting to be replaced by gypsum and bamboo which are relatively cheaper than bricks. Even so, brick remains a commonly used building material because of its strength.
• Cement
The most important building material is cement. Without cement, other building materials such as bricks, ceramics, and bricks cannot blend with each other. Cement is also one of the most vital building materials in making a solid foundation. Generally, cement consists of four basic elements such as limestone as the main component, clay containing SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3, silica stone which is added if the clay contains a small amount of SiO2, and iron sand is added if the clay contains a small amount of Fe2O3.
• Sand
Sand is also called fine aggregate because the grains are small, which is a maximum of 2 ml. Types of sand are also very diverse, especially in Indonesia there is a lot of sand used in various needs including building materials. Sand building material serves to mix cement. Good sand usually has a sharp grain shape because it is stronger for brick or foundation adhesive mixtures. Avoid choosing sand with a silt content of more than 5%.
• Wood
Wood is the most commonly used building material. Derived from trees or fibrous plants, this wood is very popular as a frame house. This wooden building material has an adjustable weight, remains strong, and gets stronger when compacted vertically. In general, this wood is used to support the roof of the house. If in ancient times wood as a building material was used in the form of logs or trees were simply cut to the required size, then after the invention of cutting machines, wood is now growing and shaped in various dimensions and shapes.
• Metal
Being one of the strongest building materials, metal is commonly used as a framework for the construction of large buildings. There are various types of metal commonly used as building materials such as steel. Steel is a strong, flexible, and durable building material. However, the drawback of this material is that it rusts easily. A mixture of aluminum and tin has a lower density but is better at preventing rust than steel.
• Pipe
Although not included in building materials that function as the formation of roofs, walls, or foundations, pipes still have an important role in construction. This pipe is commonly used to connect water and sewer lines. Made of materials that have strong resistance to low and high temperatures, pipes can be used to drain water quite well. The pipes themselves are made of lightweight materials such as carbon steel, carbon moly, ferrous nickel, stainless steel, and PVC.
• Plywood and Nails Plywood material is usually used as a cover for the ceiling or so-called ceiling. This way the ceiling will look neater, the messy cables and the roof frame will not be visible. Then what is the meaning of using wood and plywood without nails? Nails serve to unite wood and plywood so that the house building becomes stronger. Nails are also often used with rope as a guide tool for fixing ceramics.
• Glass
Glass is a building material that can be used as a window. This clear material has indeed been used as a coating on home ventilation since it was first discovered. This glass is also very important to use as a medium for light sources from the outside but still protects the inside of the house. In general, glass is made of a mixture of sand and silica so it is very brittle and breaks easily. However, with the development of technology, glass can also be transformed into a kind of curtain that is able to cover the surface of the building and can also be used on the roof to get a beautiful view of the sky, such as skylights.