wallacepolsom
todays bird
Kiana Khansmith
One Nice Bug Per Day
🩵 avery cochrane 🩵
𓃗
Mike Driver
macklin celebrini has autism
izzy's playlists!
trying on a metaphor
sheepfilms
Jules of Nature
cherry valley forever
JVL
Monterey Bay Aquarium
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official daine visual archive
he wasn't even looking at me and he found me
No title available
PUT YOUR BEARD IN MY MOUTH
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@yeli-renrong
Guess the language
Here is a language transcribed into katakana. No phonemic information represented in its usual writing system has been lost. Can you identify it?
ナカラヒ ウタラパサヒ カラ゚ㇻフマナカニヤマタナヒ シヤ アヰヤキニㇼイェニ ニカタ カドㇽバラ゚ガマケヒ ワサナカアメティパヘジャシワヤハ プタデワヤハ ヤヒサパワヤナワワヘラケヒ ディナ アリヤワサ ワタㇻヰ デ ハカダㇻ ダサ アマナㇻカ ヰ イチャ。 メ デ ハカダㇻ ダサ アマナㇻカ ヰ ピタㇻダダㇻハサヒ ヱダㇻ アカラ゚ハサヒ ヱダㇻㇵ マデハサヒ ヱダㇻㇵ パチャヰシヤ アマナㇻカ ヰ イチャ メ サ アマナㇻカ ウディヒ ヱダㇻㇵ エカ アマナㇻ デ ペカダㇻカ ウディ イチャ ダサ アマナㇻカ バヤリ゚ヒ ヱダㇻㇵ デ アマナㇻ デ ペカダㇻカ バヤリ゚ イチャ。
extraordinary
Before the development of modern scientific nomenclature, natural philosophers used logograms to represent the concepts of their trade. These logograms constituted a library of symbols that could be repurposed, as for example by Linnaeus, who used ♄ for woody plants, ♃ for herbaceous perennials, ♂ for biennials, and ☉︎ for annual plants, or extended by derivation, as with the alchemical symbols 🜆 for aqua regia and 🜅 for aqua fortis, straightforwardly derived by ligature from the logogram 🜄 aqua and the Latin letters R and F. (Here cf. the derivation of the Linear B ideogram 𐂓 from the syllabic characters 𐀏𐀡.) While in some cases these characters had clear derivations, in others they were functionally unanalyzable, as with the symbol for lead, ♄, originally a ligature of the first two characters in the Greek name of Saturn, Κρόνος.
(source)
They also had different meanings in different contexts: Linnaeus used ♂ (elsewhere meaning 'iron' or 'Mars') for both biennials (an arbitrary extension) and male plants, and ♀ (elsewhere meaning 'copper' or 'Venus') for female plants.
Some of these symbols are still used today: the symbols for 'male' and 'female' are widely understood, and new astronomical symbols have been created for Earth and the minor planets. However, in some German alchemical manuscripts, the practice of logographic writing combined with the practice (also found in many English manuscripts) of writing Latin in antiqua as vs. the usual blackletter combined to produce a triscriptal system, almost like Japanese:
In German, verbs loaned from Latin often take the infinitive suffix -ieren; note the words 'calcini𝔯𝔢𝔱' and 'ſepari𝔯𝔢𝔱', with Antiqua stems and blackletter endings.
Like in my post the other day on the speedlang I made, I've been making several sketches to experiment with features that don't fit into my
the CEToM rate limit is so annoying. brother that is a single-digit number of tabs
The inventary vocalic at seven vowels is rich in comparison at the other languages otomangues who have an majority five vowels, with a contrast at three nivels of fermiture and three nivels of anteriority, the position central beingn't occupied that per an vowel central-overt.
It exists also dix-nine contrasts consonantics, from where three appearisen't with which the emprunts spanishes. The amuzgo has as contrasts at five lels of articulations, and five manners of articulations, without distinction of voicement. The segments entering parentheses are rares or existn't that in emprunts. These who are entering crochets are as allophones. As segments complexes are admitted from within our inventary for the considerations phonotactics and phonetics.
With an squelette syllabic also strict and an number of restrictions under the possible clusters in attack, the amuzgo trouves its structural allures. With its languages sisters, it's for the others strategies which that language augments its inventaries. As systems of phonation of voice souffle et laryngalized, of nasality, of ballisticity under the syllable (analyzed behold here in the mode of the soufflement in fin of mot, but which exprime themselves in party for the modulation tonal at the nivel of the syllable), and not minus the eleven valors tonals (6 tons lies at the syllable non-ballistic, and 5 lies at the syllable ballistic), forment an eventuality of diverse possibilities structurals, give an grain final of oppositions and of contrasts. To in thus, the inventory vocalic could be gonfled of September at 48 valors if we count the number of vowels, multiplied for the four valors of voice (souffle, cracked, ballistic and modal) that gives 48 valors vocalics.
correct!
The inventary vocalic at seven vowels is rich in comparison at the other languages otomangues who have an majority five vowels, with a contrast at three nivels of fermiture and three nivels of anteriority, the position central beingn't occupied that per an vowel central-overt.
It exists also dix-nine contrasts consonantics, from where three appearisen't with which the emprunts spanishes. The amuzgo has as contrasts at five lels of articulations, and five manners of articulations, without distinction of voicement. The segments entering parentheses are rares or existn't that in emprunts. These who are entering crochets are as allophones. As segments complexes are admitted from within our inventary for the considerations phonotactics and phonetics.
With an squelette syllabic also strict and an number of restrictions under the possible clusters in attack, the amuzgo trouves its structural allures. With its languages sisters, it's for the others strategies which that language augments its inventaries. As systems of phonation of voice souffle et laryngalized, of nasality, of ballisticity under the syllable (analyzed behold here in the mode of the soufflement in fin of mot, but which exprime themselves in party for the modulation tonal at the nivel of the syllable), and not minus the eleven valors tonals (6 tons lies at the syllable non-ballistic, and 5 lies at the syllable ballistic), forment an eventuality of diverse possibilities structurals, give an grain final of oppositions and of contrasts. To in thus, the inventory vocalic could be gonfled of September at 48 valors if we count the number of vowels, multiplied for the four valors of voice (souffle, cracked, ballistic and modal) that gives 48 valors vocalics.
am I having a stroke
In general, a sonant nasal (syllabic) may trouve itself in premier position of a cluster of obstruents, but before an other obstruent it isn't realment tautosyllabic. The attacks branchings are the type CCJ, where J is a semi-vowel and CC dights not be composed of a sequence [+post, -post], that is a sequence non-openant; and dight have the meme valor de [±sonant]. A semi-vowel trouves itself souvently before the nuttal which has its tower possibly a diphthong. Certains clusters are plus rares than the others, notably those having the inventaries plus restraints (for example not of semi-vowel, and not after a sonant nasal). These clusters are in base of the Tableut and distribute themselves in general about the fricatives and the sonants.
The limitation phonotactic of the distribution of the fricatives jokes a role important quant at the flexion of the plural or of the future (every the two n-) above a racine/a radical, with a fricative in position initial. This restriction provokes the allomorphy or the mutation for the neutralization of the fricative initial. The meme, the racines/the radicals with a sonant in attack provoke also the alternances morphophonologics of that order, with the restrictions phonotactics inside the Table.
The Principle of sequence sonor proposes an parameter explicative of the order preferential of the segments inside a syllable in the manner constant of the languages of the world: the segments dight alternate in nivel of sonority. In line with that idea, the Hierarchy of sonority reflects the order of resonance relative within the classes of segments, whereof an order generalized is proposed with whichs variabilities according themselves to the language, without depassing certains universals. In general, the languages of the world seek plus or minus the hierarchies semblables, nonobsting whichs differences, concerning the plus seeking the sonants or the fricatives.
yeah, stroke
An part important of languages sino-tibetans, tells which the chinese or the burman, are habitually presented with the examples typics of languages isolants. The researches recents (Sagart 1999) monstrates altimes which the chinese archaic, that is to say the language represented inside the texts of before 200 av. JC., present the traces of a morphology otherwhile plus complex. This morphology is well preserved in tibetan classic, in jingpo, but above all inside the languages rgyalrongics, which goes to be the object of this these.
The languages rgyalrongics have of an archaism remarkable altant of the point of view morphologic (the prefixes which one retrouven't that below form of traces inside other languages there have encore productives) which of the point of view phonologic (the groups of consonants initials complexes there are conserves). A description also complete that possible of the phonology and of the morphology of each one of the languages of this group is thus of an importance capital for the reconstruction of proto-sino-tibetan.
Or, the plupart of the languages rgyalrongics haven't not described of fashion sufficemently detailed for to permit a utilization systematic in reconstruction of the sino-tibetan. This travail a pour but of to document the phonology and the morphology of an of the languages rgyalrongics, the japhug, and of to propose an reconstruction preliminary of the history of this language for the comparison inter the dialects japhug and with the others languages rgyalrongics.
The inventary vocalic at seven vowels is rich in comparison at the other languages otomangues who have an majority five vowels, with a contrast at three nivels of fermiture and three nivels of anteriority, the position central beingn't occupied that per an vowel central-overt.
It exists also dix-nine contrasts consonantics, from where three appearisen't with which the emprunts spanishes. The amuzgo has as contrasts at five lels of articulations, and five manners of articulations, without distinction of voicement. The segments entering parentheses are rares or existn't that in emprunts. These who are entering crochets are as allophones. As segments complexes are admitted from within our inventary for the considerations phonotactics and phonetics.
With an squelette syllabic also strict and an number of restrictions under the possible clusters in attack, the amuzgo trouves its structural allures. With its languages sisters, it's for the others strategies which that language augments its inventaries. As systems of phonation of voice souffle et laryngalized, of nasality, of ballisticity under the syllable (analyzed behold here in the mode of the soufflement in fin of mot, but which exprime themselves in party for the modulation tonal at the nivel of the syllable), and not minus the eleven valors tonals (6 tons lies at the syllable non-ballistic, and 5 lies at the syllable ballistic), forment an eventuality of diverse possibilities structurals, give an grain final of oppositions and of contrasts. To in thus, the inventory vocalic could be gonfled of September at 48 valors if we count the number of vowels, multiplied for the four valors of voice (souffle, cracked, ballistic and modal) that gives 48 valors vocalics.
am I having a stroke
In general, a sonant nasal (syllabic) may trouve itself in premier position of a cluster of obstruents, but before an other obstruent it isn't realment tautosyllabic. The attacks branchings are the type CCJ, where J is a semi-vowel and CC dights not be composed of a sequence [+post, -post], that is a sequence non-openant; and dight have the meme valor de [±sonant]. A semi-vowel trouves itself souvently before the nuttal which has its tower possibly a diphthong. Certains clusters are plus rares than the others, notably those having the inventaries plus restraints (for example not of semi-vowel, and not after a sonant nasal). These clusters are in base of the Tableut and distribute themselves in general about the fricatives and the sonants.
The limitation phonotactic of the distribution of the fricatives jokes a role important quant at the flexion of the plural or of the future (every the two n-) above a racine/a radical, with a fricative in position initial. This restriction provokes the allomorphy or the mutation for the neutralization of the fricative initial. The meme, the racines/the radicals with a sonant in attack provoke also the alternances morphophonologics of that order, with the restrictions phonotactics inside the Table.
The Principle of sequence sonor proposes an parameter explicative of the order preferential of the segments inside a syllable in the manner constant of the languages of the world: the segments dight alternate in nivel of sonority. In line with that idea, the Hierarchy of sonority reflects the order of resonance relative within the classes of segments, whereof an order generalized is proposed with whichs variabilities according themselves to the language, without depassing certains universals. In general, the languages of the world seek plus or minus the hierarchies semblables, nonobsting whichs differences, concerning the plus seeking the sonants or the fricatives.
The inventary vocalic at seven vowels is rich in comparison at the other languages otomangues who have an majority five vowels, with a contrast at three nivels of fermiture and three nivels of anteriority, the position central beingn't occupied that per an vowel central-overt.
It exists also dix-nine contrasts consonantics, from where three appearisen't with which the emprunts spanishes. The amuzgo has as contrasts at five lels of articulations, and five manners of articulations, without distinction of voicement. The segments entering parentheses are rares or existn't that in emprunts. These who are entering crochets are as allophones. As segments complexes are admitted from within our inventary for the considerations phonotactics and phonetics.
With an squelette syllabic also strict and an number of restrictions under the possible clusters in attack, the amuzgo trouves its structural allures. With its languages sisters, it's for the others strategies which that language augments its inventaries. As systems of phonation of voice souffle et laryngalized, of nasality, of ballisticity under the syllable (analyzed behold here in the mode of the soufflement in fin of mot, but which exprime themselves in party for the modulation tonal at the nivel of the syllable), and not minus the eleven valors tonals (6 tons lies at the syllable non-ballistic, and 5 lies at the syllable ballistic), forment an eventuality of diverse possibilities structurals, give an grain final of oppositions and of contrasts. To in thus, the inventory vocalic could be gonfled of September at 48 valors if we count the number of vowels, multiplied for the four valors of voice (souffle, cracked, ballistic and modal) that gives 48 valors vocalics.
Bridges's 1895 grammar of Yahgan uses "A. J. Ellis's phonetic system", which is the same English Phonotypic Alphabet that was almost adopted by Brigham Young's orthographic committee. Unfortunately, the English Phonotypic Alphabet isn't encoded in Unicode. Why not?
Dobel Phonology
This is the phono inventory ever
yeah
The 3 is a footnote.
As per Blust 2012, *p weakened to zero or a glide:
*k > ʔ in nonfinal position. Word-finally it was lost with complications:
It's unknown what happened to *g. Blust cites *gəlap > ŋela ~ ŋélaʔu, but this would be the only example of *-p > ʔ.
/kʷ/ is from fortition of PAn *w and secondary *w excreted from word-initial *u- and sequences of *uV and *Vu.
Dobel Phonology
This is the phono inventory ever
yeah
Abstract The study examines the archaeolinguistic implications of Semitoid loanwords in Proto-Indo-European. Contact linguistics offer a uni
Oh well huh, speaking of substrates and Egyptian etc.: here's a brand new article proposing a former Afrasian branch in the Balkans, substratal to Proto-Indo-European
and yes this does at least sound like it would work better than trying to make PIE and PSem neighbors, or projecting binary Semitic–IE comparanda into Nostratic. TBD if anything more comes of this idea later on…
