Custom SEIKO watch
Head to seiko.com and like this watch!!!
Its name is UOBlack its predecessor is UndergroundOrange
With enough likes at seiko.com this watch could become a production model.
https://www.seikowatches.com/ca-en
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Custom SEIKO watch
Head to seiko.com and like this watch!!!
Its name is UOBlack its predecessor is UndergroundOrange
With enough likes at seiko.com this watch could become a production model.
https://www.seikowatches.com/ca-en
Some issues
With unlimited time and resources, my solution to deforestation of the Amazon rainforest would be to improve soil fertility, reforest the cleared land and help species recovery along with helping the indigenous people.
The public would likely support or try to help with what I'm proposing because more and more people are thinking about the environment and taking action to protect it. The world is beginning to understand what the Amazon rainforest does as the lungs of the planet.
Reasons for deforestation and who benefits:
Agriculture: Many people benefit from agriculture in the Amazon, whether the food is being shipped away to the americas or stays where it is produced; agriculture is necessary. Part of the reason farmers continue clearing more land, is that the forest soil is very poor, so they can only plant crops on that land for a few years before it is depleted.
Mining: Many people around the world benefit from the mining in the Amazon; for example, Peru is the biggest producer of silver and gold in the world; many people like to wear silver and gold as jewelry and have it as decorations around their houses, and use it for religious purposes. Gold is a component in computers and technology. If mining stopped, there would be very big effects all across the world.
Logging: There are many rare woods In the Amazon which are valued around the world. Some of the governments in the region are making it too hard to log legally, and are basically saying, log illegally; as a result, the loggers make more money logging illegally. If the forest was logged sustainably and legally, the deforestation could be slowed drastically.
Dams: Dams are needed for generating power in the Amazon, as not all people in the area have power. There is always a growing need for electricity, but dams prevent fish from moving freely and form big pools of water where mosquitoes that carry diseases lay eggs, thus threatening the indigenous people and all the other people around the dams, with illness.
Strategies to improve:
To improve the productivity of farms, the soil has to be nutrient rich. If the soil was fertilized and improved, farmers wouldn’t need to clear more land, and they could grow productive crops and livestock on the land already have. I would support initiatives already in place, that are trying to rehabilitate the soil. Groups like the Brazilian Farm Research Corporation (Embrapa) are already researching using improved technology to get better yield from crops.
Better government polices that support a sustainable logging industry and penalize illegal logging, would slow the rate of deforestation. Consumers could become educated on the cost of deforestation, deal with the lack of rare woods or learn to purchase sustainably logged woods. My initiative would see the loggers reemployed and paid fair wages to reforest the land that they have just cleared. We would make and operate nurseries for native trees and pair up with initiatives like The Trillion Trees Initiative, which is joining with local communities to restore degraded landscapes. I would support these efforts, especially because they are working in a thoughtful way to make sure the trees have a high survival rate.
Dams are harder to deal with because there aren't very many clean substitutes to hydroelectricity. Before dams are constructed the builders should look at the impact the dam will cause and try to choose sites that minimize the effects on the surrounding area.
Ceasing construction of new mines, would help slow deforestation as well.
These efforts would keep people employed, improve the productivity of farm land, stop shrinking the rainforest and start growing it in size and if started soon, it would still be possible to restore the Amazon rainforest.
https://www.wri.org/blog/2019/04/restoring-peruvian-amazon-one-most-ecologically-valuable-forests-world
https://www.dw.com/en/the-amazon-nutrient-rich-rainforests-on-useless-soils/a-50139632
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/03/060301090431.htm
https://rainforests.mongabay.com/amazon/amazon_conservation.html
Water quality testing in the Amazon Rainforest
Deforestation in the Amazon rainforest is caused by many things such as: mining, illegal logging, agriculture and the construction of dams. The effects of these different industries on the water is vast. The purpose of this experiment is to look for two different contaminants and to see whether the concentrations accumulate as the water flows down river.
A section of the Amazon river will be focused on for the test, the area will include at least one mine and one dam. samples will be taken from 5 locations including before and after the mine, before and after the dam and in the reservoir.
Lab question: Does the mercury and phosphorus from industrial activities accumulate as the water flows down the Amazon river.
Hypothesis: I think there will be some accumulation in the river but the dam will hold back some of the pollutants in the reservoir.
Materials:
5 (1 L) glass containers for collecting water samples
10 Mercury test strips, measured in parts per billon
20 glass beakers ( 250mL )
liquid reagent (ascorbic acid and ammonium molybdate)
Procedure:
1. Divide each sample into 4 labelled beakers (testing for 2 contaminants, each test will be conducted twice)
2. Testing for mercury: wearing safety glasses, place mercury test strip in 2 beakers per sample
3. Compare test strips to indicator chart; record results in table.
4. Testing for phosphorus: (Wearing safety glasses) Using remaining samples, add liquid reagent according to product directions.
5. Compare intensity of blue to indicator chart : record results in table.
Observations:
Possible sources of errors and extensions:
The orthophosphate test proposed is only testing for phosphate by itself, a more extensive phosphorous test would be more accurate and test for total phosphates, but would be more complex.
The area of testing is small in the test I have proposed, for a more accurate representation of the pollution you would have to test a bigger area, with many more samples.
You could also test for other contaminants such as : nitrogen, fertilizer from agriculture and excess nutrient run off
DAM IT!!
While many believe that hydro electricity is a good substitute for fossil fuels, because it is a renewable energy source, it is also very destructive. It is Only a good substitute when it does not cause major interruptions in the ecosystem as it does in the Amazon Rainforest. There are issues with deforestation due to illegal logging, farming, wild fires, mining and construction of dams in the Amazon. To build a dam one must make a road to the destination, make infrastructure for the dam, and clear an area of the trees. Once the dam is built, the trees that were in the way are now under water or drowned and the dam prevents vital nutrient rich sediment from flowing down into the Pacific Ocean and all the points along the way.
People are affected by dams; dams negatively affect indigenous peoples because the increased amount of water in one spot allows mosquitoes with deadly viruses to multiply, which can make them sick; if they are sick, they cannot gather food or resources necessary for daily life.The dams have also displaced more than 40,000 people.
People positively affected are people who gain power in rural communities and the city. They benefit because they now have lights, refrigeration for food and water pumps which can improve hygiene. Others who benefit are the people who have new job openings/opportunities, this benefits the economy. An increase in available power means an increase in jobs, especially in industry, mining and agriculture, but this comes at a cost.
The environmental impact in building a dam is large. Deforestation is a byproduct of building dams: trees must be logged and cleared for the dam which results in habitat loss. Flooding is also inevitable as the dam holds back water but also because loss of trees means more water runoff. Flooding can cause trees to die.
The demand for power in the Amazon rainforest is huge with the processing of aluminium
As Of 2017 “To meet energy needs, economic developers in South America have proposed 428 hydroelectric dams, with 140 currently built or under construction, in the Amazon basin—the largest and most complex network of river channels in the world, which sustains the highest biodiversity on Earth. The rivers and surrounding forests are the source of 20 percent of the planet's fresh water and valuable ingredients used in modern medicine.”
https://phys.org/news/2017-06-hydroelectric-jeopardize-amazon-future.html
“Of all the amazing things seen in the Amazon, perhaps one of the least expected is Tucuruí. Located at the lower Tocantins River, adjacent to the Amazon Basin in northeastern Brazil, this is the largest dam ever built in a tropical rainforest. And with an area of 2,875 km2, it is also the largest man-made lake ever built in such a place. As 90% of Brazil's energy comes from hydropower, the dam was thought to be a cheaper alternative to importing fossil fuels. Energy produced by the dam would fuel the Grande Carajas Programme of mining and other industrial projects.
The dam footprintLike many other dams, Tucuruí has come at a cost. Locally, it has changed the lives of indigenous people and vulnerable ethnic minorities, displaced 40,000 people and destroyed the habitat of fish and plants. The vast reservoir created by the dam is also a place where disease-bearing mosquitoes thrive and breed, which has affected local people and their productivity. According to the National Institute for Amazonian Research, submerged decomposing vegetation is contributing one-sixth of Brazil’s total greenhouse gas emissions2.”
https://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/where_we_work/amazon/amazon_threats/poorly_planned_infrastructure/dams_amazon/
“Scientists worry that dams will harm the Amazon’s legendary biodiversity by blocking fish-spawning runs, reducing the flow of vital soil nutrients, and clearing forests. Reservoirs behind the dams also could displace indigenous people, like the Asháninka, whose livelihood depends on the rivers.”
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2015/04/150419-amazon-dams-hydroelectric-deforestation-rivers-brazil-peru/#close
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An Astronaut That Could Help....
Roberta Bondar
I would invite Roberta Bondar to come and brainstorm solutions to help protect the Amazon Rainforest from deforestation.
Roberta Bondar is a renowned astronaut, professional landscape and nature photographer with degrees in zoology, agriculture, experimental pathology and neurology. Her passion for education and nature has helped her make the Roberta Bondar Foundation which has “[a] fundamental belief that... the more we learn about our environment and the better we become at asking important questions, the better equipped we will be both to respond to change and to influence positive change.” Roberta Bondar’s expertise and background may help find solutions to deforestation in the Amazon by educating the public about the issue with talks, presentations and photography exhibits which show the scale of the issue and bring it to a larger audience.
Global competencies which make Bondar an excellent choice are: Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking and Problem Solving.
Roberta Bondar is effective at communication and gives lectures and presentations internationally. Bondar’s skills could be very helpful because she is well known and respected and could draw attention to the deforestation crisis in the Amazon rainforest. Her love of nature and interest in education make her very suitable for educating the public. Bondar’s experiences in observing nature all over the world could help because she might know ways other places curved or stopped deforestation and the same solutions could be applied in the Amazon. Her education in agriculture would also be beneficial because she would understand the nutritional needs of crops and could suggest ways to improve crop yields, preventing the need for farmers to seek new land.
As an astronaut, collaboration is a necessary skill as Bondar would have had to work closely with a crew for a successful mission, communication would have been a vital part of things as well. The Roberta Bondar Foundation is known to collaborate with schools to learn about them and share insights.
Critical thinking and problem solving are also required in an astronaut. A space mission is a constant balance of life and death; any issue on a space mission could be catastrophic and having critical thinking can allow the astronauts to diagnose and fix the problem.
https://www.therobertabondarfoundation.org/about-the-foundation/
https://robertabondar.com/physician-and-scientist.html
Useful Technologies in the Amazon Rainforest
I wonder if Canadian satellite technology could be used to map the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest? Satellite technology has already been in use since the 1970s to some extent for this purpose, and recently google maps has used satellites to map out earth.
If we focus a satellite on the Amazon rainforest, with the sophistication of today’s technology we could learn a lot about where illegal logging and mining is happening and who is doing it. The satellite could monitor the rainforest for new clear cuts, equipment and activities.
Perhaps robotics technology could be modified to scout out the Amazon rainforest? It could find illegal miners and investigate illegal logging without endangering humans, and could also be used to scout out the very remote areas of the Amazon.
I think these technologies could help to monitor and spot Illegal mining and logging.
Compounds Connected to the Amazon Rainforest
My environmental concern Is the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest
Compounds connected to my concern are:
H20 - Water
Two hydrogen atoms
One oxygen atom
Non-metals bonded together
Covalent bonds
O2 - Oxygen
Two oxygen atoms
Non-metals bonded together
CO2 - Carbon dioxide
One carbon atom
Two oxygen atoms
Non-metal bonded together
Covalent bonds
C12H24 - Diesel
twelve carbon atoms
twenty four hydrogen atoms
Non-metals bonded together
Covalent bonds
CN− Cyanide
One carbon atom
One nitrogen atom
Non-metals bonded together
Covalent bonds
Mining is one of the causes of deforestation in the Amazon.
Diesel is used in the operations of logging and mining
Cyanide used in gold mining:
earthworks.org/issues/cyanide
pollution from mining:
rainforests.mongabay.com/0808.htm
Amazon Rainforest and Connections to the Periodic Table
Knowledge and understanding of the periodic table helps me to identify some ecological issues in the Amazon Rainforest, as individual elements and the compounds they combine to form affect the ecosystem.
Some elements connected to deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest are: oxygen, carbon, gold, copper, zinc, mercury, silver, tin, nitrogen, aluminium and hydrogen.
Gold, copper, silver, zinc and mercury are transition metals.
Aluminium and tin are metalloids.
Oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen are non-metals.
The elements above are connected to deforestation of the Amazon in these ways :
Oxygen: Oxygen Is produced by trees and plants in the Amazon rainforest.
Carbon: Trees in the Amazon lock up carbon in their trunks and branches as they grow. Carbon, in the form of Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) is released into the atmosphere every time a tree is cut down or burned in the Amazon.
Hydrogen: Hydrogen combined with oxygen In the form H20 is water. In almost all mining water is needed; this water is then released into the environment along with all the toxins in it, which can harm or kill plants, wild life and humans. The forest is cut for mining.
Gold: Gold is mined in the Amazon Rainforest; the mining is always very destructive, resulting in deforestation and pollution. Peru is one of the largest producers of gold in the world.
Silver: Silver is mined in the Amazon rainforest, resulting in deforestation. Peru is one of the largest producers of silver in the world.
Tin: Tin is mined in the Amazon Rainforest, in the process, trees are cut down and rivers are polluted.
Zinc: Zinc is mined in the Amazon Rainforest, deforestation is a byproduct.
Mercury: When mining for gold, mercury is used in the extraction process, it is then dumped into rivers, poisoning fish and water supplies.
Aluminium: Vast quantities of energy are required for the refining process; therefore, hydro electric dams are built on rivers in the Amazon to provide the energy needed, flooding the surrounding areas resulting in the drowning of trees.
Nitrogen: Sufficient availability of nitrogen is important for recovery and regrowth of the Amazon Rainforest.
more information at :https://rainforests.mongabay.com/0808.htm
Amazon Rainforest; solids liquids and gases
solids:
rocks and soil: makes up the hills and the ground that the trees live on; is susceptible to erosion when land is cleared of trees.
gold and copper: mined in the amazon rainforest, to mine the land, it must be cleared of trees
liquids:
water: rain moves through the trees to the forest floor where the trees hold it in the ground with their roots; when the trees are cut down, water causes erosion; water flows into the Amazon river, and into the Atlantic Ocean
oil: is a commodity that is mined from the rainforest, resulting in the destruction of the ecosystem.
gases:
water vapour: water condenses as vapour over the canopy and falls down as rain
carbon dioxide: the rainforest absorbs approximately 20% of the worlds CO2 from human activity; every tree cut down releases carbon dioxide and contributes to global warming
oxygen: oxygen is released from the trees into the air; the rainforest produces 20% of the worlds oxygen
Resources:
facts about the Amazon: https://ypte.org.uk/factsheets/rainforests/print
facts about the Amazon River network: http://justfunfacts.com/interesting-facts-about-amazon-river/
Amazon Rainforest Experts
I would choose the following team of experts to help me with my ecological concern, deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest:
Dr. Mark Plotkin; expert on rainforest ecosystems; promotes conservation and awareness of the natural world; co-founder of the Amazon Conservation Team (ACT) which is dedicated to protecting biological and cultural diversity in the Amazon.
Dr. Margaret D. Lowman; biologist, educator, public speaker and ecologist; known as “Canopy Meg”; director of TREE foundation
Dr. Nepstad; tropical ecologist; President and founder of Earth Innovation Institute; active blogger on issues in the Amazon
Peter Raven; botanist, taxonomist and environmentalist; published over 480 books covering topics like ethnobotany, conservation biology and more; a leading authority on plant systematics and evolution; Missouri Botanical Garden President Emeritus (for four decades)
Pierre-Michel Forget; rainforest plant expert; analyst of seed dispersal and seedling ecology; president for the Society of Tropical Ecology; professor at Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN)
For more information, check out the links below:
Dr. Mark Plotkin
Dr. Margaret D. Lowman
Dr. Nepstad
Peter Raven
Pierre-Michel Forget
An Amazon Expert
Ecologist Dr. Philip Fearnside is an expert on deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest and is a professor at the National Institute for Research in the Amazon.
I selected Dr. Fearnside because he is focused on how to sustainably manage the Amazon Rainforest. Fearnside has spent more than 30 years in Brazil and is one of the most cited scientists on the subject of climate change.
Dr. Fearnside received his bachelor’s degree in biology at Colorado College and his master’s and PhD in biology from the University of Michigan. Dr. Fearnside worked in India and China as a consultant to local governments in the management of water resources between 1969 and 1971. He has published a large bibliography including studies that contributed to understanding environmental causes and impacts of deforestation in the Amazon.
https://rainforests.mongabay.com/amazon/amazon_experts.htm
https://www.theglobalist.com/deforestation-in-brazil-the-china-factor/
https://e360.yale.edu/features/what_lies_behind_the_recent_surge_of_amazon_deforestation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Fearnside
5 posts!
blog post #5
The Amazon rainforest represents 54% of the total rainforests left on Earth and also accounts for 20% of the Earth’s oxygen and is often referred to as the lungs of the planet. It is imperative that we preserve the Amazon; this initiative sets out to do that.
Initiative: Amazon Sustainable Landscapes Program
Amazonia Live was born in 2016 out of a commitment to the festival Rock in Rio and a partnership with the Brazilian Biodiversity Fund ( Funbio ) to plant 1 million trees in the Amazon and to publicize the importance of Amazonia preservation.
The initiative grew greatly as soon as CI - Brasil (Conservational International) joined as a foreign partner, the goal became to plant 2 million trees. As more partners became involved, the initiative grew larger still. New partnerships included: the Brazilian Ministry of Environment, Global Environment Facility (GEF) and the World Bank. One of the strengths of the initiative is just how many people and organizations are involved.
To date, the goal is to restore 30,000 hectares of degraded areas of the Brazilian Amazon by planting 73 million trees, initially prioritizing southern regions in the states of Amazonas, Randonia, Acre and Pará. The goal is to complete the restoration project by 2023. Additionally, the program will promote the sustainable use of natural resources and strengthen the network of Conservation Units in the Brazilian Amazon.
Photo Credit: Chris Poulin/USFWS
To achieve the goals of the program, different methods are being applied, they include : enrichment of existing secondary forests, seeding and/or direct planting of selected native species and conducting and fostering of natural regeneration.
Some people involved in the organization Funbio include: the business world, civil society, academia and representatives from the Federal Government. Also, the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment probably employs or consults career scientists like environmentalists, botanists, biologists and ecologists.
“For the first time we are adopting a single cause worldwide that will be promoted in all the countries where Rock in Rio is present... we will attract the attention of the whole world to an urgent problem and show that it is possible, especially, to plant hope.” said Roberto Medina, president of Rock in Rio.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2017/09/15/brazil-initiative-recovers-forest-lands-amazon
https://ecoworldreactor.blogspot.com/2017/09/rock-in-rio-2017-2.html
I believe this program is an effective way of restoring the forest and all of its natural wonder. While this initiative itself has great momentum and success, there are barriers, like the deforestation and pollution from gold, copper and oil mines along with the industry of agriculture.
sources:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsnortheast/4754624921/in/photostream/
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2017/09/15/brazil-initiative-recovers-forest-lands-amazon
https://ecoworldreactor.blogspot.com/2017/09/rock-in-rio-2017-2.html
limiting factors on Capuchin monkey in the Amazon rainforest
Capuchin monkeys like most of the monkeys in the Amazon rainforest, they live in groups called troops. There are many types of capuchin monkey, scientists argue over just how many, but capuchin are thought to be the smartest of the new world monkeys. They live in the trees and eat plant, leaves, fruit, frogs and other primates.
The impact of humans on the capuchin monkey in the Amazon rainforest is an environmental, or abiotic limiting factor, which affects the population through loss of habitat. When the trees are unsustainably logged, the capuchin monkeys lose their habitat and they either die or move further into any remaining forest. The movement of capuchin monkeys into the remaining forest affects the preexisting population. The additional monkeys causes the population to rise above the carrying capacity, which means the amount of resources available cannot sustain the population.
Additionally, some other limiting factors include biotic factors like: predators, competition such as other monkeys, social behaviour and parasites. Abiotic factors include both noise and air pollution such as dust, along with water pollution as silt and debris washes off of the newly exposed land into the rivers. Temperatures will increase greatly due to loss of shade.
https://spiritvineretreats.com/resources/newsletter/february-2016/these-shocking-photos-of-the-disappearing-amazon-rainforest-are-a-result-of-one-unnecessary-choice/
fun fact:
Etymology
The word "capuchin" derives from a group of friars named the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, an offshoot from the Franciscans, who wear brown robes with large hoods. When Portuguese explorers reached the Americas in the 15th century, they found small monkeys whose coloring resembled these friars, especially when in their robes with hoods down, and named them capuchins.[1]When the scientists described a specimen (thought to be a golden-bellied capuchin) they noted that: "his muzzle of a tanned color,... with the lighter color around his eyes that melts into the white at the front, his cheeks..., give him the looks that involuntarily reminds us of the appearance that historically in our country represents ignorance, laziness, and sensuality."[2] The scientific name of the genus, Cebus comes from the Greek word kêbos,[3] meaning a long-tailed monkey.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capuchin_monkey
Trophic levels of the Amazon Rainforest
The diagram represents a food web of the Amazon Rainforest. The transfer of energy moves though trophic levels as follows:
First level (dark green, i.e. plant matter) is the primary producer
Second level (light green, i.e. insects) is a primary consumer
Third level (blue, i.e. lizards) are secondary consumers
The third level (Pink, i.e. ocelots) are third level consumers
Top of the food chain are the apex predators (orange, i.e. jaguars).
The Amazon Rainforest before and after deforestation
Sustainable ecosystem Amazon Rainforest, Brazil the abiotic factors include: sun, rocks, water (clean rivers) clouds and land.
All kinds of plants and animals flourish: canopy trees, understorey vegetation (including medicinal plants known and unknown), birds, insects, mammals (tree dwellers and ground dwellers), amphibians and reptiles. These are the biotic factors of this ecosystem.
Unsustainable ecosystem.
Abiotic factors like the sun is unaffected but without the trees, it will be a lot hotter; much of the water will evaporate and drift away in the heat and with the wind. The rain water and the rivers will erode the earth without the tree roots to hold it in place. The wind will will erode the land further, more intense wind could carry the soil elsewhere, possibly to different continents.
The plants and animals will suffer immensely. When the forest disappears, all the animals that lived in it will die due to loss of habitat, biodiversity will be lost.
There are virtually no similarities between the two ecosystems except that there will still be land. Everything about the Amazon will be different; plants and animals will be domestic or seeds that have drifted in from other continents and will suit the altered environment, even the aquatic habitat will be changed.