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The Vanishing Gradient Problem
For decades, artificial neural networks promised something remarkable: stack enough layers together, and a machine could learn almost anything. The logic seemed sound. More layers meant more abstraction, more complexity, more power. If one layer could detect edges in an image, maybe ten layers could detect faces. Maybe a hundred layers could understand the world. There was just one problem. The…
The World Almost Gave Up on Neural Networks — Twice
In 1957, a psychologist named Frank Rosenblatt introduced the Perceptron — a mathematical model loosely inspired by the human brain. The press went wild. Headlines promised thinking machines. The U.S. Navy funded the research. It felt like the dawn of artificial intelligence. Then it all fell apart. In 1969, Minsky and Papert published a book that exposed a fundamental flaw: a single Perceptron…
The Adapter Pattern is one of the foundational patterns introduced in the legendary “Gang of Four” (GoF) book — Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software It’s a timeless design approach that allows software components with incompatible interfaces to work together seamlessly. Whether you’re coming from iOS, Android, backend, or frontend, understanding design patterns like Adapter is a transferrable skill that transcends languages and frameworks. Good architecture thinking stays the same — only the syntax changes. As someone who has worked extensively on iOS projects, I found that this pattern, which is deeply ingrained in UIKit and Swift architectures (often seen as Delegation), translates naturally into Flutter. This article demonstrates exactly that — how a GoF pattern used for decades can elegantly solve a common Flutter problem.
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In this speed coding session, we write unit tests for a Swift ViewModel built with the MVVM architecture and powered by Combine and @MainActor concurrency. You’ll see how to: ✅ Write precise and meaningful unit tests using XCTest 🔍 Test async @MainActor functions with Combine’s @Published properties 🧪 Mock dependencies like ChinesePhraseSaver, Loader, and Deleter 🔄 Validate onLoad() and onTapFavorite() logic ⚠️ Handle error states with shouldShowErrorAlert 🧼 Ensure correctness using behavior-driven test naming We aim for properly crafted unit tests that naturally lead to high code coverage, making your codebase more robust and regression-proof. 🎯 Difficulty: Intermediate to Advanced
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Maintaining fast unit test feedback is crucial as an app and team grow over time. Without proper modularization, unit testing can become painfully slow. By structuring code into independent modules and utilizing macOS-based testing strategies, we can drastically improve test execution speed. This results in faster development, quicker bug fixes, and a smoother engineering experience. If you’re working on a growing iOS project, now is the time to start modularizing. Not only will it save you time today, but it will keep your project maintainable and efficient as your team and codebase scale. Start with one module, test the benefits, and see the difference! 🚀
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The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) is a fundamental concept in software development that helps create flexible and maintainable code. In this article, I'll explore its history, the problem of tight coupling, and different approaches to applying DIP in Swift.
Understanding the Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) in Swift
In this article, we'll explore how Liskov Subtitution Principle (LSP) works in Swift with practical examples, including a mock implementation for testing and a real implementation that loads data remotely. We will also discuss common pitfalls and best practices for ensuring LSP compliance in your Swift applications.
The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) is one of the five SOLID principles of object-oriented design. It states that: “Objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without affecting the correctness of the program.” (Paraphrased from Barbara Liskov’s) Barbara Liskov, a pioneering computer scientist, introduced this principle in 1987 as part of her research on data…
Open/Closed Principle (OCP) in Swift using Decorator Pattern
The Open/Closed Principle (OCP) is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented design, forming part of the SOLID principles. The concept is simple: “Software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification.” This principle encourages building systems where new functionality can be added without altering existing code. This leads to more maintainable, scalable, and robust software. In this article, we will explore the Open/Closed Principle and how to apply it in Swift through examples, focusing on the Decorator Pattern to extend behavior without modifying the original code.
SOLID: Open Close Principle Overview The Open/Closed Principle (OCP) is one of the fundamental principles of object-oriented design, forming part of the SOLID principles. The concept is simple: “Software entities (classes, modules, functions, etc.) should be open for extension, but closed for modification.” This principle encourages building systems where new functionality can be added without…
SOLID : Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)
The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) is one of the SOLID principles in software design. Checkout the SRP explained in this articl
What is SRP? The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) is one of the SOLID principles in software design. It states that a component should have only one reason to change. In other words, a class, struct, or any components, should have a single purpose and should not be modified for multiple reasons. Consider the following Swift struct: struct RemotePhrase: Decodable { let chinese: String let…
Clean Architecture: A Blueprint for Scalable and Maintainable Software
Clean Architecture is a design approach for building flexible, maintainable, and testable apps by keeping concerns separate and well-defined. Let's deep dive in in this article!
Clean Architecture is a software design philosophy that helps developers build flexible, maintainable, testable, and scalable applications. It emphasizes separation of concerns, ensuring that different parts of the application have clear responsibilities and do not mix unrelated logic. Think of it like designing a beautiful city with a well-planned infrastructure—roads, districts, utilities, and…
Simplifying Logic with Swift: From if-else to switch Pattern Matching
Switch pattern matching improves readability by replacing if-else statements with clear logic. Check this article if you’re interested in refactoring with switch patterns!
When working with conditional logic in Swift, you often encounter scenarios that require checking multiple conditions. Traditionally, developers rely on if-else statements for such tasks. However, Swift’s powerful switch statement with pattern matching offers a cleaner and more elegant way to handle these situations. In this article, we’ll demonstrate how to transition from a…
Detecting and Fixing UI Hangs in iOS Applications
Understanding the Decorator Pattern in Swift: A Practical Example
Overview Design patterns are a cornerstone of software development, providing reusable solutions to common problems. The Decorator Pattern is a structural design pattern that allows you to dynamically add new behavior to objects without altering their structure. It follows the Open/Closed Principle, which states that a class should be open for extension but closed for modification. In this…
WordPress Scheduled Post: "#4 Part 4.1- iOS - TDD - Random Character App - Swift - Enable the Power of TDD to Refactor MVVM to State based MVVM"
Sometimes we want to manage State in ViewModel easier. Instead of having multiple observed properties, we can have single state property that is observed by the View. We will learn how to safely refactor our ViewModel using TDD using State based MVVM.
Sometimes we want to manage State in ViewModel easier. Instead of having multiple observed properties, we can have single state property that is observed by the View. In this video, we will learn how to safely refactor our ViewModel using TDD using State based ViewModel variation. Let’s dive in into the second part of 4th video, State base MVVM with TDD! #testdrivendevelopment #tdd #tddios…
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4 Part 4 - iOS - TDD - Random Character App - MVVM ViewModel
In this video, we will learn how we can build our ViewModel component using Test Driven Development approach! Let's dive in into the 4th part, MVVM with TDD!
In this new series, we will be learning how we can use Test Driven Development on a networking based iOS project app, and in this case, we will fetch random character from `rickandmortyapi` and display it to the screen! In this video, we will learn how we can build our ViewModel component using Test Driven Development approach! Let’s dive in into the 4th part, MVVM with…
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#3 Part 3 - iOS - TDD - Random Character App - The Power of Tests on During Refactoring
In this new series, we will be learning how we can use Test Driven Development on a networking based iOS project app, and in this case, we will fetch random character from `rickandmortyapi` and display it to the screen! Refactoring is actually changing the implementation without changing the behavior. In this video, we can achieve that by doing it with the tests. Let’s dive in into the third…
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#2 Part 2 - iOS - TDD - Random Character App - TDD Networking with Moya (Continue)
Let's dive in into the 2nd part, the Test Drive Networking layer. We will learn to test our networking decoding logic in the unit level, with TDD so we can completely cover the JSON parsing scenario! #testdrivendevelopment #iosdevelopment #arifinfrds
In this new series, we will be learning how we can use Test Driven Development on a networking based iOS project app, and in this case, we will fetch random character from `rickandmortyapi` and display it to the screen! Let’s dive in into the second part, the Test Drive Networking layer. We will learn on how to test our networking decoding logic in the unit level, using TDD so that we can…
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