COMPOSITION RULES IN PHOTOGRAPHY:
RULE OF THIRDS: Imagine that your image is divided into 9 equal segments by 2 vertical and 2 horizontal lines. When taking a photo, you should position the most important elements in your scene along these lines, or at the points where they intersect. Some cameras will offer an option to superimpose a rule of thirds grid over the LCD screen.
LEADING LINES: When we look at a photo our eye is naturally drawn along lines. Where you place these leading lines in your composition, you can affect the way we view the image, pulling us into the picture and towards the subject. There are many different types of line - straight, diagonal, curvy, zigzag, radial etc.
FRAME IN FRAME: A frame within a frame is when photographer uses something within the in scene in from of them to frame the main subject. Therefore a second frame is created with the image. This can draw attention to the subject helping isolate it from any distraction and clutter within the image, while also adding depth and layers to the image.
S CURVES: The S curve is a roughly shape of the letter S either to define the photograph or split the composition into two sections, while also sometimes being thefocus point of the photo. The curve can lead you into or out of a scene, starting at the bottom or the side.
VANTAGE POINTS: Shooting from different vantage points e.g. low and high provides an interesting perspective to your photos. Shooting from a low angle empowers the subject, whereas shooting from a high angle adds a sense of vulnerability. These can used to create a certain mood or atmosphere.