very sad to announce that i’m no longer gonna use this blog <3
RMH

ellievsbear

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Aqua Utopia|海の底で記憶を紡ぐ
almost home

oozey mess
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One Nice Bug Per Day

#extradirty
wallacepolsom
Misplaced Lens Cap
Xuebing Du
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taylor price
todays bird
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$LAYYYTER
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Product Placement

seen from Puerto Rico
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@goazen
very sad to announce that i’m no longer gonna use this blog <3
you’ve seen the italian vagina map, get ready for the basque vagina (and penis) map <3 (sources and whole list: 1 2)
the verb “to go” in basque dialects / “joan” aditza euskalkietan
from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the whole word lists and audio from each town
1. Joan [+ agintera, zu] (imperative, second person singular: (you) go!)
2. Joan [+ iragana, hura] (past, third person singular: he/she was going / he/she went)
3. Joan [+ iragana, ni] (past, first person singular: I was going / I went)
4. Joan [+ oraina, haiek] (present, third person plural: they go / they are going)
5. Joan [+ oraina, zuek] (present, second person plural: you go / you are going)
6. Joan [+ oraina, hura] (present, third person singular: he/she goes / he/she is going)
okay a silly post about basque dialects but
why does bat mean “night swallow” (gauainara) in some dialects and “old mouse” (sagusar/xaguxar) in others jhgfdfvgh
also why does weasel mean “beautiful woman” (anddereder) in some dialects and “BREAD AND CHEESE” (ogitagastai) IN OTHERS
wait i discovered why gfghjk apparently it’s paniqueso/paniquesa (bread and cheese in spanish) in parts of aragón too bc of the offerings to weasels in pagan times?
forgot to add the source but it’s the academy of the basque language (euskaltzaindia) as always, specifically the atlas of local ways of speaking and the euskara ibiltaria project
also, for etymologies of the word weasel:
“ogitagastai”, used in most of bizkaia, means “bread and cheese” in basque, probably bc of the offerings to weasels in pagan times, as well as “panikesa” in the town of mezkiritz in northeastern navarre, which is basically “paniquesa” spelled in basque, from spanish “pan y queso” (also bread and cheese). paniquesa is also used in spanish from aragón and in aragonese.
EDIT: the name above might be bc people used bread and cheese as a way of keeping off weasels from lambs! source (thank you @beautiful-basque-country for pointing it out!)
“mustela/mustera” in the bizkaian northeast is the latin name for the weasel, mustela nivalis
“satandera”, used in the central towns of the deba valley in western gipuzkoa, as well as “xatandre” in the town of jaurrieta, in northeastern navarre, come from the prefix “sa(t)-” and “andera/andre/etc”, which means “woman” or “lady”. the prefix “sa(t)-” is also used in words like “sator” (mole), “sagarroi” (hedgehog) and “sagu” (mouse), but i wouldn’t know what it means exactly
“erbiñure”, used in most of gipuzkoa and northern navarre, comes from “inude” (wet nurse). it’s telling me that the word “comadreja” meant both “weasel” and “wet nurse” in spanish but i don’t know how accurate that info is because i can’t find “comadreja” with the meaning of “wet nurse”, i’ve only hear the word “nodriza”. it could be possible that “comadreja” (weasel) came from “comadre” (midwife)?
“añiñer”, “anddereder” and variations mean “beautiful woman/lady”. i guess we’ll never know why jhgfdfgh
“beleta” is a basque version of the french word for weasel, “belette”, which, according to wiktionary, comes from gaulish “*bela”, and further from proto-indoeuropean “*bʰel-“, but it’s not too clear whether that meant “weasel” in those languages or not. and the academy of the basque language tells me that it comes from the french “belle” (beautiful) so like. idk
greetings in basque dialects / agurrak euskalkietan
from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the whole word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town
greetings in standard basque as reference:
egun on - good day
eguerdi on - good midday
arratsalde/arrasti on - good afternoon
iluntze on - good evening
gabon - good night
8 am / 8:00
12 pm / 12:00
2 pm / 14:00
4pm / 16:00
8 pm / 20:00
10 pm / 22:00
“to carry” or “to take” in basque dialects / “eraman” aditza euskalkietan
maps taken from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the whole word lists and audio from each town. for the sake of clarity, i will refer to the subject as “he/she” and the object as “it”, but it could be any combination thereof
1. Eraman [+ iragana, hark-hura] (he/she carried it; he/she was carrying it)
2. Eraman [+ iragana, nik-hura] (I carried it; I was carrying it)
3. Eraman [+ oraina, haiek-hura] (they carry it; they are carrying it)
4. Eraman [+ oraina, zuek-hura] (you (plural) carry it; you (plural) are carrying it)
5. Eraman [+ oraina, hark-hura] (he/she carries it; he/she is carrying it)
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 3/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Ulmus glabra (wych elm, zumar hostozabal) (x)
2. Salix viminalis (common osier, zume jator / mihimen) (x)
3. Cornus mas (European cornel, zuhandor ar) (x)
4. Abies alba (European silver fir, izei zuri) (x)
5. Larix decidua (European larch, alertze/laritz europar) (x)
6. Taxus baccata (English yew, hagin arrunt) (x)
7. Alnus glutinosa (black alder, haltz beltz/arrunt) (x)
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 2/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Populus nigra (black poplar, makal beltz) (x)
2. Betula celtiberica / Betula pubescens subsp. celtiberica (hairy birch, urki iletsu) (x)
3. Acer campestre (field maple, astigar arrunt) (x)
4. Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust, sasiakazia) (x)
5. Tilia cordata (small-leaved linden, ezki hostotxiki) (x)
6. Salix alba (white willow, sahats zuri) (x)
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 1/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Fraxinus excelsior (European ash, lizar arrunt) (x)
2. Fagus sylvatica (European beech, pago arrunt) (x)
3. Quercus robur (European oak, haritz kandudun) (x)
4. Quercus pyrenaica (Pyrenean oak, ametz arrunt) (x)
5. Quercus ilex (holly oak, arte) (x)
6. Populus tremula (Eurasian aspen, lertxun) (x)
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 3/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Ulmus glabra (wych elm, zumar hostozabal) (x)
2. Salix viminalis (common osier, zume jator / mihimen) (x)
3. Cornus mas (European cornel, zuhandor ar) (x)
4. Abies alba (European silver fir, izei zuri) (x)
5. Larix decidua (European larch, alertze/laritz europar) (x)
6. Taxus baccata (English yew, hagin arrunt) (x)
7. Alnus glutinosa (black alder, haltz beltz/arrunt) (x)
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 2/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Populus nigra (black poplar, makal beltz) (x)
2. Betula celtiberica / Betula pubescens subsp. celtiberica (hairy birch, urki iletsu) (x)
3. Acer campestre (field maple, astigar arrunt) (x)
4. Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust, sasiakazia) (x)
5. Tilia cordata (small-leaved linden, ezki hostotxiki) (x)
6. Salix alba (white willow, sahats zuri) (x)
mallorquí catalan vocabulary
i just love the balearic dialect and specifically the mallorquí subdialect, so i decided to make a list with words in mallorquí, central catalan and english!
some of these might be used in other dialects, but not often. to be fair I'm not very knowledgeable about catalan linguistics and dialectology, but these words do differ from what I heard in the Barcelona area:
al·lot, al·lota (noi, noia) - boy, girl horabaixa (tarda) - afternoon moix (gat) - cat ca (gos) - dog doblers (diners) - money saïm (llard) - lard xerrar (parlar) - to talk berenar (esmorzar) - breakfast grumer (medusa) - jellyfish gracis (gràcies) - thank you es, sa, es, ses (el, la, els, les) - the noltros (nosaltres) - we, us
source: i have mallorcan friends
L’aragonès, una llengua minoritzada en vies de recuperació
jorge pueyo talks about the problems that aragonese faces to become a co-official language. if youre interested in minority and minoritized languages, i think this is something interesting to watch (he talks in aragonese the entire time too!)
hi everyone! today we're looking at quiteño spanish (from the city of quito, ecuador, in case you weren't familiar with the word) and some of its phonological features. these are just allophones of different phonemes, so remember, they don't change meaning, they just sound different. i've experienced these in person, but i do have sources to back them up and make sure i'm not losing my mind. i'll try to include the description with ipa and a description for those who don't know ipa :) let's take a look:
velarization of /n/ into [ŋ] in word final position: this means n's at the end of words are pronounced like ng's. it's super easy to hear in words like también and bien, pronounced like tambieng and bieng. but it happens everywhere, here's some examples from one study: <vacilación> [ba.si.la.sįóŋ], <reiniciaban> [rej.ni.sia.βaŋ], and <millón de personas> [mi.žóŋ.de.per.só.nas].
/f/ becomes [ɸ]: when you pronounce the sound /f/, just like in english, you make it by touching your top teeth and your bottom lips. to make this new sound, [ɸ], try pronouncing an f just with your two lips. for example: <farol> is pronounced like [Фa.ról]. some studies say this is generalized, while one says that it's only in word initial positions, with words like <afuera> being pronounced like [a.fųé.ra].
sonorization of /s/ into [z] in word final position before a vowel or voiced consonant: all s's are pronounced like english z's when they're at the end of the word and the next word starts with a vowel or a voiced consonant.. this is how you can differentiate <has sido> [a.sí.đo] and <has ido> [a.zí.đo], because only in the second case the /s/ becomes a [z]. take a look as well at <mis amigos>: [mi.za.mí.γos] and <pocos minutos> [pó.koz.mi.nú.tos]
addition of /n/ to the end of 3rd person imperative forms with the reflexive pronoun: the words <acérquense>, <siéntense>, and <pónganse>, for example, are prononued as acérquensen, siéntensen, and póngansen. one source said that this applies to all pronouns attached to imperatives (so for <espéreme>, it would sound like espéremen) but this isn't something i can confirm having heard. gotta ask an expert
addition of /f/ to some words: this one isn't really a phonological change to a word itself but the addition of another word: according to what i've been told, pues becomes ps which becomes fs which becomes f. so you'll hear things like sífff, de leyfff, de unafff. this addition of pues to has a lot to do with the habit of "softening" speech and is something the kichwa language does a lot. it's also the reason the diminutive is used so indiscriminately in ecuadorian speech -- the ways formality is coded into kichwa become reflected in ecuadorian spanish in the sierra
and that's all for today! i hope you learned something cool!!! thanks for reading <3
trees in basque dialects / zuhaitzak euskalkietan: part 1/3
maps from euskaltzaindia’s euskararen herri hizkeren atlasa. if you click on the links you’ll be able to see the complete word lists and the phonetic transcription from each town!
i’ll give the name of each species in latin, english and standard basque.
1. Fraxinus excelsior (European ash, lizar arrunt) (x)
2. Fagus sylvatica (European beech, pago arrunt) (x)
3. Quercus robur (European oak, haritz kandudun) (x)
4. Quercus pyrenaica (Pyrenean oak, ametz arrunt) (x)
5. Quercus ilex (holly oak, arte) (x)
6. Populus tremula (Eurasian aspen, lertxun) (x)
Greko and Griko both spoken by the "Calabrian Greeks" are both timeless testaments to the ancient Greeks' colonization of southern Italy.
if you understand catalan, a very complete article to read about the past and current problems and situation of aragonese
L'estat de l'aragonès: de la transmissió generacional trencada a l'esperança de l'Acadèmia Aragonesa de la Llengua