Lesbians In Abusive Intimate Partner Relationships. @intimatepartnerrelationships - Tumblr Blog

There is a greater impact of the stereotypes that have to do with gender roles especially in a same-sex relationship

There is a greater impact of the stereotypes that have to do with gender roles especially in a same-sex relationship. When their relationships with their peers change it impacts the way they act around people around them and in turn could limit social interaction for fear of being open about their sexuality and getting the same treatment they did before. Drawn upon research done it shows that 25-33% of LGBT relationships are abusive, this is similar to that of heterosexual couples, they are undetected as well as unreported allowing for the abuse to continue and to escalate this further proves that there is not sufficient evidence to prove that heterosexual relationships that experience domestic violence and homosexual relationships that experience it differ in many ways, and that they are in fact very similar. There are stereotypical ideals that are hidden in regards to same-sex intimate partner violence such as the idea that “women don’t hurt each other”. This is something that is untrue. Women are just as capable or horrendous actions as that of men who are usually thought of committing these types of acts. This article talks about the different tactics used against these women to keep them submissive such as “outing” the victim to their friends and family. This is scary because it can impact the victim’s life by changing how their coworkers, friends, and family view them causing the victim to further isolate themselves putting them in more danger. Even if a victim finds the courage to stand up to their abuser police and counseling services do not always provide the proper support or concern in order to help the victim escape their abuser, creating limited resources for them to turn to. In the Article titled, “The Impact of Gender Stereotypes on Legal Perceptions of Lesbian Intimate Partner Violence” is dangerous and harms many women involved in same sex partnerships that are abusive. In this study that was examined they had undergraduate students read a trial summary where the defendant in the case was charged with having physically assaulted her partner. In the study that was done results varied due to how each woman involved in the trial was perceived, for example whether the woman was seen as “feminine” or “masculine”. The results showed that whether each student saw the defendant or the victim as feminine or masculine determined who was responsible for the assault. The participants who were female stated that a victim who was seen as more masculine was believable than a victim who was seen as feminine if the person accused of assaulting the victim was masculine. The women also stated that if the victim was masculine and the defendant was masculine they were more likely to put the blame on the masculine defendant but if the defendant was feminine they were less likely to put blame on her for the assault. If the undergraduate student was a male, they were able to sympathize with a masculine defendant than a feminine victim but ultimately they would feel more anger towards a masculine female defendant in comparison to a defendant who was seen as more feminine. This shows a portion of how there are stereotypes and gender roles placed on a same-sex partnership among lesbians. It is hard for these women to come out and be open about their abuse if they feel because of how they look they will not be deemed truthful and that is not justice. People make assumptions based on appearance to determine who is the abuser and who the victim is and this creates a prejudiced system to protect abusers or keep Lesbian Domestic violence in the dark. In an article titled,“Addressing Intimate Partner Violence in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients”, discusses the statistics behind Lesbian domestic violence. The National Violence Against Women survey found 35.4% of women in a same-sex partnership reported a history of experiencing physical abuse sometime in their lives. LGBT individuals that attempt to access services to help Intimate Partner Violence are limited and shelter services for them are rare. Gender roles play a part in how society will protect the rights of Lesbians, and whether or not justice will actually be served in domestic violence cases or if they will just continue to happen because of the predisposed ideas that society has against masculine and feminine looking women. (via intimatepartnerrelationships)

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intimatepartnerrelationships

Intimate Partner Violence is by definition physical violence, sexual violence, stalking and also psychological aggression that can be pointed towards a current intimate partner or one that someone has previously had.

In relation to the question “Are Lesbians in Intimate Partner Relationships that involve Domestic Violence Seen To Be More Manipulative and Controlling than Heterosexual Couples?” I feel as though Domestic Violence is not fully seen as significant in today’s society by both the heterosexual community and the LGBT community. First, people have to understand what Intimate Partner Violence is and how it can impact someone. Intimate Partner Violence is by definition physical violence, sexual violence, stalking and also psychological aggression that can be pointed towards a current intimate partner or one that someone has previously had. Furthermore knowing this definition something else that must be explained more in depth would be what each of those categories entails when looking at a intimate partnership. Physical violence is described as someone intentionally using physical force with the possibility of causing death, injury, a disability,or harm in general. Examples of physical violence are scratching; pushing; shoving; throwing; grabbing; hitting; slapping; and choking. These aren’t all the possibilities but a large portion of what counts as physical violence. Sexual violence is put into five different categories in order to define it such as: rape or penetration of the victim, victim was made to penetrate someone else, non-physically pressured unwanted penetration, unwanted sexual contact, and non-contact unwanted sexual experiences. Sexual violence is an important factor in terms of how domestic violence plays out in intimate partner relationships. Stalking is something individuals are able to experience and it happens when unwanted attention or contact even that enacts fear in someone else and makes them feel concerned for their well being or the well being of someone else. Psychological Aggression is another form of intimate partner violence, and it is verbal as well as non-verbal communication that is meant to harm someone on an emotional and mental level in a way that exerts control over the partner in the relationship. People are afraid to come out for fear of how the LGBT Community will be viewed and how law enforcement will treat them. Society sees Domestic Violence among Lesbians than they do when comparing violence to a heterosexual couple. The idea that women are not able to be manipulative and controlling the way men are able to be is something that needs to be looked into to determine if women are just as capable of doing the same things that men are associated with when thinking of domestic violence and why women are not seen to be this way and when they are abusive how different the abuse they carry out is from other relationship dynamics. There is no evidence that men and women in heterosexual relationships and lesbian relationships differ dramatically in how abuse is handled in a relationship. (via intimatepartnerrelationships)

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Citations

B. (2016). Motion picture. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpf0dbF0CFk.

Dating Violence In LGBTQ Communities | Health Promotion ... (2015). Retrieved October 22, 2016, from https://www.brown.edu/campus-life/health/services/promotion/sexual-assault-dating-violence-how-help-friend/dating-violence-lgbtq-communities

Domestic Violence in Lesbian Relationships. (n.d.). Retrieved November 2, 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_lesbian_relationships

Intimate Partner Violence: Definitions. (2016). Retrieved December 04, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/intimatepartnerviolence/definitions.html

Shwayder, M. (2013, November 5). A Same-Sex Domestic Violence Epidemic Is Silent - The Atlantic. Retrieved October 22, 2016, from http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/11/a-same-sex-domestic-violence-epidemic-is-silent/281131/

Smith, T. (Director). (2015, August 15). Smoke [Video file]. In Youtube. Retrieved October 20, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncLqsV3Gj4M&t=321s

Why Do Women Use Force or Violence in Intimate Partner Relationships? (n.d.). Retrieved October 25, 2016, from http://ncadv.org/files/Why Women Use Force or Violence in Intimate Partner Relationships.pdf

Women & Therapy. (n.d.). Retrieved November 19, 2016, from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1300/J015v23n03_08

Wasarhaley, N. E., Lynch, K. R., Golding, J. M., & Renzetti, C. M. (2015, May 18). Sign In - jiv.sagepub.com. Retrieved October 22, 2016, from http://jiv.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/05/18/0886260515586370.full

#citationsondomesticviolence #pageseven

In conclusion, there are many factors that come into play when determining how society as a whole creates this sense of isolation for victims who needs to get out of an abusive relationship, especially lesbian women. There are limited places/people for these women to talk to in order to no longer be the victim or no longer be the abuser. Erasure of homosexuality in domestic violence shelters not only tells victims that yes they deserve help but also telling them they can’t find it there because of their sexuality creates this sense of internalized homophobia. Children and families are put at risk because these victims are limited in not just their resources but limited in getting the help they need and having others believe them. They can’t leave if financially they feel trapped and controlled to stay in their abusive relationship. There needs to be more than a deeper understanding of why this happens but how to prevent it and to create support for these victims and positive Lesbian role models in order to show what healthy and happy relationships look like. The reason that domestic violence among lesbian couples is ignored is because of the social construct gender roles. Women are seen as soft, nurturing, emotional, and needing a protector in order to keep them safe. There are many reasons that these women are controlling and manipulative and although there is no justification in it there are still reasons for why these women do what they do to their partners in abusive intimate partner relationships and there is no evidence showing that lesbians are more controlling and manipulative than someone who was in a heterosexual relationship. In reality this is untrue but this is still the societal depiction of women. Because of prejudice, homophobia, and discrimination society tends to believe in the idea that being gay/lesbian or anything else that falls into the LGBTQIA community puts you outside of the norm and that being a heterosexual is the norm. The norm for domestic violence has mostly been between a male and a female. In the lesbian community there is a greater fear of abuse but that the negativity that comes along with that image of the community showing people that this is truly what happens when same-sex couples are together furthering their discrimination in society. In order for domestic violence to be overcome we as a society have to find the similarities between intimate partner violence and heterosexual domestic violence in order to prove that the two are not different and just as important as one another. We need to start studies that show the prevalence of intimate partner violence in the Lesbian community and stop limiting the amount of information we have on lesbian domestic violence. Not every lesbian is out and comfortable with their sexuality making the types of data that is collected almost biased towards the idea that there is a low rate of domestic violence in the community which is not the case it is simply that society deems homophobia as something that is justifiable creating this sense of ignorance to the problem.

#conclusionondomesticviolence #pagesix

Fusion is a fairly new term used to describe a leading cause in terms of domestic violence in terms of how it is dangerous.

Fusion is a fairly new term used to describe a leading cause in terms of domestic violence in terms of how it is dangerous. Both partners attempt to become closer and stay together despite the overwhelming odds of splitting up and this creates the fear and desperation that if one partner leaves they become filled with “murderous rage” and destructive and this brings more consequences to the relationship. (Women & Therapy) Each partner sees distance or change as a threat to their partner and this creates an air of violence that becomes increased. The whole point of staying together is to “defy societal odds” and in turn just hurts both partners than helps. Dependency is a factor to Domestic Violence, there needs to be a balance between separateness and connection. In 1986 it was found by research that the dependency of one in a same-sex relationship led to conflict and that separation increased domestic violence. (Women & Therapy) It was hypothesized from data gathered by researchers that Lesbians who reported using violent tactics when in conflict with their partner were more likely to be dependent on their partner. Self-esteem is another factor in domestic violence whether it have to do with the abuser or the victim. Most times the abuser has lower self-esteem and takes their insecurities out on their partner, this is not always the case but those that reported being the abuser identified with having lower self-esteem. (Women & Therapy)

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#smokevideo #pagetwo

In a video that titled “Smoke” created by Tom Smith was about a same-sex Lesbian couple where one of the women in the relationship was being abused by her partner.

In a video that titled “Smoke” created by Tom Smith was about a same-sex Lesbian couple where one of the women in the relationship was being abused by her partner. Both women in the relationship were what societal standards would deem as “Feminine” not falling into the heteronormative stereotypes that depict domestic violence occurs from only men or those that assume a “masculine” role in a relationship when in reality this is not something that is always true. This video portrays the type of domestic abuse that is more common but society thinks that is actually less common. You have one person (the abuser) who financially supports the victim and dictates what she is allowed to do and the dynamics to their relationship. The victim is also dependent on the abuser to fulfill her attention needs.

Domestic abuse is common in some relationships because the abuser or the victim have been a part of that lifestyle since they were kids and it is seen as something that is normal. In this video the abuser is also shown to have a drinking problem causing her aggression towards her partner to become extremely violent. There is shouting, grabbing, hitting, and degradation. The aggressive partner demands things from her partner and puts her down to feel as though what is happening is her fault and that the reason she is at fault and the abuse is justified. Once Molly opens up about her abuse to her brother she fears leaving her partner and that because she loves her she cannot leave her. These are common characteristics that come about in relationships experiencing domestic violence. Ashley blames her aggression on her parents and her drinking and in turn you can see that she is the one in the relationship that is the most dependent between the two, and this dependency turn into fear of losing control in the relationship. Ashley says to Charlie “I can change, you can’t take Molly away from me” seeing as Molly is property being taken away from her and this results in her begging and pleading with both Charlie and Molly that she will change out of fear of losing her. (Smoke)

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The reasoning for violence in Lesbian Relationships are similar to to those that are in abusive heterosexual relationships although they don’t have the same power dynamics and internalized misogyny that those relationships have,control is still a large factor in understanding why Domestic violence occurs in same-sex relationships. (Women & Therapy) The abusers in the relationships believe that controlling the relationship is an effective way of achieving what they want out of their relationship. Dependency of one partner on the other occurs in abusive relationships because it gives the abuser more power over the relationship itself and it dictates the action of the partner that lacks the power, and loss of that power or control may also lead to the increase of domestic violence. (Women & Therapy) Research indicated that in 1991 it was reported that in a non-random self selected sample of lesbian participants 51% of those women reported having experienced some form of abuse by a female partner and 30% of the women in the study admitted to being the abuser in a past relationship. Sexual coercion is also seen as part of domestic violence and a study done by researchers found that 31% of participants in a study had fallen victim to having been forced or coerced into having sex by their current or most recent partner, and this was researched in 1989. There is in fact insufficient evidence to indicate the actual number of lesbians who are victims of Domestic violence each year. (Women & Therapy) Every relationship that experiences domestic violence has similar patterns in how the abuser and the victim go about the relationship. There are many factors that play into why they occur and they are not that different from that of a heterosexual relationship or between two gay men. The only difference would be in that it is a relationship between two women. This video attempted to portray the abuse that can and does occur between Lesbians and that the abuse is dangerous and can be extremely harmful to the safety of the victim. There are no gender roles that need to be involved in order for abuse to occur. Domestic violence done by women and men follow different patterns in terms of how the victims are impacted. When women are the abuser in the relationship their violence is less frequent than that of men and the impact of their violence isn’t as severe as when men do it. Domestic violence between same-sex couples and heterosexual couples are similar and happen close to the same rate. The NCADV states that in a study done they recognized a rate of 2%5-33% of domestic violence happening among same-sex couples. Lesbian battering is not too different from that of heterosexual battering the only added factor would be internalized homophobia and the fear of outward homophobia as well as the lack of resources for victims to turn to. This not only proves but shows society that in reality Lesbian battering and domestic abuse is no different than the typical ideals they have when thinking about domestic violence. The patterns are the same what occurs and how it occurs is similar. More importantly the “why does this occur?” question is the same making this something that can be studied and/or prevented.

#aretheythesameasheterosexualrelationships?#pagefive

Domestic Partner abuse in Lesbian relationships is an epidemic that is not regarded as significant in today’s society.

Domestic Partner abuse in Lesbian relationships is an epidemic that is not regarded as significant in today’s society. It is seen as something that should be hidden and seen as a problem that should be kept quiet. It is more common than people think that it is, and it is an epidemic as prevalent as domestic abuse among heterosexual couples. There are limited resources for these individuals to turn to if they try and seek help in order to escape their cycle of abuse. Domestic Violence is not fully regarded as significant in society because we still see women as non-threatening and incapable to being aggressive and this backwards way of thinking is harming many women and keeping them victims to intimate partner violence. Gender roles play a significant part in why women in a same-sex partnership are viewed/treated differently than their partners most times. The lack of knowledge related to this topic sets the precedent for why it is not being seen and acted on. Domestic Abuse in same-sex relationships occur for many reasons and is different for everyone but generally have the same patterns that occur when looking at why the abuse is happening. In the Article “Domestic Violence in Lesbian Relationships” therapists and researchers focused on predicting domestic violence in Lesbian Relationships, by having participants that identified as Lesbians fill out a survey that measured physical violence and aggression as well as their personalities. (Women & Therapy) The survey indicated that these participants reported domestic violence and measured it by aggression rather than physical violence. The definition of lesbian battering is “the pattern of violence and coercive behaviors whereby a lesbian seeks to control the thoughts, beliefs or conduct of her intimate partner or to punish the intimate for resisting the perpetrator’s control over her”. (Women & Therapy) Lesbian relationships are assumed to be free from the power dynamics that are mostly seen in heterosexual relationships. (Women & Therapy) because there is no male that is attempting to be the source of power dynamics, but do not escape the patterns of domestic abuse that is similarly found in heterosexual relationships that experience domestic violence.

#stereotypesinlesbianrelationships #pagefour

The most common types of intimate partner violence are physical and emotional. Economic abuse is also a form of abuse that can take place in these types of relationships, but the most common form of abuse that was found was slapping, creating psychological abuse. Sexual violence in lesbian relationships were seen as high as 55% and lesbians are seen as being less likely to use physical force or physical threats in comparison to gay men. The lack of societal role models for women to look up to and see that there are healthy lesbian relationships puts a strain on the validation that these women need about their relationships, especially in a society that still has bias when it comes to how we see same-sex relationships. We need increased support systems for these women. Having a lack of people to turn to because of homophobia creates isolation especially when these victims are not comfortable with their sexuality, making them less likely to seek help.According to the NCADV (The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence) Women are more likely than men to be a victim of partner abuse by a spouse, partner, ex-partner, boyfriend, or a girlfriend. Women are able to be seen as a victim or the aggressor in an intimate partnership. Women often use violence as a means of protecting themselves in situations where they felt that they were in danger or need to find justice because of a previous assault done by an aggressor. The NCADV states that the use of violence among women is more than likely in correlation to the lack of resources that society has in place for women of domestic violence to receive any type of support. There are two types of violent motivations when looking at domestic violence cases. Such as, the use of force being physical, verbal, and emotional, are important behaviors to look at because it is seen as more short-term in control and abusive situations. In a case of battering there is greater control and cause for intimidation of the victim involved in the situation as to oppress the victim and instill fear for the victim to stay. This happens more often in long-term relationships.

#whatisdomesticviolence #pagetwo

Are Lesbians in Intimate Partner Relationships that involve Domestic Violence Seen To Be More Manipulative and Controlling than Heterosexual Couples?

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