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A dedicated attorney with more than a decade of legal experience, Jeffrey Douglas Kaliel serves as a partner at Kaliel PLLC, in Washington, DC. In this capacity, he works as a class action litigator, primarily representing plaintiffs. Over the years, Jeffrey Douglas Kaliel has developed extensive experience in consumer class action suits, particularly those within the financial services sector, thanks to his representation of plaintiffs in lawsuits against such financial systems as Bank of America and Capital One. Mr. Kaliel’s journey to law began in 2000 after he graduated summa cum laude from Amherst College with a bachelor’s degree in political science. He subsequently spent a year at Cambridge University in England studying philosophy, and served in the second Iraq war in 2003. A former staff sergeant in the United States Army, Mr. Kaliel returned to school and earned a law degree from Yale Law School in 2005 before going into legal practice. Since then, Mr. Kaliel has worked in several legal areas. A former special assistant U.S. attorney in California, he has experience prosecuting crimes related to the border, and was part of the legal team responsible for investigating federal response after Hurricane Katrina. In regards to class action lawsuits, he has handled both state-specific and nationwide cases that protect the public. These cases have been resolved both in court and via out-of-court settlements.

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A Look at Dispositive Motions

A class action litigator and partner at Kaliel PLLC in Washington, D.C., Jeff Kaliel has a wealth of experience in the consumer financial…

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Elements of Class Actions

A class action is a lawsuit in which a group of aggrieved people come together to seek redress from the court against a defendant. For instance, if an insurance company denies coverage to a group of customers, they might decide to take a class action against the insurance company. However, for the court to permit a class action lawsuit, there are specific elements it considers.

First, the court considers numerosity. The element of numerosity describes a situation where the aggrieved parties are so many or large in number that it would be unrealistic to make all of them parties to a suit instituted by a single person. The court will consider how possible it is to join all the plaintiffs in an existing suit. If this is not possible, the court will allow a class action.

Also, commonality is an essential element in class action lawsuits. Here, the court will determine if a clear and identifiable class has been affected by a common set of facts that similar legal standards can determine.

Further, the court determines whether the class has adequate representation. Adequate representation means that the individual representing the class has the legal standing to represent them without the likelihood of any conflict of interest.

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Three Types of Class Actions

Class action is a form of litigation in which individuals with similar grievances or seeking similar redress against the same plaintiff pool resources together to initiate legal proceedings against the plaintiff as a class. Class actions can be categorized based on the kind of redress that the various parties seeking the action seek. For a class action to be permissible, the party seeking redress must have been aggrieved similarly.

Consumer protection class actions are one of the most common types. These actions might happen when companies violate consumer protection laws to protect their customers. Consumer protection laws often cover credit records, communication services, and telemarketing.

Antitrust class actions are also common types of class actions. Like consumer protection class actions, antitrust class actions seek to protect consumers, but about overpricing, agreements to segment market share attempts to eliminate competition, and price fixing.

Environmental class actions are class actions in which people collectively affected by environmental pollution seek redress before the court. For instance, a group of people who live adjacent to an industry that constantly pollutes the air or water might present an environmental class action to mitigate the environmental impact of such an industry.

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Upholding Consumer Rights through Collective Legal Action

Consumer protection laws shield people from unethical business activities, including deception, ambiguous pricing, and undisclosed fees. These laws ensure transparency and empower individuals lacking information to make informed decisions. If entities do break consumer protection laws, individuals can have the right to pursue class action litigation.

Collective lawsuits represent a broad group subjected to similar circumstances. Individual claims often involve minimal damages, making solo litigation economically unviable; the cumulative compensation of aggregated lawsuits can justify the legal recourse. Class actions enable consumers to challenge corporate malpractice and streamline the judicial process by resolving common issues concurrently, conserving resources for all stakeholders.

Organizations focused on consumer advocacy leverage class actions to champion citizen interests and uphold rights where regulatory oversight may fall short. These entities address oversight gaps that stem from limited resources in government agencies. Consumer advocacy organizations complement and bolster enforcement efforts by pursuing litigation against violations that regulatory bodies cannot challenge directly.

Common class action lawsuits encompass products, services, and issues pervading daily life. Cases frequently involve misleading advertising, product defects, health risks, data infractions, deceptive practices, and breaches of state and federal statutes that safeguard consumers, such as those governing credit reports and lending transparency.

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Initiating a Class Action Lawsuit

A class action lawsuit comprises numerous similar claims against a defendant. A smaller group of named plaintiffs represents the affected class, and the final resolution redresses all harmed individuals through a settlement or court decision.

Satisfying certain prerequisites is vital for cases to qualify as class action. An identifiable group of plaintiffs have suffered comparable harm due to the defendant's alleged misconduct. Clear, objective criteria must exist to determine class membership. Legal questions that the court can resolve must apply to all members. The named representatives must adequately represent the interests of absent class members, and counsel must appropriately advocate for the entire class.

To initiate a class action, the plaintiffs consult a class action attorney to file a complaint detailing the alleged misconduct and legal grounds. The court determines if the case meets the class action requirements. The class size should render individual lawsuits impractical and demonstrate that the harms experienced by a representative mirror those of the class members. If the court finds that the action satisfies these criteria, it may certify it and automatically include members in the lawsuit unless they opt out.

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What Is Class Counsel?

Class counsel is an attorney or attorney who handles a lawsuit on behalf of multiple entities. For the court to approve the class council, it must ascertain that the attorneys possess the necessary skills, expertise in class action law, and sufficient resources to manage a class action lawsuit.

If any class members have questions about the lawsuit or settlement terms, the attorneys must respond and offer guidance on the appropriate action. The legal team serving as class counsel advocates for the primary plaintiff and bears fiduciary responsibility for the welfare of all class members.

The class representative should have a basic understanding of the legal proceedings, but they don't need to be knowledgeable about every detail of the case. The lawyers will ensure that the representatives are updated about significant occurrences, thereby fulfilling their obligation.

Class counsel are not entitled to any preferential treatment beyond what other members of the class may receive. Upon the resolution of class action cases, the court frequently grants supplementary remuneration to the class counsel to acknowledge their extended dedication and labor in pursuing the lawsuit against unlawful activities.

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New Challenges in Overdraft Class Action Lawsuits

In 2021 and 2022, many banks reduced/eliminated their overdraft fees in response to pressures from regulators and lawmakers. In addition to these pressures, consumers are driving new legal challenges that will force financial institutions to address their overdraft policies.

While many banks have reduced or removed overdraft fees, 91 percent of financial institutions still charge customers for overdrafts. In 2021, the fees cost customers, on average, $33.58, but in 2023, the price dropped to $ 26.61 on average.

Having addressed overdraft fee amounts, financial institutions are facing new challenges related to overdraft fees, including charging multiple fees for the same transaction. Class action litigation in the last few years is related to banks charging usury rates and overdraft fees when sufficient funds were in the account. Other cases involve banks basing additional overdraft transfer fees as a part of overdraft protection services, in addition to customers facing higher interest rates after they transfer money from credit cards to their accounts to cover the insufficient funds.

Other suits include banks charging customers with multiple accounts for an overdraft on one account related to another account that was overdrafted. Finally, some cases are linked to a bank accurately stating overdraft practices in its agreement. Still, their opt-in notices are not compliant with Regulation E of the Electronic Funds Transfer Act. Consumers are suing even if federal regulators approve the bank’s opt-in form.

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Brief Overview of the Differences Between Mass Torts and Class Actions

Washington, DC-based Attorney Jeffrey Douglas Kaliel launched Kaliel PLLC in 2017. Through this boutique law firm, Jeffrey Douglas Kaliel an

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Limitation Statute in a Class Action

An accomplished class action litigator with over 15 years of experience in the legal field, Jeff Kaliel has served as a partner at Kaliel PLLC in Washington, D.C. At this boutique law firm, Jeff Kaliel and his colleagues represent plaintiffs in personal injury and consumer class action cases.

In a class action, multiple plaintiffs file a lawsuit against one or more defendants for a similar pattern of injuries. Class members have a limited time to initiate legal action against the defendant, which is called the statute of limitation. Often, the statute of limitation begins when harm or injury occurs.

Tolling is the period of time during which the statute of limitations is paused or suspended. In a class action lawsuit, the statute of limitations for absent class members can be suspended by law or policy for a certain period of time. The filing of the class action triggers this tolling period, protecting class members' claims against named defendants that are included in the lawsuit.

A class member's absence does not automatically trigger tolling, and the decision as to whether the statute of limitation will be extended on their behalf is up to the court. Courts generally honor tolling for absent members.

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An Overview of Super Lawyers Rising Star and the Selection Process

An award-winning class action attorney, Jeff Kaliel is a respected presence within the legal community. A partner at Kaliel PLLC, he served in the armed forces. Jeff Kaliel was among the Washington D.C. Rising Stars Super Lawyers 2015.

Super Lawyers is a professional rating service that seeks to recognize exemplary lawyers from over 70 practice areas who have achieved the highest standards of professional achievement and peer recognition. To be recognized among the Rising Stars, a candidate should be 40 years or younger or have practiced law for 10 years or less.

The selection process for Rising Stars entails independent research, peer nominations, and peer evaluations. The annual rating aims to create a credible and comprehensive list of distinguished lawyers that can benefit professionals and consumers looking for legal experts.

Rising Stars selection process is similar to Super Lawyers selection as Rising Stars must go through the entire selection process. The process begins with a formal nomination process where lawyers in each state are requested to nominate colleagues they’ve seen excel in their practice areas.

After that, a Super Lawyers attorney-led research team conducts independent research on all potential candidates based on a set of 12 indicators that demonstrate professional achievement and peer recognition. Some indicators include experience, honors/awards, and special certifications/licenses.

Peer evaluation by practice area is then conducted, where candidates with the highest points from the nomination and independent research stages are requested to serve on a blue ribbon panel. Panelists get a list of candidates from their respective legal areas for a rating of one to five. Lastly, the final selection is made by grouping top candidates from each practice category to create a final list.

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Pre-Settlement Funding for Class Action Lawsuits

The recipient of a JD from Yale Law School, Jeff Kaliel has successfully represented clients in state and federal class action lawsuits, including several cases involving financial services organizations. Jeff Kaliel serves as a partner with Kaliel PLLC, in Washington, D.C., where he represents plaintiffs in class action suits.

Injured class members in a class action lawsuit may be unable to pay medical bills and other relevant expenses before their case reaches settlement. These people can get consumer legal funding for their class action lawsuit. Lawsuit funding firms grant these cash advances. Note that legal funding, in this context, is not synonymous with a loan. Class action members won't have to pay back the money if they lose the case.

Consumer legal funding in a class action is a type of pre-settlement funding, which is why only a fraction of the expected settlement is receivable upfront. Typically, the fraction is 20 percent of the anticipated settlement. This pre-settlement funding can be used for child care, medical bills, utilities, living expenses, and lost income replacement.

Unlike a bank loan, consumer legal funding for a class action lawsuit doesn't require bank statements, a credit score, proof of income, or collateral. Lenders solely focus on the strength of the lawsuit, and look forward to getting their money back with interest from a future settlement.

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How Is the Settlement from Class Action Suit Shared?

A longtime class action attorney, Jeff Kaliel is a partner at Kaliel PLLC. He primarily handles consumer class actions, especially in the banking and financial sector. Jeff Kaliel has won numerous cases and recovered millions of dollars in settlements for his clients.

When a single entity is liable for actions that affect many people, the victims can join up and file a case. The class action seeks a remedy for harm done to multiple people in a single action. The strength in numbers increases the chances of winning a settlement. However, given the number of people, the primary concern is the payout division.

The division criterion remains standard across the board-the lead plaintiff receives the percentage first. The lead plaintiff is the chief complainant or claimant of the class action and acts as the official representative of the other members in the class action suit process. The next in line is the attorney, who, working on a contingency basis, receives compensation for legal representation and other relevant costs. This amount, however, remains capped by the court at a reasonable amount. Lastly, other members of the class action share the remainder.

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About the Washington D.C Rising Stars Super Lawyers Selection Process

A graduate of Yale Law School, Jeff Kaliel is a partner at Kaliel PLLC in Washington D.C. An experienced class action attorney, Jeff Kaliel has won numerous settlements throughout his career, such as the Washington D.C Rising Stars Super Lawyers 2015 recognition.

Super Lawyers, a rating service for outstanding attorneys, selects the top lawyers in every state, including Washington, D.C., who have attained career achievement and peer recognition. The rating applies to over 70 practice areas in law. The service uses a patented selection process that combines peer nomination, independent research, and evaluation from peers.

The aggregated total earns the candidate recognition in the Washington D.C Super lawyer top list. For eligibility, a peer or a research department identifies and nominates the eligible candidate. The peers include colleagues at the candidates firm, matched by out-of-firm nominations. The latter carries more points. However, the candidates cannot nominate themselves.

An attorney-led research team undertakes a background and credentials check on the nominated candidates, focusing on professional competence, degree of peer recognition, credentials, and awards. Most information is available on private and public databases and resources such as publications.

More thorough research by super lawyers looks into verdicts, bar and professional activity, scholarly materials, special certifications, and community service. Each of the variables holds different points. The third step is the peer evaluation by practice area, where the highest point earners in the steps mentioned earlier sit on a panel, evaluate a list of candidates in their practice area, and rate them.

The final selection entails dividing the candidates into four firm-size categories. The candidates with the highest points total are selected, yielding five percent of the total lawyers in Washington D.C for inclusion in Super Lawyers and 2.5 percent for Rising Stars. The latter should be 40 years or younger.

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The Purpose of Class Certification in Class Action Lawsuits

An attorney in Washington, DC, Jeff Kaliel serves as a partner at Kaliel, PLLC, where he specializes in class action litigation with a focus on consumer financial services. Jeff Kaliel has a record of achieving class certification in numerous nationwide and state-specific class actions.

Class certification is a preliminary process in class action litigation in which the court uses the commonality of claims or issues for class validation. In class action litigation, the group of people (including the lead plaintiff) who file a lawsuit against the defendant or defendants is called a class.

For a class to become certified, all members must pass specific requirements. These requirements typically include numerosity (a large number of individuals that justifies the need for class action rather than single-plaintiff lawsuits) and commonality (members of the class must share a similar pattern of harm). The class must also have legal representatives--attorneys and members of the class (lead plaintiffs) who represent the interests of the class.

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Class Action Lawsuits - An Overview

Class action differs from the traditional lawsuit because it departs from the common law litigation model. Common law demands lawsuits brought by or on behalf of the wronged individual. However, in a class action lawsuit, an exception of one party versus another rule is made. Because class action lawsuits typically involve several plaintiffs suing a common defendant for the same wrong, the Supreme Court recognized representative suits where parties are too many to appear before the court.

A class action allows one or more plaintiffs to sue on behalf of a larger group (class). Because a class can have several thousands of individual plaintiffs, the courts use class action to manage lawsuits that would spiral out of control if each class member were to sue individually. By making each class member who has been wronged by a common defendant a named plaintiff, a class action suit streamlines the litigation process.

If you suspect you’re a candidate for a class action, here’s how to proceed. First, you must hire a law firm specializing in class action suits. Choose a firm with a track record of success and human and financial resources to advocate for several claimants. Your counsel would then start a class action suit by filing a complaint that names at least one claimant as a class representative, who, in turn, will file a lawsuit on behalf of the proposed class.

The class representative must obtain class certification by asking the court to recognize the suit as a class action and approve the proposed class. To get certified, the law firm and the class representative must show that there’s a sufficient legal claim against the defendant and prove that the class is large enough.

All known claimants are notified via direct mail if the lawsuit meets both requirements. Notice is sent through print media and the internet to ensure no one's left behind. Membership in the class is automatic, meaning all affected parties are enjoined in the lawsuit. However, some class members may choose to opt out of the case.

At this stage, the defendant might realize that the other side has a strong case and decide to negotiate a settlement. If not, the case proceeds to trial. Once in court, a judge or jury will decide the case. Once a verdict has been reached, all class members will be notified and allowed to opt out should they find the decision unfavorable. If the court awards a settlement and the opt-out period has passed, the law firm’s lead counsel will distribute the damages to eligible members together with the class representative.

Courts prefer class action suits because they are practical for everyone involved. Imagine if each Class member were to file a suit individually. That would mean they would have different witnesses, experts, and documents. A class action, however, uses the same witnesses, experts, and documents to prosecute a case on behalf of several plaintiffs. Besides, most individual cases do not carry enough damages to warrant the time and expenses involved in trying the case separately.

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The Consumer Protection Framework in Washington, DC

Consumer protection litigation is crucial to ensure that business owners adhere to ethical practices in the best interests of their customers. Over the years, the United States Congress and numerous state legislatures have drafted general and sector-specific laws to this end.

The District of Columbia’s primary consumer protection enactment is the Consumer Protection Procedures Act (CPPA). The attorney general for the District of Columbia administers the CPPA. As the starting point for consumer protection in Washington, DC, the CPPA broadly provides for the Department of Licensing and Consumer Protection and stipulates unfair or deceptive trade practices. In addition, the CPPA provides for the consumer complaint process and outlines the powers of inquiry of the attorney general.

Section 28-3901(a)(1) of the CPPA defines a person to include natural and artificial persons alike. Accordingly, firms, corporations, and partnerships come within the ambit of the term. Subsequently, Section 28-3901(a)(2)(A) defines a consumer as a person who does or intends to acquire, lease, or receive consumer goods or services or does or intends to furnish the economic demand for a trade practice. A trade practice, according to Section 28-3901(a)(6), is any act that does or is likely to produce, alter, or provide information about, or yield a sale, lease, or transfer, of consumer goods or services.

A wide range of acts constitutes unfair or deceptive trade practices under the CPPA. The preamble of Section 28-3904 of the CPPA says that the culpable acts need not have misled, deceived, or inflicted harm on a consumer. A person holding out a good or service as falsely having a certain source, sponsorship, approval, or certification, among other metrics, is an unfair or deceptive practice under Section 28-3904(a). Under Section 28-3904(c), a person falsely holding out a deteriorated or altered product as authentic or new is performing an unfair or deceptive practice. In addition, Section 28-3904(d) provides that falsely representing a good or service as being of a specific standard, quality, or grade stands as an unethical practice.

The CPPA requires complainants to file a written complaint with the Department of Licensing and Consumer Protection. The complaint must contain the alleged trade practice, the names and addresses of the complainant and respondent, and other details.

Further, the Debt Collection Law is the legislation on consumer protection in debt recovery matters in the District of Columbia. Section 28-3814(b)(2) of the Debt Collection Law defines debt collection as any action, conduct, or practice connected with the solicitation or collection of claims that a consumer actually or allegedly owes a seller or lender. Under Section 28-3814(c), the Law prohibits creditors and debt collectors from engaging in certain debt recovery acts that amount to threat, coercion, or attempted coercion. These include violent acts, threats of violent acts, false accusations, threats of false accusations, and arrest threats.

Consumers are obligated under Section 28-3814(j)(1) of the Debt Collection Law to prove by substantial evidence that a creditor or debt collector deliberately violated a provision of the law. Substantial proof makes a creditor or debt collector liable for all damages the violation proximately caused.