Fun Historical Filipino Facts About Sex and Gender
1) Only women could be spiritual leaders so there were instances of biological men dressing, living, and identifying as women in order to fill spiritual roles, even marrying men.
Nobody knows if they were 1) transwomen 2) a third gender or 3) the ancient equivalent of drag queens or 4) none of the above.
Records of them were written through the biased lens of early Spanish priests, so we don’t know. Filipino culture today and in ancient times points to being very binary, however, so that needs to be considered–but there are no gendered pronouns in the Filipino languages, so there’s also that.
It is recorded that men had dick piercings in pre-colonial times, which were specifically created to pleasure women. It was also a virility thing.
3) Designated Virginity Remover
Certain tribes in the Philippine islands had a lot of culture centring on sexuality, and one of the elements of that was that there was a specific man in the community who young, unmarried women could go to to experience sex. I can’t find which specific area in the islands this particular community feature was from, though.
Women were encouraged to be sexually active and pre-marital sex was normal, even encouraged. Abortions were normal, generally when a woman had had about two children, as “they were not cattle”
5) Big Party Celebrating Menstruation
I keep forgetting which tribes and communities did these lol there are so many BUT
In certain communities, a girl’s first menstruation was celebrated with this big to-do where a girl wouldn’t be allowed to touch the ground until the ceremony was done so people would usually carry her, she got to dress fancy and there were some religious elements to her getting her first period
6) No afterlife without sex
This isn’t exactly ace-friendly sadly but it’s pretty consistent with a culture very focused on sexuality
In one of the cultures of pre-colonial Philippines, you couldn’t cross over (which in this case involved taking a boat to the afterlife across the water) if you were a virgin (apart from extenuating circumstances, presumably, like infant death or child death)
7) Bare breasts were a norm
For most tribes of the Philippines (though largely on the Northern and central end than the South, which may be a result of the earlier Muslim influence, though this is just based on clothing styles)
This lasted well into the 20th century with certain tribes who had yet to be taken over, and we see it in photographs of these tribespeople taken past the 1900s
Also among certain tribes like the Kalinga, they were bare-topped to show off their tattoos, which were signs of achievement, wealth, and pride
8) Hermaphrodite Goddess of Fertility
Lakampati, Lakapati or Ikapati was the goddess of fertility who was hermaphroditic, seen as a benevolent mother goddess who was the most compassionate of all, and even had a husband and child. Praying to her consisted of leaving a bowl of uncooked rice outside the household as an offering for care and fortune.
9) God of Fences (and Large Dongs)
Lakambakod, the god of fences and protection, was described as having a “penis as long as a rice stalk” which was “gilded” ie pierced with gold all the way down the schlong. That’s basically his most defining feature.
10) Women as economic and spiritual leaders
In most of pre-colonial culture, the gender roles were that of men as military and political leaders, but women as spiritual and economic leaders. When it came to datu (military leaders), a datu, who was generally male, could be succeeded by a daughter if he had no son, though a younger son would generally be chosen over an elder daughter.
However, when it came to inheriting property or riches, it was done by age, so an eldest daughter would generally inherit more than her younger brother.
Women were trade leaders and merchants, with the maritime trade active during that era. Women controlled the finances of the household.
And when a man married a woman richer than him or in a higher position than him, he would take her name, and be referred to as “the husband of [ ]” in the community.
Women were strictly the spiritual leaders in many communities, and the only way you could be a spiritual leader when you were born male was to dress, live as, and generally just be a woman in the eyes of the community.
It wasn’t perfect and it had its own flaws, but I think it’s important to see the kinds of cultures surrounding sex and gender, and how eager patriarchal religious colonisers were to crush that kind of thinking.
I pulled this info from multiple sources including past museum visits in places that barely have online presence, so I can’t source all of them, THOUGH a lot of these are tackled in this nice little article here:
intersections . anu . edu . au / issue2/ carolyn2 . html