Sentimentalniy vals Op. 51

✧ Ysi | Any/All | 25 yo ✧ ♥ Language learning blog ♥ Mother tongue is Spanish ♥ ♥ Learning French and Russian mostly ♥ ♥ Main blog @iidsch ♥

[sentimentalniy-vals]

Hello! Welcome to my langblr blog 🌺💖

Currently studying Translation at university.

I'm mostly learning French (C1) and Russian (A2?), but the majority of my posts will be about Russian and Spanish.

This is mostly me sharing what I find and learn, so if I make any mistakes do correct me!

My mother tongue is Spanish, so feel free to ask me questions about it!

Grammar posts will mostly be in English, as well as most of the translations in vocabulary lists, but I plan to make some of them in Spanish too.

Main blog is @iidsch, and I also have an art blog @miidsch and a gif blog @niidsch (<- this is where I take my gifs from).

Masterpost with all the posts I've made so far

If you want to chat or study together don't be afraid to dm me 🌷

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Погода ✧

Сейчас идёт мелкий дождь, и на улице прохладно.

Пого́да - Tiempo (atmosférico), clima; weather, climate

Погодка (уменьш.-ласк.) - Tiempecito; (little) weather

To ask "how's the weather?" we can use Как погода? or Какая сегодня погода?. The answer will be an adjective in the feminine form or an adverb. Какая сегодня погода? Хорошая / плохая / ясная / пасмурная /сухая / сырая / холодно / тепло / жарко / солнечно / туманно... - What's the weather like today? Good / bad / clear / cloudy / dry / damp / cold / warm / hot / sunny / foggy...

Непого́да - Mal tiempo; bad weather

Нена́стье - Mal tiempo; bad weather

Мерзкая / отвратительная / дурная погода - Mal tiempo; bad weather

Кли́мат - Clima; climate

Температу́ра - Temperatura; temperature || Fiebre; fever (разг.)

To ask about the temperature we use Какая сегодня температура?. The answer can be an adverb or "плюс / минус + number + градус" ("plus / minus number degrees"). If we want to ask for the exact temperature, we use Сколько градусов? ("How many degrees?").

✧ Weather elements and phenomena ✧

Не́бо - Cielo; sky

Небо чистое - El cielo está despejado; the sky is clear.

Небе́сный - Celeste, celestial; heavenly

Со́лнце - Sol; sun

Светит солнце - El sol brilla; the sun shines

Выглянуло солнце - Ha salido el sol; the sun came out

Со́лнечный - Soleado; sunny

Со́лнечный свет - Luz del sol; sunlight, sunshine

Со́лнышко (уменьш.-ласк.) - Solecito; Little sunshine || Término afectivo de género neutro; gender neutral affectionate term

О́блако - Nube; cloud

Вита́ть в облака́х - Andar con la cabeza en las nubes; to have one's head in the clouds

О́блачный - Nublado; cloudy, overcast

Па́смурный - Nublado; cloudy, overcast

Ясный - Despejado; clear

Ту́ча - Nube (de lluvia), nubarrón; raincloud

Бу́ря - Tormenta; storm

Бу́рный - Tormentoso; stormy

Гро́за - Tormenta; storm

Разразилась гроза - Se desató una tormenta; a storm broke

Грозово́й - Tormentoso; stormy

Грозовая туча - Nube de tormenta; thundercloud

Мо́лния - Relámpago; lightning

Гром - Trueno; thunder

Ве́тер - Viento; wind

Дует ветер - Sopla el viento; the wind blows

Ветер упал - El viento se sosegó; the wind calmed down

Ветеро́к (уменьш.) - Vientecillo; (little) wind

Ветеро́чек (уменьш.-ласк.) - Vientecito; (little) wind

Бриз - Brisa; breeze

Легкий бриз - Ligera brisa; light breeze

Урага́н - Huracán; hurricane

Тума́н - Niebla; fog

Густой туман - Niebla densa; thick fog

Тума́нный - Neblinoso; foggy

Note that when we talk about rain, snow, hail and similar phenomenons, we use the structure "идти + weather phenomenon" for the present and past, but "будет + "weather phenomenon" for the future, so we will say идёт дождь ("it’s raining"), шёл снег ("it snowed"), будет град ("it will hail").

Дождь - Lluvia; rain

Дождли́вый - Lluvioso; rainy

Дождева́я ка́пля - Gota de lluvia; raindrop

Мо́рось - Llovizna; drizzle

Мороси́ть - Lloviznar, chispear; to drizzle

Моросящий / нежный / мелкий дождь - Llovizna; drizzle, light rain

Ли́вень - Aguacero; downpour

Снег - Nieve; snow

Сне́жный - Nevado; snowy

Снежо́к - Bola de nieve; snowball

Битва снежками - Pelea de bolas de nieve; snowfight

Снегопа́д - Nevada; snowfall

Мете́ль - Ventisca; snowstorm, blizzard

Вью́га - Ventisca; snowstorm, blizzard

Моро́з - Escarcha, helada; frost

У нас стоя́т моро́зы - Estamos teniendo una temporada de frío; We're having a spell of freezing weather

Моро́зить - Helar, congelar; to freeze || Dejar de lado; to give someone the cold shoulder

На у́лице моро́зит - Está helando afuera; It's freezing outside

Дело в том, что я все это время морозила тебя. - La cuestión es que todo este tiempo te he estado dejando de lado; The thing is, I was giving you the cold shoulder the whole time.

Моро́зный - Frío; frosty

За́морозок - Helada suave, sobre todo por las mañanas de primavera y otoño; light frost, especially in the mornings in spring and fall

Лёд - Hielo; ice

Ледяно́й - De hielo; icey

Капе́ль - Goteo de deshielo; thaw, drip of thawing snow

Град - Granizo; hail

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Одежда ✧

Оде́жда - Ropa; clothes

Одея́ние - Vestimenta; clothing

Одева́ть / оде́ть [вин.] на [вин.] - Vestir a alguien con algo; to dress someone with something

Одева́ться / оде́ться - Vestirse; to get dressed

Одетый в [вин.] - Llevar encima/puesto; to be wearing

Надева́ть / наде́ть [вин.] на [вин.] - Ponerse; to put on

Надевать одежду наизна́нку - Ponerse la ropa del revés; to put clothes on inside out

Наде́тый на [пред.] - Llevar encima/puesto; to be wearing

Do read this post I made about the specifics behind these two verbs!

Раздева́ть / разде́ть - Desvestir a alguien; to undress someone

Раздеться / раздеваться - Desvestirse; to take off one’s clothes

Раздева́лка (разг.) - Vestidor; changing room

Переодева́ть / переоде́ть - Cambiar de ropa a alguien; to change someone's clothes

Переодева́ться / переоде́ться - Cambiarse de ropa; to change one’s clothes

Ряди́ть (разг.) - Vestir a alguien; to dress someone

Наряжать / наряди́ть (разг.) - Vestir a alguien de manera elegante; to dress someone elegantly || Decorar; to decorate

Наря́д - Conjunto (a menudo elegante); outfit (often elegant)

Наря́дный - Bien vestido; well-dressed || Decorado; decorated

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Spanish vocab - Tomodachi Life (4/?) ✧

Long time no Tomodachi Life: Living the Dream vocab post! Probably because I haven't played the game in a month, oops 😬

Anyway as always keep in mind that these are probably mostly colloquial and mostly Spain-specific! 🌺💖

✧ Words ✧

Soplar - To blow

Soplarle algo a alguien - To rat on, to inform someone of something

Me han soplado que en el estudio fotográfico puedes sacarnos unas fotos muy chulas. ¿Eso es verdad? - I heard that you can take some really cool photos of us at the photo studio. Is that true?

Porfi, durante el examen ves soplándome las respuestas, que no he estudiado y quiero aprobar. - During the test, can you whisper the answers to me, pretty please? I haven't studied and I want to pass.

Comodón, comodona - Cushy person, lazy

Los Mii son un poco comodones a veces; por eso no bajarán a la playa si no colocas una escalinata. - Miis can be a bit lazy sometimes; that's why they won't go down to the beach unless you put in a set of steps.

This is an augmentative of cómodo ("comfortable"). There are some nouns like this, formed by adding -ón to an adjective and applying them to people, and they usually tend to be a bit pejorative (if you call someone comodón it's certainly not to flatter them lmao). Un comodón, for example, is someone who doesn't like doing things unless they are easy. Can you guess what cabezón, dormilón and criticón mean?

Notición - Bombshell, great news

Es un notición. ¿Me puedo ir ya? - That's great news. Can I go now?

Same as above - notición comes from noticia ("news"). Though in this case it doesn't have a negative connotation. Other similar words are problemón or peliculón.

Fetén - Very good

Lo vas a pasar fetén en el concierto. - You're going to have a blast at the concert.

Te juro que normalmente es una chica muy fetén, lo que pasa es que la has pillado de mal humor. - I swear, she's usually a really cool girl, it's just that you caught her in a bad mood.

Rajar - To rip, to tear || To talk about something

Parece que están rajando de todas las cosas indignantes de 2026... - It seems like they're talking about all the outrageous things that happened in 2026…

✧ Expressions ✧

De pleno - Totally

Te equivocas de pleno. - You're totally wrong.

Darlo todo - To give it your best shot

A pesar de que lo ha dado todo, se ha quedado a un mísero centímetro de romper el récord mundial de estiramiento de cara. - Even though she gave it her all, she fell just one measly centimeter short of breaking the world record for face-stretching.

Pitarle los oídos a alguien - To have one's ears ring

¿No te pitaban los oídos hace un rato? Porque Ana estaba hablando de ti... - Didn't your ears ring a little while ago? Because Ana was talking about you…

Some Spanish popular belief says that if your ears ring it's because someone is talking badly about you or thinking about you. Why exactly I have no idea, but it's pretty much the same thing as that comedy gag in anime where character A is talking about character B, and then the camera cuts to character B and they sneeze.

Controlar mucho de - To know a lot about something

¡Se nota que controlas mucho del tema! - You really know your stuff!

Partirse la caja - To laugh a lot

Están partiéndose la caja por el peculiar sabor de la patata asada... - They're cracking up over the unique flavor of the roasted potato…

Ponerse hasta los topes de - To stuff oneself with

Ayer soñé que me ponía hasta los topes de pastel. - Yesterday I dreamed that I stuffed myself with cake.

No ver tres en un burro - To be blind as a bat

Maldita niebla de marras. ¡No veo tres en un burro! - Damn fog. I can't see a thing!

Tangentially related, but a common Spanish joke people tell, usually when you don't have any funny jokes, is "Van dos y se cae el del medio" ("Two people are going somewhere and the one in the middle falls down"). I know, it is deeply unfunny.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian grammar - Одеть and надеть ✧

In Russian there are two common verbs about clothes: одеть and надеть.

Одеть means “to dress someone”. The direct object will be a person, and if we want to say what we are dressing someone in, we would add в + accusative. It also has a past passive participle, одетый, which means “to be dressed”, and just like the verb, we can add в + accusative to specify the clothing item.

Do note that in both cases, одеть and одетый, the subject will never be the clothing item: with одеть it will be that who dresses someone, and with одетый it will be that who has been dressed.

Галя, чуть помедлив, тоже встала и начала одевать сына в костюм. - Galya, after a brief pause, also stood up and began to dress her son in a suit.

Этот человек был одет в старенький и разорванный голубой хитон. - This man was dressed in worn-out, tattered blue chiton.

Or a simpler example to see the difference:

Я одела подругу в платье. Подруга одета в платье. - I dressed my friend in a dress. My friend is dressed in a dress.

Meanwhile, надеть means “to put on”. The direct object will be a clothing item, and if we want to say on whom we are putting the clothing item, we would use на + accusative. Its past passive participle, надетый, means “put on”, and it requires на + accusative or prepositional.

However, when using the participle, the subject will be the clothing item, while with the verb, the subject will be that who puts on the clothing item.

Мрачный сторож надел на нас кожаные туфли, чтобы наши ноги не осквернили святыни этого места. - The grim guard put leather shoes on our feet so that our feet would not defile the sanctity of this place.

У него шляпа надета на одно ухо. - His hat was put on one ear.

Я скинул короткую шубу, которая была надета на мне, и бросил ее назад. - I took off the short fur coat I was wearing and threw it back.

And another simpler, clearer example:

Я надела рубашку на подругу. Рубашка надета на подруге. - I put the shirt on my friend. My friend is wearing the shirt.

Lastly, only одеть can be reflexive – “to dress oneself” would be одеться.

The reason why I’m dedicating a post to these verbs is that many Russian speakers use одеть, одетый instead of надеть, надетый, so if you encounter these verbs without knowing the correct grammar behind them, you are bound to make the same mistakes and get them confused. And trust me, this confusion is pretty widespread!

Also, Russian speakers have a memory trick to remember which one is which: надеть одежду, одеть Надежду ("put on clothes, dress Nadezhda").

Hope this clears things up! 🌺💖

[sentimentalniy-vals]

Was just thinking about how Russian, Spanish and French all refer to bruises by using words that derive from colors... In Russian it's "синяк", which is a noun from the adjective "синий" ("dark blue"), while in French they directly say "un bleu" ("a blue"). Spanish differs slightly because we say "un moratón", from "morado" ("purple"); the -ón at the end is an augmentative, so it's kind of like saying "a big purple". But either way all three languages went and said "wow, you have [unexpected color] in your skin" when talking about bruises and that's interesting hehe

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Благо ✧

Благородная принцесса благодарит гольфистку наградой.

Бла́го - Beneficio, bien; blessing, good

> Бла́го - Gracias a dios, afortunadamente; Thank god, thankfully

Я, благо, живу без изъяна! - ¡Yo, afortunadamente, vivo sin defectos!

Благословля́ть / благослови́ть - Bendecir; to bless

Да благословит тебя бог! - ¡Que dios te bendiga!; God bless you!

Люблю и благословляю, твоя подруга Анна. - Te quiero y te bendigo, tu amiga Anna; With love and blessings, your friend Anna.

> Благослове́ние, благословле́ние - Bendición; blessing

Прошу вашего благословления. - Le pido su bendición; I ask for your blessing.

Благодари́ть / поблагодари́ть [вин.] - Agradecer, dar las gracias a alguien; to thank someone

Благодарю вас от всего сердца. Les doy las gracias de todo corazón; Thank you from the bottom of my heart.

Это я должен вас благодарить. - Soy yo quien debería darles las gracias, el placer es todo mío; I'm the one who should be thanking you, the pleasure is all mine.

Я просто хотел поблагодарить вас за тёплый приём. - Solo quería darles las gracias por su cálida bienvenida; I just wanted to say thanks for the warm welcome.

>Благодаря́ [дат.] - Gracias a; thanks to

Это только благодаря тебе получилось. - Esto solo ha sido posible gracias a ti; This was only possible thanks to you.

>Благодарный [дат.] - Agradecido; grateful

Мой отец тоже тебе благодарен. - Mi padre también te está agradecido; My father is grateful to you, too.

Я вам бесконечно благодарен! - ¡Os estoy infinitamente agradecido!; I am infinitely grateful to you!

>Благода́рность - Agradecimiento, thanks; gratitude, thanks

Не стоит благодарности! - ¡No hace falta que me des las gracias!; Don't mention it!

Сама просила довезти тебя сюда, и это твоя благодарность?! - ¡¿Tú misma pediste que te trajera hasta aquí, y así es como me lo agradeces?!; You were the one who asked me to bring you here, and this is how you thank me?!

В качестве благодарности, хочу дать вам этот предмет! - ¡Como agradecimiento, quiero regalaros este objeto!; As a token of my gratitude, I'd like to give you this item!

Ответы на благодарность - Respuestas al agradecimiento; Responses to gratitude

Заблагорассу́диться - Considerar oportuno, tener a bien, hacer algo como a alguien le venga en gana; to do as one pleases

Для испытаний мы меняем структуру острова как нам заблагорассудится. - Para las pruebas, modificamos la estructura de la isla como nos venga en gana; For testing purposes, we can change the island's layout however we like.

Благополу́чный - Próspero; successful

>Благополу́чие - Bienestar, prosperidad; Wellbeing, prosperity

Твоё благополучие чрезвычайно важно для нас. - Tu bienestar es muy importante para nosotros; Your well-being is extremely important to us.

Благотвори́тельный - De caridad, benefico; charitable

>Благотвори́тельность - Caridad; charity

Жертвовать на благотворительность - Donar a caridad; donate to charity

Благоро́дный - Noble

Мы - благородные пираты. - Somos piratas nobles; We are noble pirates.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Gramática rusa - Pronombres reflexivos y recíprocos ✧

Клиентка купила себе юбку. Она носит с собой сумку с заказом.

✧ Pronombre reflexivo pronoun себя ✧

· El pronombre reflexivo ruso es “себя́".

· Como pronombre reflexivo, hace referencia al sujeto del verbo que acompaña. Por ello, no tiene nominativo, ya que este caso solo desempeña las funciones de sujeto y de atributo, mientras que los pronombres reflexivos desempeñan la función de complemento directo, complemento indirecto y complemento de régimen.

· Sus otras formas, comunes a todos los géneros y a ambos números, son:

Себя́ – Acusativo y genitivo

Себе́ – Dativo y prepositivo

Собо́й/собою – Instrumental

· Ejemplos:

Мой кот обнимает себя, когда спит. – Mi gato se abraza a sí mismo cuando duerme.

Ты думаешь только о себе. – Solo piensas en ti mismo.

Она довольна собой. – Está satisfecha de sí misma.

· No hay que confundir el pronombre reflexivo себя con las terminaciones para los verbos reflexivos en -ся/-сь. Себя tiene unos usos particulares que no existen con las terminaciones de verbos reflexivos. Además del complemento directo, expresa:

El complemento indirecto.

Он купила себе книгу. – Se ha comprado un libro; she bought herself a book.

El complemento de régimen.

Они разговаривают между собой. – Están hablando entre ellos

Я разговариваю с собой. - Hablo conmigo mismo.

Возьми с собой зонт. – Llévate contigo un paraguas.

Un verbo cuyo significado es diferente al del verbo reflexivo equivalente.

Считать себя гением – Considerarse a sí mismo un genio

Считаться гением – Ser considerado un genio

Лишать себя – Privarse a sí mismo de algo

Лишаться – Estar desprovisto de algo

· Algunas palabras rigen себя de manera más arbitraria:

Con algunos verbos:

Вести себя – Comportarse; to behave

Представлять собой – Representar, ser; to represent, to be

Представля́ть себе́ – Imaginarse; to imagine

Чувствовать себя – Sentirse; to feel

En algunas expresiones:

Так себе – Regular

Ничего себе! – ¡Vaya!

Хорош собой – Ser guapo

Само собой разумеется – Por su puesto, huelga decir

Быть не по себе – No encontrarse bien

Сам по себе – Por sí mismo, por sí solo

У себя – En la casa propia

К себе – A la casa propia

Не дай себя обмануть. – No te dejes engañar

· En ocasiones, el pronombre reflexivo puede dar lugar a una ambigüedad cuando hay dos verbos y dos sujetos diferentes en la oración:

Мать велела сыну налить себе чаю.

· En esta oración, deberíamos entender que себе hace referencia a сын, por lo que se traduciría como “La madre le dijo al niño que se sirviera un poco de té”. Para evitar confusión, podemos reestructurar ligeramente la oración:

Мать велела, чтобы сын налил себе чаю. – La madre le dijo al niño que se sirviera un poco de té.

Мать велела, чтобы сын налил ей чаю. - La madre le dijo al niño que le sirviera un poco de té.

✧ Pronombre recíproco друг друга ✧

· Cuando la acción es recíproca, se utiliza la construcción “друг дру́га”.

· Una acción recíproca implica que persona A realiza una acción a persona B y B a A al mismo tiempo. En español equivale a “el uno al otro” y variantes.

· En esta construcción, solo el segundo “друг” cambia en caso, pero no en género o número.

Она и я любим друг друга. – Ella y yo nos queremos el uno al otro.

Если вы потеряли друг друга встречайтесь в центре ГУМА. – Si perdéis el uno al otro, quedad en el centro de GUM.

Мы нравимся друг другу. – Nos gustamos el uno al otro.

· Sin embargo, a veces se expresa la reciprocidad con un verbo en -ся/-сь d.

Увидимся! - ¡Nos vemos!

Давайте познакомимся. - Vamos a conocernos.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian grammar - Reflexive and reciprocal pronouns ✧

Клиентка купила себе юбку. Она носит с собой сумку с заказом.

✧ Reflexive pronoun себя ✧

· The Russian reflexive pronoun is "себя́".

· As a reflexive pronoun, it refers to the subject of the verb it accompanies. Therefore, it does not have a nominative form, since this case functions only as a subject or attribute, whereas reflexive pronouns function as direct objects, indirect objects, and objects with prepositions.

· Its other forms, common to all genders and both numbers, are:

Себя́ – Accusative and genitive

Себе́ – Dative and prepositional

Собо́й/собо́ю – Instrumental

· Examples:

Мой кот обнимает себя, когда спит. – My cat hugs itself while sleeping.

Ты думаешь только о себе. – You only think of yourself.

Она довольна собой. – She is pleased with herself.

Я горжусь собой. - I am proud of myself.

· Do not confuse the reflexive pronoun себя with the endings for reflexive verbs in -ся/-сь. Себя has specific uses that do not exist with reflexive verb endings. Besides a direct object, it expresses:

The indirect object.

Он купила себе книгу. – She bought herself a book.

A complement with preposition.

Они разговаривают между собой. – They are talking among themselves.

Я разговариваю с собой. – I talk to myself.

Возьми с собой зонт. – Take an umbrella with you.

A verb whose meaning differs from that of its reflexive counterpart.

Считать себя гением – To consider oneself a genius

Считаться гением – To be considered a genius

Лишать себя – To deprive oneself

Лишаться – To be deprived

· Some words demand the use of себя more arbitrarily:

With certain verbs:

Вести себя – To behave

Представлять собой – To represent, to be

Представля́ть себе́ – To imagine

Чувствовать себя – To feel

In some expressions:

Так себе – Regular, so-so

Ничего себе! – Wow!

Хорош собой – To be good-looking

Само собой разумеется – It goes without saying

Быть не по себе – To be out of sorts

У себя – At one’s house

К себе – To one’s house

Не дай себя обмануть – Don’t let yourself be fooled

· Sometimes, the reflexive pronoun can lead to ambiguity when there are two verbs and two different subjects in the sentence:

Мать велела сыну налить себе чаю.

· In this sentence, we should understand that себе refers to the son, so it would be translated as “The mother told the boy to pour himself some tea.”

· To avoid confusion, we can slightly restructure the sentence:

Мать велела, чтобы сын налил себе чаю. - The mother told her son to pour himself some tea,

Мать велела, чтобы сын налил ей чаю. - The mother told her son to pour her some tea.

✧ Reciprocal pronoun друг друга ✧

· When the action is reciprocal, the construction “друг дру́га” is used.

· A reciprocal action implies that person A performs an action on person B and B on A at the same time. In English, this is equivalent to “each other” and its variants.

· In the Russian construction, only the second “друг” changes in case, but not in gender or number.

Она и я любим друг друга. – She and I love each other.

Если вы потеряли друг друга, встречайтесь в центре ГУМА. – If you lose track of each other, meet at the GUM center.

Мы нравимся друг другу. – We like each other.

· Sometimes, however, a verb in -ся/-сь will be used.

Увидимся! - See you! [Lit. "We'll see each other"]

Давайте познакомимся. - Let's meet each other.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Единицы времени ✧

Here are some Russian basic words about time and time units!

Вре́мя - Tiempo; time || Período (de tiempo); period (of time)

Пора́ - Tiempo, temporada (para hacer algo); time, season

Секу́нда - Segundo; second

Мину́та - Minuto; minute

Час - Hora; hour

Мгнове́ние - Instante, momento; instant, moment

Моме́нт - Momento; moment

Миг - Instante, momento; instant, moment

У́тро - Mañana; morning

День - Día, tarde || Day, afternoon

Ве́чер - Tarde-noche; evening

Ночь - Noche; night

Сего́дня - Hoy; today || Hoy en día

За́втра - Mañana; tomorrow

Вчера́ - Ayer; yesterday

Неде́ля - Semana; week

Ме́сяц - Mes; month

Год - Año (tiempo y edad); year (both time and age)

Век - Siglo; century

[sentimentalniy-vals]

To know by heart and (some) of its translations

In Spanish, the expression "to know by heart" is translated to "saber de memoria" ("to know from memory"). By itself, the difference in translation might seem arbitrary. However, among some European languages there seems to be a divide, where in some of them perfectly knowing something is solely associated with the memory, and in others it's associated both with the memory and the heart.

French, Catalonian and English, for example, fit the second group (Savoir par cœur/de mémoire, saber de cor/de memòria, to know by heart/from memory). Meanwhile, Italian and Spanish belong to the first group (sapere a memoria, saber de memoria).

Russian is the only exception to the languages I'm familiar with: the expression "знать на память" ("to know from memory") exists, but more often you'll hear "знать наизусть", which seems to be a calque of the Ancient Greek "ἀπὸ στόματος" ("from the mouth", уста being the old/poetic version of рот, губа). Not sure what the mouth has to do with knowing something, but it is an interesting turn of this expression!

If you know how to say this expression in other languages you're welcome to explain it in the replies! 🌺

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Части животных ✧

Here are some words about common animal body parts in Russian!

Шерсть - Pelo, pelaje; hair, fur || Lana; wool

>Шерстяно́й - De lana; of wool

Чешуя́ - Escamas; scales

Перо́ - Pluma; feather

>Чудо в перьях - Rara avis

>Ни пуха, ни пера - Mucha mierda; break a leg

The reply to this expression is “К чёрту” ("Go to hell").

>Опере́ние - Plumaje; plumage

>Пух - Plumón; (bird) fluff

Ла́па - Pata, garra; paw

>Ла́пка - Patia; little paw || Comillas; quotation marks

>У кого-то лапки - Tener patitas; to have little paws

Excuse to not want to do something, you can find lots of memes with cats and this expression. For example: Сколько тебе раз уже говорил. Не могу я работать! У меня же лапки!!! (¿Cuántas veces te lo he dicho? ¡No puedo trabajar! ¡¡¡Tengo patitas!!!; How many times have I told you? I can't work! I've got little paws!!!)

>Ла́почка (уменьш.-ласк.) - Término afectivo de género neutro; gender neutral affectionate term

>Лапушка - Término afectivo para mujeres; affectionate term for women

Копы́то - Pezuña; hoof

>Подко́ва - Herradura; horseshoe

Рог - Cuerno; horn

>Рог изобилия - Cuerno de la abundancia, cornucopia

Крыло́ - Ala; wing

>Ходить на крыльях - Ir volando; to go flying

>Окрыля́ть - Alentar, animar, entusiasmar, dar alas; to inspire

Ред Булл окрыляет! - ¡Redbull te da alas!; Redbull gives you wings!

Гри́ва - Crin, melena; mane

Хвост - Cola; tail || Coleta; ponytail

>Хвостик - Colita; little tail || Coleta; ponytail

Мо́рда - Hocico; muzzle || Careto; mug (разг.)

>Морда́шка - Cara simpática; pleasant face

Клюв - Pico; beak

>Клева́ть / клю́нуть - Picar, picotear; to peck

Ко́готь - Uña, garra, zarpa; claw

>Показа́ть (свои́) ко́гти - Sacar las uñas; show one's claws

Клешня́ - Pinza; claw (of crabs)

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Пора ✧

Всем пора ужинать! С тех пор как они пришли в гильдию, Торчик и Пиплуп ужинают вместе с другими членами.

Пора́ - Tiempo, temporada (para hacer algo); time, season

Пора охоты - Temporada de caza; hunting season

Пора́ [дат.] - Es hora de; it’s time to

Моим родителям уже пора идти на работу. - Ya es hora de que mis padres vayan a trabajar; It's already time for my parents to go to work

Домой пора. - Es hora de ir a casa; Time to go home.

Нет, пора жить у себя и по-своему. - No, es hora de vivir por mi propia cuenta y a mi manera; No, it’s time to have my own place and live in my own way.

Да, и вам давно пора сказать мне “спасибо”. - Sí, y ya va siendo hora de que me digas “gracias”; Yes, it's about time you said "Thank you".

До сих пор - Hasta ahora, todavía; up till now, still

Прошло 5 лет, а это до сих пор лучшее. - Han pasado 5 años, y esto sigue siendo lo mejor; It's been five years, and it's still the best.

Они встречаются уже 4 года, но до сих пор не видели друг другу - Llevan 4 años saliendo, pero todavía no se han visto el uno al otro; They've been dating for four years, but haven't seen each other yet

До тех пор - Hasta entonces; until then

>До тех пор, пока́… - Hasta; until

>До каки́х пор? - ¿Hasta cuándo?; Until when?

С тех пор - Desde entonces; since then

С тех пор мы ни разу не видели своих родителей. - Desde entonces no hemos visto a nuestros padres ni una sola vez; since then we haven’t seen out parents never once.

С тех пор прошло около года. - Desde entonces ha pasado casi un año; it's been about a year since then.

С тех пор, как… - Desde que…; since…

Прошло только 7 минут с тех пор, как начался июль. - Han pasado solo 7 minutos desde que ha empezado julio; It’s only been 7 minutes since July began

Прошло так много времени с тех пор, как я последний раз каталась на лыжах. - Ha pasado tanto tiempo desde la última vez que fui a esquiar; it's been so long since I last skied.

Вот уже четыре недели с тех пор, как я начала путешествовать. - Han pasado cuatro semanas desde que empecé a viajar; it's four weeks already since I started to travel.

>С каки́х (это) пор? - ¿Desde cuándo?; since when?

Вода вредна для здоровья! - С каких это пор вода стала вредной? - ¡El agua es mala para la salud! - ¿Desde cuándo el agua es mala?; Water is bad for your health! - Since when water is bad?

До поры́ до вре́мени - Por el momento; for the time being

На пе́рвых пора́х - Al principio; at first

Поро́й - A veces; sometimes

Вы настолько бесстрашны и дерзки, что другим порой этого не понять. - Sois tan intrépidos y atrevidos que a veces a los demás les es incomprehensible; you're so fearless and bold that others sometimes can't understand it.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Время ✧

Зима — одно из времён года. Зимой по временам идёт снег.

Вре́мя - Tiempo; time || Período (de tiempo); period (of time)

Трата времени - Una pérdida de tiempo; a waste of time

В любое время - A cualquier hora; anytime

Всему своё время - Todo a su tiempo; everything has its time

В последнее время - Últimamente; recently

Время летит (быстро) - El tiempo vuela; time flies

Что делает время! - ¡Lo que hace el tiempo!; What time does!

И я дразнил вас цаплей... Что делает время! - Y yo le hacía rabiar llamándola garza… ¡Lo que hace el tiempo!; And I used to tease you, calling you a heron... What time does!

Во вре́мя [род.] - Durante; during

=В тече́ние [род.] - Durante; during

Во́время - A tiempo; on time

По временам - De vez en cuando; from time to time

=Временами (разг.) - De vez en cuando; from time to time

=Время от времени - De vez en cuando; from time to time

Находящийся в озере гейзер время от времени извергается. - El géiser situado en el lago entra en erupción de vez en cuando; The geyser in the lake erupts from time to time.

Тем временем - Al mismo tiempo; meanwhile

Всех времён - De todos los tiempos; of all time

В старые-добрые времена - En los viejos tiempos; in the good ol' days

Ну вот, капитаны снова вместе, как в добрые старые времена. - Bueno, pues los capitanes están juntos de nuevo, como en los viejos tiempos; Now the Captains are together again, like in the good old days.

Сколько времени…? - (Durante) cuánto tiempo...?; (For) how long…?

Сколько времени ты будешь играть в волейбол? Два часа. - (Durante) cuánto tiempo vas a jugar a volleyball? (Durante) dos horas; How long will you be playing volleyball? Two hours.

А сколько времени займёт такая поездка? - ¿Cuánto tiempo durará este viaje?; And how long will such trip take?

Одновременно - Al mismo tiempo, simultáneamente; simultaneously

Временный - Temporal, provisional, pasajero; temporary

Время года - Estación (del año); season

=Сезо́н - Estación (del año), temporada; season

Сезон дождей - Temporada de lluvias; rainy season

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✧ Spanish vocab - Tomodachi Life (3/?) ✧

Chat wake up time for another Tomodachi Life: Living the Dream vocab post! Once again keep in mind that these are mostly colloquial and probably Spain-specific! 🌷💕

✧ Words ✧

Culminar - To culminate, to peak, to reach the highest point

El proyecto de expansión ha culminado con la obtención del permiso para ampliar la isla hasta el máximo de su potencial. - The expansion project has peaked with the granting of a permit to expand the island to its full potential.

Juicio - Trial || Sanity, right mind, sense, judgment

> Perder el juicio - To lose one's mind, to lose one's cool

He perdido el juicio por un momento... - I lost my mind for a moment…

Corazonada - Hunch, gut feeling

¡Tenía la corazonada de que ibas a saludarme! - I had a feeling you were going to say hi!

Pupa - Pain, bruise

¡Menos mal que no nos hemos hecho pupa! - Thank goodness we didn't get hurt!

"Pupa" is baby/kid speak for "pain, bruise, wound", but you can hear some adults use it with each other. It can also be used in a mocking way, if you want to make fun of someone's pain. To be extra baby talk-ish/extra mocking, you can use the diminutive form "pupita".

Pelota - Ball || Yes-man, brown-nosing, toady

No es por ser pelota, pero... ¡te elegiría a ti! - I don't mean to suck up, but… I'd pick you!

> Hacerle la pelota a alguien - To suck up to someone

Boquiabierto - Open-mouthed, surprised

¡Me dejas boquiabierta! - You've left me speechless!

Zanjar - To dig || To settle, to resolve

Vamos a zanjar el debate de una vez por todas. - Let's settle this debate once and for all.

✧ Expressions ✧

Ser uña y carne - To be joined at the hip, to be like two peas in a pod

Hacerle tilín a alguien - To like, to fancy

En teoría me gusta Ana, pero... sospecho que Lina también me hace tilín. - In theory, I like Ana, but… I suspect I also fancy Lina.

Empezar algo con buen pie - To get something off to a good start

Está compartiendo mucha información sobre sí mismo, en un intento de empezar la relación con buen pie. - He's sharing a lot of personal information in an effort to get the relationship off to a good start.

Dar guerra - To be a pain in the neck, to cause trouble, to fight

No pienso rendirme sin dar guerra. - I'm not going to give up without a fight.

Solo tener ojos para alguien - To only have eyes for someone

Tener algo muy visto - To be too familiar with something, to be too used to something

Te lo agradezco, pero no es necesario. Es algo que ya tengo muy visto. - I appreciate it, but it's not necessary. It's something I'm already very familiar with.

No querer ver algo ni en pintura - To not stand the sight of something

Cogerle tirria a algo - To get fed up with something, to grow sick of something

Le he cogido tanta tirria a la minestrone que ya no quiero verla ni en pintura. - I've grown so sick of minestrone that I can't stand the sight of it anymore.

Tener los ojos como platos - To be wide-eyed

Coger el toro por los cuernos - Grab the bull by the horns

El público tenía los ojos como platos y vaticinaba un auténtico desastre, pero Tuul cogió el toro por los cuernos y comenzó a engullir como una auténtica fiera. - The audience was wide-eyed and expecting a total disaster, but Tuul took the bull by the horns and began to devour it like a true beast.

[sentimentalniy-vals]

✧ Russian vocab - Кошки-мышки (2/?) ✧

Очень любили мыши сказку о Кощее… - В сундуке том утка. В утке заяц, в зайце щука, а в щуке — яйцо! - Ишь ты… - Утка. Фаршированная. Зайцем! Гениально!

A los ratones les encantaba el cuento de Koshchei... - Dentro del cofre hay un pato. Dentro del pato hay una liebre, dentro de la liebre hay un lucio, y dentro del lucio, ¡un huevo! - Pues vaya... - Un pato. Relleno. ¡De liebre! ¡Ingenioso!

The mice really loved the tale of Koshchei... - In the chest there’s a duck. Inside the duck there's a hare, inside the hare there's a pike, and inside the pike there's an egg! - Well, I’ll be… - A duck. Stuffed. With a hare! Brilliant!

☆ Vocabulary ☆

Кощей - Koschéi; Koshchei

Koshchei, also named the Immortal (Бессмертный), is a figure of Slavic folklore and mythology. Often portrayed as a skinny old man, he's an evil sorcerer who hides his death in objects/animals that are hidden in other objects/animals, a la matryoshka. In the folk tale of Bulat-Molodets, he describes the location of his death like this: «На море на океане есть остров, на том острове дуб стоит, под дубом сундук зарыт, в сундуке — заяц, в зайце — утка, в утке — яйцо, а в яйце — моя смерть!». Other sources also include an "игла́" (aguja; needle) inside the egg.

Сунду́к - Cofre; chest

У́тка - Pato; duck

За́яц - Liebre; hare

Conejo; bunny, rabbit is кро́лик in Russian. Derivates of заяц like зайчик or зайка are used as affectionate names for people.

Щу́ка - Lucio; pike

Яйцо́ - Huevo; egg

Ишь ты - Obsolete expression used to express admiration, surprise, disapproval, condemnation, resentment.

Some translations that are suggested for this are: "well, well"; "well, I'll be damned", "who would've thought", "would you look at that".

Фарширо́ванный - Relleno; stuffed

Adjectives ending in -нный are actually past passive participles, which basically equal the past participle in English and the participio in Spanish. The passive voice uses the instrumental case to express the agent of the sentence, so "утка фаршированная зайцем" means "a duck stuffed with hare; un pato relleno de liebre". Also, Фаршированный comes from фаршировать (to stuff, rellenar) and from фарш (stuffing, relleno), all of which come from the French "farce" (stuffing, relleno). Yet another unexpected French word in Russian!

☆ Bonus ☆

Here's an illustration of Koshchei by the great Ivan Bilibin!

[sentimentalniy-vals]

By the way, here's an example of that споки ноки I mentioned earlier! I have found a surprisingly amount of memes in this format - pics of kitties with texts like споки and similar (cat memes are international if you can believe it).

Also, баиньки is a colloquial and baby-talk way to say "good night" or "to go to sleep":

А теперь тебе пора баиньки, ты уже набрался достаточно. - And now it’s time for you to go to bed; you’ve drank enough [I. Grekova. На испытаниях (1967)]

Сейчас посмотрю, как девки наши спят, а потом и мы пойдем баиньки… - I’ll go check on our girls to see if they’re asleep, and then we’ll go to bed too [Yuri Kashkin. Валюха-горюха, 2013]

Я почитаю немного и баиньки, ладно? А мидий ты мне отложи на завтрак — утром с удовольствием поем. - I’ll read a little and then go to bed, okay? And save the mussels for my breakfast—I’ll happily eat them in the morning [Tatyana Solomatina. Отойти в сторону и посмотреть (2011)]

For those who are familiar with this one Spanish expression that became a meme years ago... баиньки is very much the same as "a mimir" (also baby speak, from "a dormir", "let's go to sleep").