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pompadourpink

Hinting words

Abat-jour – “beats down the daylight”, m – lampshade

Abrutir – “to make into a brute”, verb – to stupefy

Boulevard – “bulwark, rampart”, m – boulevard

Chauve-souris – “bald mouse”, f – bat

Cure-dent – “tooth cleaner”, m – toothpick

Essuie-glace – “wipes the windshield”, m – windshield wiper

Fainéant – “does nothing”, m/f – lazy person, idler

Garde-robe – “keeps the clothes”, f – wardrobe

Gendarme – “(men) at arms”, m – policeman

Gratte-ciel – “scrapes the sky”, m – skyscraper

Haut-parleur – “high-speaker”, m – loudspeaker

Hors-d’œuvre – “outside the (main) work”, m – appetiser

Maintien – “hand-held”, m – maintenance, bearing

Méchant – “(one who) does evil”, m/f – naughty, mean

Médecin – “(one who is) medical”, m – doctor

Ménagère – “(woman) of the household”, f – housewife; cutlery set

Oiseau-mouche – “bird-fly”, m – hummingbird

Parapluie – “for the rain”, m – umbrella

Passeport – “passes the port”, m – passport

Pendule – “(thing) that hangs”, f – pendulum clock

Porte-feuille – “carries the sheets”, m – wallet

Porte-monnaie – “carries the money”, m – coin purse

Presqu’île – “almost an island”, f – peninsula

Qu’en-dira-t-on – “what will they say of it”, m – town gossip

Rase-mottes – “shaves the mounds”, m – hedge-hopping (low flight)

Râteau – “scratcher”, m – rake

Raviver – “to re-alive”, verb – to revive

Remords – “bites again”, m – remorse

Sans-gêne – “without embarrassment”, m/f – shameless person

Sauve-qui-peut – “save himself who can”, m – every man for himself!

Sourd-muet – “deaf-mute”, m – deaf-mute person

Tape-à-l’œil – “slaps the eye”, m – flashy, gaudy

Tire-bouchon – “pulls the cork”, m – corkscrew

Tiroir – “(thing) that pulls out”, m – drawer

Tournevis – “turns the screw”, m – screwdriver

Trompe-l’œil – “deceives the eye”, m – optical illusion

Va-et-vient – “goes and comes”, m – coming and going; two-way switch

Vaurien – “worthy of nothing”, m – good-for-nothing, rascal

Vide-poche – “empties the pocket”, m – catch-all tray

Vinaigre – “sour wine”, m – vinegar

pompadourpink

Queer culture

Here is a list of French terms used to talk about queer culture, some info and also ressources you might want to check out. Let me point out right away that I indicated slurs exclusively because they have been reclaimed by the community.

About people:

gay : homo(sexuel-le), pédé (fag) / lesbian : lesbienne, gouine (dyke)

bi : bisexuel-le, bigoudou (fam)

pan : pan(sexuel-le)

ace : asexuel-le, ace (ep)

straight : hétéro(sexuel-le)

transgender : transgenre (ep) / cisgender : cisgenre (ep)

intersex : intersexe

third gender : troisième sexe (m)

assigned : assigné-e

LGBT : LGBT (elgébété)

phobia : phobie (f)

butch : butch, camionneuse (female truck driver)

androgynous : androgyne (ep)

non-binary : non binaire (ep) - more about that in the pinned comment

queen : folle (f)

pronoun : pronom (m) / she : elle / he : il / they : iel

agender : agenre (ep) / feminine : féminin / masculine : masculin

ally : allié-e

Please note : all the specific vocabulary (grey, demi…) is kept in the english version but you change the last “a” for a “e” just as you see above.

General notions:

gender : genre (m) / identity : identité (f)

sexual orientation : orientation (f) sexuelle

sexuality : sexualité (f) / birth : naissance (f)

body : corps (m)

binarity : binarité (f)

neutral : neutre (ep)

coming-out : faire son coming-out (m)

getting out of the closet : sortir du placard

same : même (ep) / binder : binder (m)

slur : insulte (f)

transitioning : transitionner, v / transition (f)

hormon : hormone (f) > testostérone-progestérone-oestrogène

treatment : traitement (m)

pride : fierté (f) / walk : marche (f) / justice : justice (f) / fight : combat (m)

Some naughty vocab:

top : actif/ve, dominant-e

bottom : passif/ve, dominé-e, soumis-e

twink : un minet

have sex : coucher, v / fuck : baiser, v / make love : faire l’amour, v

one-night stand : coup (m) d’un soir (m)

fuck buddy : plan (m) cul (m)

looking for sex : chercher du cul (: ass), v

condom : préservatif (m), capote (f)(fam)

Politics:

Marriage has been opened to same-sex partners in France on the 13th of may, 2013, despite lots of pressure, especially from a large group called LMPT ‘la manif pour tous” (’the protest march for all’) - whose slogan was ‘on ne lâche rien’ (we won’t give up) and linked to the right and far-right french parties and the catholic church. They have been criticized and/or sued for homophobia, racism and children instrumentalization.

While gay women can give blood since 2002 (had been forbidden to ‘gay and bisexual people with multiple partners’ since 1983 because of health prejudice linked to AIDS), gay men can since july 2016 if they have been single for a year. It’s still asked on the form when you go give blood currently.

Books:

*theory*

Queer Zones + Sexpolitiques by trans activist and uni teacher Sam or Marie-Hélène Bourcier (who introduced queer theory to France, where gender studies are barely a thing)(I’m mentioning his dead name bc the transition is recent and most of his work is only available under it)

La Pensée Straight, Monique Wittig, 1992

C'est pour un garçon ou pour une fille ? Georges-Claude Guilbert, 2004

*fiction*

Le Journal, Fabrice Néaud, 1996 : a man draws the story of how he fell in love with another man then gets dumped, when gay men had to hide. It’s very pretty, very sad and absolutely beautiful.

En finir avec Eddy Bellegueule, Edouard Louis, 2014 : autobiographic novel from a bright young man ; his life, his bullies, his acceptance.

Sodome et Gomorrhe, Marcel Proust, 1921 : not a gay novel but a gay relationship within one of the biggest french novels of the last century.

Le bleu est une couleur chaude, Julie Marot, 2010 : you might have heard of La Vie d’Adèle aka Blue is the warmest color. It’s from that comic.

Mémoires d’Hadrien, Marguerite Yourcenar, 1951 : a book about Hadrian, roman emperor, who built a wall and was very gay.

Corydon, André Gide, 1911 : essay about homosexuality

Corps à corps, journal de SIDA, Alain Emmanuel Dreuilhe, 1987 : autobiographic, a man’s fight with AIDS.

Sarrasine, Honoré de Balzac, 1830 (trans, gay, cross dressing, v v pretty)

Movies:

Tomboy, Célina Sciamma, 2011 (transgender, kids)

Laurence Anyways, Xavier Dolan, 2012 (transgender)

N’être ni fille ni garçon, TV documentary, 2010 (intersex)

Le Mystère Alexina, René Féret, 1985 (intersex)

Huit femmes, François Ozon, 2002 (lesbians briefly, cluedo movie)

Elles, Małgorzata Szumowska, 2011 (lesbians) > french movie but amazing polish director who also made In the name of (gay, religion)

Les onze mille Verges, Éric Lipmann, 1974 (after Guillaume Apollinaire’s novel, 1907, that’s amazing and pretty graphic)(the title means literally ‘the 11 000 penises’) (porn, gay, orgies, bdsm, necrophilia…)

Guillaume et les garçons, Guillaume Gallienne, 2013 (trans, sexuality)

Yves Saint-Laurent, Jalil Lespert, 2014 (gay)

mysteryofvampires

I really miss a term for "Ich habe dich lieb" in English. It's so different to I love you, it's so much gentler and just less awkward and a more nuanced expression of love.

Get on that, English!

no-polyglot

I think many people underestimate how much the English language has permeated the lives of young, non-English western people. I can go a whole day without speaking a word in my own language. I wake up to British music, then watch my favorite YouTubers or new series that hasn't yet been translated, play an Indie game in English, write with my Dutch friend, go to our English discord server, and the first German words I'll encounter that day will be the instruction for how long to put the pizza in the oven for dinner.

boofinator

Misc.

alligwtorblood

i was cleaning my camera roll and i’ve found these png scout badges/patches that i made a long time ago! im gonna post them here ‘cause i’ll delete them from my phone but also i don’t wanna lose them ‘cause they’re soo cute and i also have a lot more so i’ll make a second and a third part <3 feel free to use x

⋆ ✽ ˚｡⋆

pompadourpink

Il y a

(Note: * means it is a negative sentence: il n'y a)

Anguille sous roche - there's something fishy going on

Belle lurette - it's been a while

Bien longtemps (que) - it's been a while (since)

Comme un goût de - it almost tastes like

De ça - you are right but there is more to it (casual)

De ça (+ duration), - it was (X time) ago that

De la friture sur la ligne - there's static on the line

De l'ambiance - there's a great atmosphere

De l'eau dans le gaz - there's trouble brewing

De l'idée - that's not a bad idea (although it's incomplete)

De l'orage dans l'air - there's trouble brewing

De quoi - it is justified (casual)

De quoi être fier - /one/ can be proud about that

De quoi faire - there are enough supplies for the project

*De roses sans épines - there are no roses without thorns

Des baffes/claques qui se perdent - /one/ deserves a slap

Des coups de pied au cul qui se perdent - /one/ deserves a kick in the butt

Des hauts et des bas - there are ups and downs

Des limites - there are limits (not to cross)

Des moments où - there are times when

Des nuages - it's cloudy

Du brouillard - it's foggy

Du boulot - we have a lot of work to do

Du monde/peuple - it is really crowded

Du monde au balcon - /one/ has big breasts

Du soleil - it's sunny

Du vent - it's windy

Du vrai (dans ce que tu dis) - /one/ is not wrong

Erreur (sur la personne) - /one/ is mistaken

Fort/gros à parier que - it is a safe bet that

Intérêt à (+ infinitive or que + verb) - there better (be): il y a intérêt que tu te calmes, il y a intérêt à se taire

Largement de quoi faire - there are enough supplies for the project

Le feu - fire!

Longtemps que - it's been a long time since

Méprise - there is a mistake

Moyen de moyenner - we can make that work (casual)

*Pas à dire - you have to admit

*Pas à tortiller - there's no getting away from it (casual)

*Pas de fumée sans feu - there's no smoke without fire

*Pas de mais (qui tienne) - no arguing with me

*Pas de mal - no worries, you meant no harm

*Pas de mal à se faire du bien - a little of what you fancy does you good

*Pas de petits profits - look after the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves

*Pas de quoi - you're welcome (casual)

*Pas de quoi s'énerver - no need to get annoyed

*Pas de sot métier - all job is noble

*Pas de temps à perdre - there is no time to lose

*Pas le feu au lac - we are not in a rush (casual)

*Pas longtemps que - it hasn't been long since

*Pas mort d'homme - calm down (casual)

*Pas photo - clearly (casual)

*Pas un chat/rat - there is no one around

Peu de temps que - it hasn't been long since

Prescription - it's time to move on

*Plus de saisons - seasons don't mean anything anymore

*Que ça de vrai - this is what really matters

*Que la vérité qui blesse/fâche - you're angry because you know it's right

Quelque chose qui cloche (chez) - something is wrong (with)

Quelque chose qui m'échappe - I don't understand something

Quelques années - a few years ago

*Qu'un pas - /something/ is only one step away

*Rien à faire - there's nothing to do (bored or stuck)

*Rien de nouveau sous le soleil - there is nothing new

Un avant et un après - there is a before and an after

Un coup à jouer - /one/ has an opportunity here

Une éternité que - it's been an eternity since

Un temps pour tout - timing is everything

Il y en

A marre - /one/ has had enough, this is too much

*A pas un pour rattraper l'autre - you two are as bad as each other

Il y a X + X - there is a spectrum to it (unhappy): "Pierre said he stole the neighbours' cat as a joke!" "il y a blague et blague!"

Qu'est-ce qu'il y a ? - what's up ? what's wrong ?

S'il y a lieu - if applicable, needed

Tant qu'il y a de la vie, il y a de l'espoir - where there's life, there's hope

grrapess

alternatives to phone time in-between studying

take your pet or partner for a walk

update your to do list / tracker / calender

make a rewarding drink

make a drink for the next session

same with snacks

organize your study space

prepare very low effort tasks for later

grounding ritual: can be breathwork, yoga, meditation, praying, something creative,...

a short high intensity activity

monsieurenjlolras

you've heard of "quiet quitting," now I'd like to introduce you to the next level, The French Work Ethic:

Do exactly what you're paid for and nothing more

Absolutely refuse to be available to contact when you're off the clock

Never prioritize work over your own health, wellbeing, or family because that would be insane, it's just a job.

Have a little glass of wine

Take as long as you feel like for lunch

Deeply understand that work doesn't matter

Make sure your boss knows they're always your second priority ❤️

pompadourpink

Faites exactement ce pour quoi vous êtes payé-e, et rien de plus.

Refusez catégoriquement d'être joignable en dehors de vos heures de travail.

Ne faites jamais passer le travail avant votre santé, votre bien-être ou votre famille, ce serait insensé : ce n'est qu'un travail.

Buvez un petit verre de vin.

Prenez tout votre temps pour déjeuner.

Comprenez bien que le travail n'a aucune importance.

Assurez-vous que votre patron-ne sache qu'il/elle est toujours votre deuxième priorité.

pompadourpink

Les verbes pronominaux

Pronominal verbs (les verbes pronominaux) are verbs that have to be conjugated with a reflexive pronoun. Those pronouns are me/m’, te/t’, se/s’, nous, vous (me/te/se + consonant; m'/t'/s' + vowel).

There are four types of reflexive verbs.

Passive pronominal verbs: the subject (usually a thing) experiences the action. Ex.: la fenêtre s’est refermée - the window closed itself.

Reciprocal pronominal verbs: the subjects experience an interaction. Ex.: les chats s'aiment - the cats love each other.

Reflexive pronominal verbs: the subject experiences the action that they are doing. Ex.: Marianne se douche - Marianne is showering.

Successive pronominal verbs: the subject experiences temporal or spacial continuity. Ex.: les jours se suivent - the days follow each other.

Main reflexive verbs

Fanmail - masterlist (2016-) - archives - hire me - reviews (2020-) - Drive

pompadourpink

Undefined pronouns idk

... que ce soit - whatever (noun + verb...); Sous quelque gouvernement que ce soit, la nature a posé des limites au malheur des peuples. Au delà de ces limites, c'est ou la mort, ou la fuite, ou la révolte - Denis Diderot

N'importe où - anywhere; Combien il doit être difficile de mourir n'importe où sauf dans son lieu de naissance - Chopin

N'importe qui - anyone, no one (neutral to negative); Ce qui est fâcheux dans les malheurs publics, c'est que n'importe qui s'estime assez compétent pour en parler - Emil Cioran

N'importe quoi - anything; On peut acheter n'importe quoi avec de l'argent, sauf la moralité - Jean-Jacques Rousseau

N'importe quoi ! - nonsense!

Nulle part - nowhere; Le ridicule ne tue plus, nulle part, mais aux U.S.A. il enrichit drôlement - Boris Vian

Où que ce soit - wherever it is; J’ai juré de ne jamais me taire quand des être humains endurent la souffrance et l’humiliation, où que ce soit. Nous devons toujours prendre parti - Elie Wiesel

Partout - everywhere; Partout où la peine de mort est prodiguée, la barbarie domine ; partout où la peine de mort est rare, la civilisation règne - Victor Hugo

Personne - no one; Personne n'est jeune après quarante ans, mais on peut être irrésistible à tout âge - Coco Chanel

Quelque chose - something; Il y a quelque chose de plus fort que la mort, c'est la présence des absents, dans la mémoire des vivants - Jean D'Ormesson

Quelque part - somewhere; Ce qui embellit le désert c'est qu'il cache un puits quelque part - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Quelqu'un - someone; Si quelqu'un vous dit : Je suis joyeux à l'idée que tu existes , vous prendrez cela pour une déclaration d'amour, et vous aurez évidemment raison - André Comte-Sponville

Quiconque - any person who (formal, may be demanding); Quiconque ne sait pas souffrir n'a point un grand coeur - Fénélon

Qui que ce soit - anyone at all; Avant d'être effectivement mort (et dans ce cas, la chose devient impossible), il est difficile de considérer qui que ce soit comme le grand amour de sa vie - Alain De Botton

Quoique - although; L'imagination est la première qualité de l'artiste. Or, quoique cela paraisse étrange, le plus grand nombre des hommes en est dépourvu - Eugène Delacroix

Quoi que - whatever (+ subject/verb); Quoi que vous fassiez, faites-le avec passion. Vivez avec passion - Christian Dior

Quoi que ce soit - anything at all; C'est ça l'amour, tout donner, tout sacrifier, sans le moindre désir d'obtenir quoi que ce soit en retour - Albert Camus

Tout le monde - everyone; Avoir des ennemis et des envieux, c'est un bonheur qui n'est pas donné à tout le monde - Théophile Gautier

Fanmail - masterlist (2016-) - archives - hire me - reviews (2020-) - Drive

pompadourpink

Les verbes les plus utilisés

Les auxiliaires

Être - to be (je suis une femme, il est avocat, elles sont plus grande que leur soeur, tu es d'accord avec eux)

Avoir - to have (j'ai trente ans depuis septembre, nous avons deux chiens et un chat, on avait du retard ce matin)

Les verbes communs

Aller - to be about to (je vais manger - I'm about to go eat); to go: à + city or article-free country, au + masc. country/location, à la + fem. location, aux + plural country, en + fem. country or means of transportation (je vais à Paris, à Cuba, au Canada, au café, à la mer, aux Caraïbes, en France, en métro)

Attendre - to wait (j'attends son arrivée - I'm waiting for her arrival); + de: expect from (j'attends des efforts de ta part - I'm expecting you to make efforts)

Avoir l'air - to look/seem: ø + adjective (tu as l'air perdu - you look lost), de + infinitive verb (elle a l'air d'être sûre d'elle - she seems confident)

Chercher - to look for (je cherche le chat - I'm looking for the cat); after aller: to get (je vais chercher mon colis - I'm going to get my package); try to remember (je cherche mes mots - "I'm looking for my words")

Comprendre - to understand (tu as tout compris - you got it)

Connaître - to be aware of (je connais bien Montpellier - I know Montpellier well, est-ce que tu as connu les pogs? - were you around when pogs were popular?)

Croire - to believe: + à (real) + definite article + noun (je crois au destin - I believe in destiny); + en (trust) (je ne crois pas en Dieu - I don't believe in God)

Demander - to ask: + à, ask if: si, ask for: de (j'ai demandé à mon frère de lui demander si elle veut venir - I asked my brother to ask her if she wants to come)

Devenir - to become (tu es devenu un beau jeune homme - you became a handsome young man)

Devoir - to have to, to be supposed to; present must, conditional present should (je dois manger - I have to eat, je devrais manger - I should eat)

Dire - to say to: + à (je le dirai à maman - I will tell mum)

Donner - to give: ø + noun, à + person (je donne une pomme à maman - I give an apple to mum)

Ecouter - to listen (j'écoute la pluie - I'm listening to the rain)

Entendre - to hear (j'ai entendu des bruits - I heard some noises)

Essayer - to try: ø + noun (je vais essayer une crevette - I'll try a shrimp), de + infinitive verb (il essaie de conduire - he's driving to drive)

Être en train de - to be in the process of (je suis en train de manger - I'm eating)

Faire - to make something happen/have someone do something for you (je fais nettoyer la cuisine par mon frère - I have my brother clean the kitchen); to do/make: ø + noun, à + verb (je fais mon lit tous les matins - I make my bed every morning, il fait froid - it's cold, ils font à manger - they're making food)

Faillir - to come close from (j'ai failli tomber - I almost fell)

Falloir - to be necessary to (impersonal verb*): ø + verb (il faut partir maintenant - we need to leave now), que + det/noun or pronoun verb (il fallait que tu rentres avant 19h - you were supposed to come home before 7pm)

Finir - to finish, end: ø + noun, de + infinitive verb (je finis de manger - I'm finishing my meal); to end up: + par + infinitive verb (j'en ai marre d'attendre, je vais finir par partir - I'm tired of waiting, I'm going to end up leaving)

Laisser - to let something happen, willingly or not (j'ai laissé refroidir mon plat - I let my meal cool down/get cold); to leave (je vais te laisser - I'll leave you alone, laisse-moi tranquille - leave me alone)

Mettre - to put on (clothes, music), up, something somewhere, someone in a situation (je mets mon bonnet - I'm putting my hat on), take an amount of time (j'ai mis trois heures pour venir - it took me three hours to come)

Parler - to talk to: + à (je parle à maman - I'm talking to mum); to talk about: + de (je parle de l'école - I'm talking about school)

Partir - to go in order to (je suis partie chercher mon fils - I went to go get my son); to leave: à + specific destination/organized trip (je pars à Londres ce week-end), for + vague destination/trip, maybe forced (nous partons pour le Mexique en juin); exiting a location: de chez + person (je pars de chez moi maintenant - I'm leaving home now)

Passer - to pop by to do something (passe me chercher à la gare - come pick me up at the station, je vais passer voir ma tante - I'm going to go visit my aunt)

Pouvoir - to be able to (je peux être là dans dix minutes - I can be there in 10); be likely to/wish to

Prendre - to take: ø + noun, à + verb (je prends un biscuit - I'm taking a biscuit, il a pris à manger pour ce midi - he packed food for lunch)

Regarder - to watch/look, oserve (regarde ça - look at that)

Rendre - to give back (je te rendrai ta clé demain - I will give you your key back tomorrow); to change state (ça l'a rendu fou - it made him crazy)

Rester - to remain (je reste calme - I'm keeping my cool); + chez + person or + à + definite article + location: to stay (je reste chez ma cousine jusqu'à lundi - I'll stay at my cousin's until monday)

Savoir - to know about/how to: que + det/noun or pronoun + verb (ils savent que tu es là - they know that you are here, je sais jouer de la guitare - I can play guitar)

Sortir - to exit (sors de ma chambre - get out of my room); + de: to just have finished something (je sors de table - I just finished my meal)

Tenir - to take/hold (tiens-moi ça - hold this for me); to hold dear (je tiens à toi - I care about you); to hold oneself/resist (tiens-toi droit - stand straight)

Tomber - to fall (over, down, out)/become (je suis tombée malade - I got sick); + sur: come across (je suis tombé sur ta mère - I ran into your mother)

Trouver - to find, come across, get (something you've been looking for), come up with, have the opinion that (je trouve sa robe jolie - I find her dress pretty)

Venir - to come in order to: + pour + infinitive verb (je suis venu pour aider - I came to help); + de: just did something (je viens de rentrer - I just got home) or from (je viens de Paris - I'm from Paris)

Voir - to see: que + det/noun or pronoun + verb (je vois que tu es déjà levé - I see that you're already up), à + appearence + that det/noun or pronoun + verb (il a vu à ton expression que ça n'allait pas - from your expression he could tell something was wrong)

Vouloir - to want to: ø + infinitive verb (je veux m'en aller - I want to go), partitive + noun (je veux du calme - I want some peace and quiet), que + det/noun or pronoun + verb (je veux que tu t'en ailles - I want you to leave)

Les verbes pronominaux

S'appeler - to be called (je m'appelle Rose - my name is Rose)

S'attendre à - to expect (tu t'attends au pire - you expect the worst)

Se demander - to wonder (ils se demandent où on va - they're wondering where we're going)

Se dépêcher - to hurry (dépêche-toi ! - hurry up!)

Se douter - to be suspicious of (je me doutais que tu serais en retard - I was pretty certain that you would be late)

S'excuser (de) - to apologize (je m'excuse de mon retard - I'm sorry for being late)

Se faire - to have something being done to you; passive form of faire + infinitive (je me suis fait virer par mon chef - I got fired by my boss)

Se lever/se coucher - to get up/go to bed (il se lève à 7h - he gets up at 7)

Se mettre - to start to (mets-toi en pyjama - start putting your pyjamas on)

Se mettre à - to start doing something (je me mets à manger - I'm starting to eat)

Se passer - to happen (qu'est-ce qu'il se passe ? - what's happening?)

Se rendre - to go somewhere (je me rends à la gare - I'm going to the station)

Se rendre compte + de + infinitive or + que + conjugated verb - to realise (tu te rends compte qu'il est encore en retard ? - do you realise he's late again?)

Se retourner - to turn around (Orphée s'est retourné - Orpheus turned around)

Se sentir - to feel a certain way inside (je me sens vide - I feel empty)

Se tourner - to turn toward (il s'est tourné vers sa mère - he turned to his mother)

Se tromper - to make a mistake (je me suis trompé de clé - I got the wrong key)

Se trouver - to find oneself (je me trouve belle aujourd'hui - I find myself pretty today, vous vous trouvez devant le magasin - they are standing in front of the shop)

S'occuper de - to take care of (elle s'occupe de lui - she's taking care of him)

Les verbes modaux

Can - present pouvoir (tu peux partir maintenant - you can leave now)*

Could/May/Might - imperfect pouvoir (tu pourrais partir - you could leave)

Have to - present impersonal verb falloir + infinitive or que + subjunctive (il faut que tu partes - it is necessary that you leave)

Must - present devoir (tu dois partir - you must leave)

Ought to - present conditional impersonal verb falloir + infinitive or que + subjunctive (Il faudrait que tu partes - You ought to leave)

Shall/Will - simple future second verb (tu partiras ce soir - you will leave tonight)

Should - present conditional devoir (tu devrais partir - you should leave)

Would - present conditional second verb(j'aimerais partir - I would like to leave)

*this verb typically means being able to: "I can't speak French" would be translated as "I don't speak French" or "I don't know how to speak French", using pouvoir means you are physically unable to do so ie I can't run because my leg is broken.

While auxiliary verbs are the first half of compound tenses and moods, semi-auxiliary verbs are used with another verb left in the present infinitive form to express an influence of their meaning, tense, mood, or aspect - some are the equivalent of modal verbs, others are simply verbs of perception. When not followed by an infinitive verb, those are not considered semi-auxiliary anymore.

Stative verbs (to be, to remain, to feel) express a state rather than an action. They usually relate to thoughts, emotions, relationships, senses, states of being and measurements and cannot be used as the introduction of a gerund (je rentre en marchant but je suis en marchant*).

Impersonal verbs can only be conjugated in the masculine form of the third person singular: il doesn't refer to a person (il pleut - it's raining).

Movie: Les 400 coups - François Truffaut, 1959

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True Crime shows/channels

#1. Hondelatte raconte, on Europe 1

#2. Faites entrer l'accusé, on RMC Story

#3. Murders explained

#4. Canal crime

dear-ao3

as the holiday season is fast approaching, i want to tell you all about one of my favorite christmas traditions, which is participating in USPS’s operation santa.

ever wondered what happens to all the letters that get written to santa every year? the usps posts them on a website and has a program where you can adopt a letter (or several) and send the kid(s) christmas presents.

it’s entirely anonymous, they will not know who sent them the gifts and all you know about them is whatever they’ve written in their letter and the state that they live in.

it’s absolutely so much fun, i’ve done it a few years now, and some of the kids who send in letters are utterly hilarious. if you have a little extra this year, please make a kid or a family’s christmas extra special by becoming santa for them.

it is only in the usa, letter adoption is open november 16- december 13 and you have to mail your gifts by december 13.