Your brain is a badly-designed hot mess of bootstrapped chemistry that will tell you that all kinds of shit is happening that has no correlation to physical reality, including time travel. It just makes things up. Your brain is guessing about whatâs happening when your eyes saccade, whatâs happening in your blind spot, and what the majority of the visible light spectrum looks like, and you donât know itâs happening because it doesnât aid your survival to become aware that a lot of what you see is fake.
The human eye only has three types of color sensitive cones, which detect red, blue, and green light. Your brain is making up every other color you perceive.
Letâs have a little fun with that thought. This is the visible spectrum of light.
You will of course note that yellow is on the chart. Yellow has a discreet wavelength, and is therefore a distinct physical color. But we canât see it.
âSorry, what the fuck?â
What we call yellow is just what our brain shrugs and spits out when our red and green cones are equally stimulated. We have light receptors that can pick up on the physical spectrum of light we call yellow: thatâs why yellow things donât just look like moving black blocks to us. But your brain has no fucking idea what the color yellow looks like.Â
Some animals have eyes that can perceive the color yellow! Goldfish have a yellow cone in their eyes. If they could talk, they could tell us what yellow looks like. But we wouldnât be able to understand it.
What your brain actually sees of the color spectrum:
We can measure the wavelength of light, so we know that when we see âyellow,â we are seeing light in that 550-ish nanometers range. But we donât have a cone in our eyes that can pick that up. Your brain just has a very consistent guess about what color that wavelength of light could be. We decided to name that guess âyellow.â We canât imagine what yellow really looks like any more than a dog can imagine the color red.
Hereâs the funny thing: your brain is never perceiving just one photon of light at a time. Something like 2*10âž photons per second are hitting your retina under normal conditions. Your brain doesnât individually process all of them. So it averages them out. It grabs a bunch of photons all coming from the same direction, with the same pattern, and goes, âyeah, that cup is blue, fuck it, next.â
Thatâs how colors blend in our eyes. So sure, if a photon of light with a wavelength of 550 nanometers bounces into our eyes, we see what we call âyellow.â But if we see two photons at the same time, coming from the same object, one of which is 500 nms and the other of which is 600 nms, your brain will average them out and you will still see yellow even though none of the light you just saw was 550 nms.
So how does magenta factor into this?
Well, as weâve just established, when your brain sees light from two different slices of the visible light spectrum, it will try to just average them together. Green plus red is yellow, fuck it. If itâs more red than green, weâll call that âorange.â Literally who gives a shit, weâre trying to forage over here. There are bears out here and itâs so scary.
What happens if you take the average of blue and red light, which we perceive to be magenta? Whatâs the centerpoint of that line?
Hey, thatâs not gonna work? We live on a planet where EVERYTHING IS GREEN. If something is NOT green, that means itâs either food, or a potential source of danger, and either way your brain wants you to know about it.
So your brain goes, WHOOPS. Okay - this is fine. We already made up yellow, orange, cyan, and violet. Weâll just make up another color. Something that looks really, really different from green.Â
And so it made up magenta.
So, physics-wise, is magenta âreal?â
No; thereâs no single wavelength of light that corresponds to magenta. But youâre rarely seeing only a single wavelength of light anyway. And even when you are, every color other than RGB is a dart thrown on the wall by your meat computer. This is the CIE Chromaticity Diagram:
Explaining this thing is a little more than I want to take on on a Saturday morning, but Iâve included a link above that goes into it a little more. The point is that only the colors that actually touch the âoutlineâ of the shape actually correspond to a specific wavelength of light. All of the other colors are blends of multiple wavelengths. So magenta isnât special.
Given that color is just a fun trick your brain is playing on you to help you find food and avoid danger, is magenta real?
Yeah, absolutely. Or at least, itâs just as real as most of what we see. Itâs what we see when we mix up blue and red. It would be disastrous from a survival standpoint to perceive that color as green, so we donât. Because itâs not green. Light thatâs green has a wavelength of around 510 nm. Stuff thatâs magenta bounces back light that is both ~400 and ~700. Your brain knows the difference. So it fills in the gap for you, with the best guess it has, same as it does with your blind spot.
The perception of color exists within your brain, and your brain says you see magenta. So you see magenta.
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