Social media addiction

Roshani's Blog

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Language; please don’t die.

Death of a Language

’CMN m8 ur respzibl fr al diz. Dnt act lk yu knw nuttin abt it. ygm. but still lop yu’

Forgive me, even my poor siri couldn’t figure out what the heck this meant.

NETSPEAK, NETSPEAK, NETSPEAK. I know you have read the comment and if you are such a user of that type of language, please don’t send me that shit.

As David Crystal suggested, language change is an inevitable process. The Internet is slowly changing the way we write and speak. Hence, netspeak is a language in itself that is used mainly online. It features the use of emotions, compounding, coinage, backformation and blending of words to create meaning. Most of this language is very informal, with the user often lacking face to face communication. Hence, computer mediated communication can become hyperpersonal.

So the main question arises, how is netspeak encouraging the death of a language?

Netspeak, which is quite similar to textspeak, is encouraging the death of a language because it promotes the use of nonstandard forms of language, such as slang. These are unique to particular social groups, leading to a great amount of audience segregation since not all understand different forms of slang. Also, young people have the freedom to challenge linguistic norms which is the standard form of language. They want to diverse by creating their own language (e.g. netspeak) by being informal TO exclusively appear as cool/gangsters. Not only that, statistics have shown that using netspeak has a negative impact on students academic writing, leading them to use bad grammar, poor punctuations and improper abbreviations. Students are the future of every human population, imagine what a country would look like with such leaders?

Just like the Jean Aitchison language metaphors, language is now slowly catching the infectious disease where young people are specially creating new words that are getting passed on easily due to computer mediated communication having lower transaction costs.YGM MY G. DUNNO?

Therefore, it is stabbing the standard language in the heart and encouraging non standard language. The pure form of language is slowly crumbling apart just like the crumbling castle view.

On the positive side, descriptivists such as John Henry have suggested that netspeak allows language to be more creative as a means of communication.It encourages phatic communication and helps the people to build interpersonal relationships. However, it is also important to note that  sometimes context collapse can happen when exchanging messages on group chats for different audiences at the same time.

Language is also a part of an individual’s identity, so people must be allowed to express themselves in the same way, right? In the same way, be prepared to get a big fat 0/100 on your exams and rejection in interviews for potential jobs unless you’re looking to do an unskilled job in the future from the way you’re using language BABES.

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Digital media

How do we use digital media to process information?

Let’s really think about this issue.Where would our life be without digital media??????????????????? 

Everything my loves, from our google search ranking to our recommendations on buying-selling websites (eBay,amazon) require us to input information which is then processed and new information is then given to us.This may seem like an innocent and benign process, however, there is clear agenda to these interactions that we shouldn’t forget;the information that they produce is influenced by the parties that need to sell advertising in someway to continue operating.It is something we don’t like to think about in an age where our phones act like an extension of our bodies, but our devices and the apps we use are only secondarily in service to our consumers.It is primarily the scale of ad space that keeps digital world going round, we are merely participants in a system that wishes to largely keep us looking away from machinations.

Google’s advertisements being integrated into their search results could influence, for example, the company you choose your holiday with, the kind of phone you buy or where you plan your wedding.It’s common knowledge that an individual rarely goes beyond the first page of a google search page so therefore the information given to us most readily is the information that we act on and everything on subsequent pages (or even further down the first page ) is, in practice, irrelevant.

It is hardly a secret that google sells sponsored content slots on its pages,we see them almost every time we search something.It is specifically the everyday nature of this transaction that makes the process problematic.Services like these that become the furniture of everyday life are often scrutinized in the news media,Facebook for example,came under fire recently for sharing users’ data and it had no meaningful effect on the platform’s popularity or profitability.Similarly, we are constantly vaguely aware that information we search for is not free of bias but the lure of practically means that we are unwilling to hold any kind of meaningful boycott.

Of course boycotts in general rarely hold but the lack of proper online competition to google, Facebook and amazon in their respective fields makes this even more difficult situation to negotiate.In this case do we merely accept that we are using a flawed and skewed mechanism to process data?

Or might there be meaningful alternatives to find the information that we need?Vimeo and Ecosia both present themselves as more moral or higher quality alternatives to existing to existing methods or finding or viewing information even if their audience are relatively niche.Then the question becomes ‘how do these cites operate differently to their mainstream competition?’The answer being that truthfully they are essentially generators of advertising revenue which again requires skewing the kind of information given.The very offer of alternative services in itself is the virtue here as we may see  a different version of search results that have been manipulated through sponsored content being prioritised. If we still have alternatives we may,at least to some extent,understand how the data served back to us is manipulated,even if we have no way of preventing it.

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Affordance and constraints of reading and writing online.

Whilst reading online may sound like the perfect solution to saving space.Is saving space worth giving the sentimental value of the books? 

In this 21st century, almost everyone goes for things that are more easier, whether it comes to finding their perfect Cinderella, or when it comes to education. Tacking the traditional methods such reading and note taking aren’t valued as much, as it used to be in the historic times.The rise of technology could definitely be blamed for that.But the question is reading online beneficial then reading on papers?

A study conducted focused on the technical interface on the reading comprehension in a Norwegian schools in Norway.72 participants, 10th graders took part in this study.The method consisted of students being randomly allocated into two groups; First group read two texts 1400-2000 words in print paper and the second group read the same texts as PDF on a computer screen.The results showed that students who reads text in print scored significantly better compared to those students who reads the text digitally.( (Mangen, Walgermo & Brønnick, 2013).

So lads and ladies go to the library and get your printed books.Start studying them physically rather then on screen if you want to have a better performance on English.However, if you disregard my advice and choose not to study at all then, you might end up this.

I highly request you to watch this video if want to die of laughter. Now, jokes aside let’s get back to the real question.

When, it comes to writing online with all the facilities such as grammerly, referencing websites we tend to get lazier day by day. Instead of improving our written skills, computer mediated writing can hamper those skills even though writing online is quick and accessible.Another important factor, being in front of screen can cause strain to your eyes. On the plus side, taking a laptop anywhere is portable and you can get things done on time.Furthermore, it also saves paper which is eco-friendly.Similar research has  found that when it came to writing has also shown that students have higher word count when taking notes and had a slightly better performance on the written tasks online compared to the ones that was done on the notes(Fisher et al, 2018).

Personally, for me it helps to memorize and understand even better,when I take notes compared to taking notes online. However,the famous Philosopher Plato on writing argues that it promotes forgetfulness in their memory as people rely on the information that is written meaning that it doesn’t come from their own knowledge.

References:

Mangen, A., Walgermo, B., & Brønnick, K. (2013). Reading linear texts on paper versus computer screen: Effects on reading comprehension. International Journal Of Educational Research, 58, 61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ijer.2012.12.002

Fisher, D. & Frey, N. ( 2018). Reading and Writing on Screen and Paper. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 62( 3), 349– 351. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.901  

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Surveillance Capitalism  Be aware of the cites darling.

Did you know surveillance capitalism was coined by the person named  Shonhana Zuboa meaning a mode capitalism where things you buy are recorded and used to gain new commodity.It also falls under liberalism.

One example of Surveillance Capitalism is the targeted adverts on YouTube which display adverts based on the activity of your google account, meaning that the media you choose informs the kind of media that you are sold, causing a kind of media feedback loops.We are rarely exposed to randomly targeted advertisement which ultimately limits our exposure to new kinds of media.This limiting effect extends to create not only media bubbles but political bubbles especially on social media.For example; if one searches for and reads right wing news sources then social media algorithms on Facebook and twitter will inevitable lead to a person being fully exposed to political ideas that they are already engaged with leading social media users to develop more extreme views. 

Furthermore, the monetisation of news sites truly use advertisement banners and sponsored video content means the user can’t visit the site without taking part in a transaction of capital, even if no money is given directly from the user to the owner of the cite.This, in turn worsens the effect of the feedback loop as capital from advertising can be used by the news cite to fund the promotion of their own content by the use of paying to improve it’s prominence on google searches or social media timelines.The behavior of the feedback loop echos Marxists description of capital as a “Dead labour, that,vampire-like, only lives by a sucking, and lives the more, labour it sucks”.However,in this instance we may substitute labour for the views and clicks.

The sale of users data by Facebook, which recently caused some controversy,is symptomatic of the future-shock effects others culture and consumer based that has not yet come to terms with the Orwellian implications of new digital capitalism, party due to the insidious new forms of exploitation that are entangles with the monetisation of digital media.

The process of selling data back to us in targeted advertising manages to manufacture our consent by utilizing our personal interests to create a false dialogue between the consumer and the favourite brand.Brand loyalty can now be enacted through tweeting at a friendly and ugly humanized manifestation of our favourite multi million dollar fast food company.

In the worst case scenario this could create a situation in which the dopamine rush of social media discourse is forever, tied to the experience of our own exploitation.However, just as this situation was created by our consent being tricked away from us, it may be remedied if we can take it back through boycotts and public complaints on the very platforms that embody these issues.There remains the darkness on the horizon of new forms of media integrated into even more personal facets of our lives,with which these battles will have to be continually fought in an ongoing battle to remain detached from hat the capitalist interests that will continue to innovate.Again, I must quote Marx in saying that history repeats itself “first as tragedy, then as farce.”

I know this an  informative blog quite different to others.But I hope you guys  like it.

References

Lasslett, K. (2015). The state at the heart of capitalism: Marxist theory and foucault's lectures on governmentality. Critical Sociology, 41(4-5), 641.

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Online impoliteness/Rudeness

Can we please attempt to save the face of one another?

Okay, I completely understand, in this digital era that we live in what is considered to be rude and polite is getting harder and harder to judge. However, I remember commenting on my friends post, “your granddad is old just like mine” and then getting the most dirtiest,screwed off reply on Facebook immediately after by him. Did I say something wrong? A wrinkly man with a cane is what I and most people describe to be a old man right? An old man is an old man. What am I supposed to say, “Wow the sexy, sizzling Leonardo Dicaprio flaunting his flamboyant figure”??? 

Tell you what, you can tell me the difference between senior citizens and old men, half caste and mixed race etc. but at the end of the day they all mean the bloody same thing to me. Don’t bring in political correctness here please.

The desire to be liked and appreciated by others can be described as trying to maintain a positive face as negative faces include impositions, threats to the hearers face (Brown and Levinson,1978). Examples of impoliteness can be considered part of the metalanguage itself. Metalanguage as in the language that focuses on the language itself, for example; “Go to hell you are not worth it.”

Now let’s get back to the main question, why so much online rudeness? Why so many online trolls? Why use such harsh language that can break people down? Let’s look at an interesting prison experiment conducted by Zimbardo (Stanford Prison Experiment), one of the world’s most renown psychologists. Perhaps examining this study can explain why people get so aggressive and rude online compared to in real life.

The aim of Zimbardo’s study was to examine how assigned roles affect behavior within a controlled, prison environment(Webb,1979). There were a total of 24 volunteer participants who were chosen due to being the most physically and mentally stable as well as least involved in antisocial behavior. The participants taking part in the study didn’t know each other beforehand and were randomly assigned their roles as either a prisoner or a guard. None of the prisoners were allowed to be referred to by their real names and were instead assigned ID numbers and only referred to using that ID number. All guards were given ‘symbols of power’ (opaque sunglasses to hide their eye colour, a baton etc.) and were dressed in identical khaki uniforms and all participants were observed over a number of days. Over the course of the experiment, guards weren’t initially aggressive towards the prisoners but became progressively more and more aggressive. Prisoners were sexually abused, taunted with negative comments and verbal abuse and even punished (e.g. cleaning the toilet with their bare hands). Overall. they were very dehumanized. 

Now to make the link with behaviour online. The idea of online forums/communities is that people are anonymous, since often you don’t know who you are interacting with and you go by your username. This makes it easy for people to progressively become more aggressive and say whatever comes to their mouth (without much thought) due to not having to face the same repercussions as being aggressive/rude face to face. Because of this anonymity it creates an environment where people who have aggressive experimental tendencies and can experiment as much as they can, leading to more and more verbal abuse. They are able to easily hide their true identity, so it is easier to be a jerk when it can’t be linked back to who you actually are (i.e. your identity).  Therefore, it can easily be argued that face to face conversations are safer, since people are more likely to stay within the limits of what is socially acceptable to say and do. People can confront the rudeness immediately and take immediate action against it. Hiding their identity gives them a power that makes them think they can do anything as long as it can’t be traced back to them. 

References

Brown, P., and Levinson, S.C. (1978). Universals of language usage: Politeness phenomena. In E.N. Goody (Ed.), Questions and Politeness. Strategies in Social Interaction (pp.56-289).Cambridge: Cambridge university press.

Webb, G. (1979). Zimbardo Prison Study Slides. Exchange: The Organizational Behavior Teaching Journal, 4(2), 47-47. doi: 10.1177/105256297900400217

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Virality

Thank you for letting us know, the image of the egg went viral with 25 million likes.

But does the world know, China is putting Muslims into internment camps and is doing so called “ ethical cleansing” by torturing millions of vulnerable kids,women men and forcing them convert their religion into atheist.

Does the world know Donald Trump during his presidential campaign, vowed to get the US military out of any wars, but one year into his presidency, he has managed to increase the US military presence in Syria, from 500 to 2000 troops, which has angered millions of Americans (www.nytimes.com, 2018).Therefore,. his plan seems to be poorly planned and too dependent on the military action rather than wishful thinking that would benefit the citizens of the country.

Does the world know how Kim kardashian famous? Yes it does!!!

Virality is like the idea of THE SELFISH GENE by DAWKINS(1976) where a idea or a message is collectively being shared, liked and passed from one member to the other in a collective speed.Things that tend to go viral have this attributes; positive emotions, social currency, publicity and the triggers which is a stimulus that helps to keep sharing the context or a idea.

But the main question arises, why do things that are not important compared to the ones tend to go more viral. I DON’T understand ? For example the kiki challenge.” KIKI DO YOU LOVE ME “? NO, I DON’T LOVE KIKI AND I DON’T GIVE 2 SHITS about whether kiki loves me or not!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Now back to the question, what did I learn from this viral challenge, to get myself out of the car, when the car is moving to do the challenge. A serious life threatening danger. It is also evident in the video above that many people are injured from this challenge.

Virality can be very dangerous in deceiving participants who watch the news.Especially FAKE NEWS.This is an incident between a Native American man and a group of students from the college. Now, looking at the video, you will feel sympathy for the poor,wrinkled man who is drumming against the boy’s face. The boy facing up to this old man in a ruthless manner questions the act of humanity.

However, look at this video now, which explains everything about what happened beforehand for the college students to behaving in this particular manner.Therefore, media is a very powerful source in conceptualizing our thinking and brainwashing us into believing in something that might actually not be true at all. Therefore, guys ensure to do the best research on the topic otherwise you might be fooled like a donkey.

On the positive side, viral videos such as ice bucket challenge is implemented for a good cause; encouraging donation for research and the charity. By making  good and positive content go viral we can all make make a huge difference to this world.Why don’t we do this type of thing more often? Let’s not forget we are the leaders of tomorrow. Every little thing that we do can contribute to a big change in this world

References

www.nytimes.com. (2018). Syria Is Now Mr. Trump’s War. [online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/19/opinion/editorials/syria-war-trump.html [Accessed 10 Mar. 2019].

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Identity and representation.

DON’T meet me here, Lets meet at the GALA 2018 ! 

All the flamboyant pictures above are taken from the snapchat stories of celebrities from the Met at gala, which is the biggest event on the fashion fundraising calendar. Being able to share those multiple pictures in the screens one by one, and the emplacement of it immediately emphasizes on an special occasion and gives moment for “dialogicality” and is also a part of joint storytelling.

Looking all lavish and covered in sparkling gold dress is our famous SASSY  SISTER Kim. She portrays her identity to be the best by wearing something that not only stands out from the rest of the celebrities but creates this specific representation of wealth and status.Wearing such a tight and showing off dress with her footballs out, not only emphasizes the materialistic goals but creating a very false standard of reality influencing the viewers to live in.Therefore, this type off showing off is like a SNOWBALL ROLLING DOWN THE HILL as it only gets bigger and ridiculous in the late capitalism that we live in.

Knowing  it is a fashion event a mum of 4 dressed up in this way, can evoke a lot of negative attitudes from the mum’s living all over the world of shame and stupidity.Also, most likely influencing the teen moms to adopt this type of false and illusive lifestyle.

“The society that has conjured up that is gigantic means of production and of exchange, is like the sorcerer, who is no longer able to control the power of the netherworld whom he has called up by his self”( (ΜΕΚΚΑΣ, 1998).  

As you can see, intertextuality is already coming into play by reproducing the original idea of beyonce's dress as worn by our famous CARDI B. The center of attention in the geographical location with the dress symbolizes purity as well as Cardi B having the main power from the workers who are taking pictures besides her.It sums up the status hierarchy. This type of close up shot tends to create a feeling a closeness between the audience and the picture.The background of the event gives us the hint of being a important event, through the use of props such as digital cameras, and men dressed up in formal suits which immediately targets professionalism.

Please watch this video to laugh and live longer! Also, to remind you this is also an example of relay where text and image work together to produce the intended meaning.

Now, referring back to the picture 1 above, on the left hand side you can see the famous picture of CARDI B and the catch phrase okuuur! okuur which has literally has no sense of meaning!!!!!!!!!!! However, even though it has no sense of meaning we can construct the relationship between the text and audience as it communicates humor in the way she does it by the use of the facial expression as demonstrated in the picture. Therefore, it functions as being interpersonal because it helps to bring the audience closer(Halliday 1979). It helps us to establish good relationship by making us more prone to like her! Let’s not lie, we all love the law of attraction but then there is humour it’s even more banging.

Poor Selena Gomez, don’t forget to check out why she was so badly critiqued. it fully explains her anxiety and depression that she is going through doesn’t it!.

References 

ΜΕΚΚΑΣ, Κ. (1998). The Communist Manifesto, a modern edition. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels with an introduction by Eric Hobsbawm. Μνήμων, 20(4), 17. doi: 10.12681/mnimon.683 

Halliday, M. (1979). Language as social semiotic (2nd ed., pp. 15-25). London: Edward Arnold.

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Media richness/synchronous vs  asynchronous chat?

Let’s ruin our relationship. 

According to research, 95% of all sent text message will be read by the receiver in 3 minutes. YES, ONLY 3 MINS. So, why on the earth do people take so long to reply?

Nowadays with computer mediated communication, having so many opportunities and specialized features to express our emotions such as emojis, gifs, stickers etc., we can’t really blame CMC for lacking para-linguistic features such as gestures and facial expression when modern media has provided an alternative way to express all these with little to no effort. Hence, it is no longer an excuse to not reply to someone or delay responses when everything that you want to send in a text can happen in flick of your fingers.

In the modern world, delayed responses can send the sender signs of disinterest (the infamous ‘blank’) and even put strain on relationships, causing distance issues that are difficult to solve. Let’s take the case of lovers- one of whom is used to receiving frequent text messages from the person they’re in a relationship with. Sudden delays in responses can create a lot of unhappiness between the two and lead to negative impacts on mental health, causing stress and anxiety levels to increase. On top of that, its time consuming to check your phone every 00.5 milliseconds AND it can distract you from important things in your life such as your work and close family/friends. 

”WHY IS SHE ALWAYS FOCUSED ON THE PHONE?” 

“DOES HE NOT CARE THAT WE ARE AROUND?” 

“HE IS SO DISRESPECTFUL, ALWAYS CHECKING HIS PHONE.” 

Especially if you have Asian parents, you’ll know what I’m talking about.

So with that in mind, here are some tips and tricks for victims of delayed messages (specifically from your significant other) Hopefully it’ll help you get through it!

Furthermore, not only asynchronous, but synchronous chat can create a problem. The infamous American reality TV show, Catfish, is based on true online ‘catfishing’ events where participants have been in touch with ‘fake’ people (people who aren’t who they claim to be) on popular social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter etc., sometimes ending up in creating false expectations of love between the involved parties (inevitably leading to A LOT of drama) and emotional and sometimes even physical manipulation. This sneaky and slimy way of invading someone’s identity and personal life is extremely costly to the victim, most often leading to some level of emotional trauma.

When you think about it, having not 1 but 2 IDENTITIES is an example of lack of integrity as it challenges the Mark Zuckerberg claim of remaining anonymous. NOW, WHO IS GOING TO REPAY THE COST OF ALL THESE?

According to the most recent national statistics,there were roughly 82 million, SMS And MMS sent in the UK. Very intriguing infact.

Lets all not forget, that sometimes when we are having personal and critical issues it is best to solve it face to face.This can be an exception when you need more time to think and not jump into conclusions by replying to the person ASAP.Sometimes, face to face communication instead of synchronous/asynchronous chat give you a better judgement on the evaluation of other people and what they think about you.

Another theory that can be linked with this topic is called the social presence theory.According to face to face communication the social presence of participants yields at the highest level whereas in asynchronous communication  it yields at the lowest level.

In order to summarize synchronous chat can enable multiple users to exchange ideas in quick an effective manner with lower transaction costs whilst asynchronous chat can create misunderstanding between participants from what most of us has experienced in one way or the other. YOU KNOW IT’S TRUE.

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Can you spare not using your phone for 0.001 milliseconds?

We live in the world where our life is dictated by mother Instagram and father Twitter. Sound familiar? All these DMs, twitter feeds, memes; it ensures the reader engages in a particular way through the cycle of attention economy.

You wake up and the main priority let me check my ‘gram’ first. Let me check how many likes I’ve gotten etc. When you finally get bored and you realise how many hours of your life you’ve washed down the drain, then you realize ‘ohh shittt I have got tonnes of work to do.’

Social media has made sharing so much easier- you can deliver whatever, whenever you want with a tap of your fingers. Thanks to these modern features that tailor everything for you (e.g. emojis, GIFs etc.) we’re able to express exactly what you want in a crystal clear manner. But at what cost?

You may have heard of Skinner’s positive and negative reinforcement theory (Richelle,1995).A way in which social media is able to control our behaviour to such a high level. The likes and DMs we receive act as rewards for our brain; hence, our brain produces ‘feel-good’ hormones (e.g. dopamine) which then encourages us to carry on the same activity and seek information in an endless loop. The result- never getting our work done on time. Our complaints and excuses are never ending but at the end of the day we still fall victim to this neverending cycle. 

Also, check out this link further, that explains the dangers and addiction of social media; https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=YPmNf362_K04

Negative reinforcement plays a part in our online behaviour too.This is where instead of positive responses we receive negative ones (e.g. hate comments, dislikes) and discourages the behaviour scrutinised. Sometimes overwhelming negative responses can culminate into cyber bullying, which of course is detrimental to the victim’s life and mental health.

To test the impact and depth of influence of social media on people’s lives, I carried out structured interviews with 20 female participants, 10 of which were active members of social media and 10 of which were no longer active members of social media.

From one of the 10 participants who were no longer active users of social media I received very interesting responses which I have summarised below:

‘People say not all that glitters on social media is gold, but for me it was. From worshipping celebrities to keeping updated through celebrity fandoms, I had become the victim of the media vice. Seeing my friends get popular whilst  scrolling through their many DMs made me feel very insecure, as I would hardly get comments on my pics and the most likes I got was 5. Due to my unattractive features, such as big forehead and big nose, I used to even get bullied on Instagram and people would make memes about my face. They would post my memed picture onto their own profile so that I could become the target of the joke, and they would encourage other people to share. Examples of their rude comments included:

This online bullying had negative impacts on these participants and overt time they struggled with mental health issues including anxiety and depression. Furthermore, one participant even became sucidial and is now receiving cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to help her overcome her social anxiety which she has developed from many negative experiences that she had during her addiction to social media. Some participants even reformed their body by undergoing multiple surgeries in order to match the stereotypical conception of beauty that was promoted online. For example (insert example) 

However, on the positive side people who are still active and consider themselves to be addicted to their phone and social media said; 

‘Social media has given us a platform for business opportunities and making new friends as well as promoting our own brand.’ Many of the responses also included mentions of receiving gifts, money and many opportunities leading to an online career. Overall, they concluded social media acts as a great promotion platform to start up your own business.

Other responses included that it helps them to convey their messages to their friends and families within seconds, especially those who live abroad without costing them any extra money. 

References:

Associates.Manz, Q. (2018). Simon Sinek, The dangers of social media addiction.. [video] Available at: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=YPmNf362_K0 [Accessed 10 Feb. 2019].

Richelle, M. (1995). B.F. Skinner. 2nd ed. Hove, UK: L. Erlbaum Associates

Language and media 

Roshani