studentistry

A student's insight on the big world of Dentistry

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FLOSSING - Learn it.  Know it.  Live it.

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Upper: Lateral view of the permanent teeth Lower: Lateral view of the deciduous teeth [also known as milk teeth or baby teeth]

The permanent teeth consist of 32 teeth of four different types. There are 16 teeth on each jaw, and each jaw has 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars, and 6 molars (this includes the wisdom teeth, which are shown here)

The smaller mouth of the child only accommodates 20 teeth of three different types. There are 10 teeth on each jaw, and each jaw has 4 incisors, 2 canines, and 4 primary molars. 

Atlas and Text-Book of Dentistry. Gustav Preiswerk, translated by George W. Warren, 1906

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Did you know?

That in the 1800 BC, the Code of Hammurabi referenced dental extraction as punishment?

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fuckyesteeth:

(via midnightvulture)

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(via fuckyeadentistry)

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Tasty xylitol

http://www.drjohns.com/Assorted-Fruit-Tooth-Xylitol-Lollipop-p/aaft100.htm

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Thought the Rubik's Cube MP3 player was the most ridiculous gadget combo of all time? We have one that just might beat it: the world's first alarm clock that's also your toothbrush.

Yes, we know what you're thinking: Gross. But the creators of the device, called Wayki, are way ahead of you. The clock part doesn't include that actual brush — that's still in your bathroom. The clock is essentially the electronic part of a sonic brush, and the clever twist is it doesn't stop beeping until you insert the brush head.

There you go, lazybones — a surfire way to ensure you both wake up on time for that important meeting and and show up wearing a sparkling smile. Or so the theory goes. The product is currently seeking funding, with estimated ship times in three to five months and a target retail price of about $150.

source: http://mashable.com/2013/02/16/alarm-clock-toothbrush/

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Blizzident 3D-printed toothbrush cleans your gnashers in six seconds

Aside from basic modifications, the form factor of the humble toothbrush has remained pretty much the same for centuries, but now engineers are proposing a completely new 3D-printed design that cleans teeth in a mere six seconds.

The Blizzident is a 3D-printed device that's custom made from a scan taken by your dentist and it looks like a set of dentures spouting puffs of white hair. With the bristles placed at multiple angles, it works a little bit like a car wash for your teeth, guaranteeing an even and thorough clean across your teeth.

Using it is pretty simple, and requires little more than biting down and releasing around 10-15 times over the course of six seconds. This allows the bristles to replicate the "Modified Bass" and "Fones" brushing techniques, which clean your molars and the space underneath the gumline. It also cleans around the gumline using the "Sub-Gingival Bass Technique" that's supposedly highly recommended by dental hygienists, but difficult to apply by hand.

"6 sec toothbrush" - blizzident.comchrissleis

Blizzident isn't just a time-saving device, though, it also supposedly eliminates human error of brushing by hand, which often causes people to miss spots or brush too far up or down on the gums. Don't think this gets you out of flossing though -- the Blizzident's handle also serves as a floss dispenser. The toothbrush even has little slits to feed the floss through, although this sounds needlessly fiddly.

To get your own Blizzident, all you need to do is get your dentist to take an impression or scan of your teeth and get them to upload it to the company's server. From there, the toothbrushes are 3D printed by high-precision machines using a technique called Stereolithography and are made from the same specially classified bio-compatible printing material used to create implantable medical devices.

"One reason to use this expensive 3D-printing machine/material combination is to achieve totally smooth surfaces, for perfect hygiene. Ordinary 3D printers produce rough surfaces, where dirt can hide and cannot easily be cleaned," a company spokesperson tells Wired.co.uk.

The bristles on a Blizzident are used for only 12 seconds each day, rather than the recommended 360 seconds for an average toothbrush, meaning it needs replacing just once a year. As you might suspect this is not cheap -- your first Blizzident will cost €299 and subsequent models will cost €159.

A cheaper option is to get your old Blizzident refurbished. Most toothbrushes can't be recycled because the bristles are anchored to metal blades, which can't easily be replaced, but Blizzident's inventors have come up with a new anchoring technique that allows them to do this. Send back your year-old toothbrush and for €89, they'll remove the bristles, disinfect it and put new ones in for you.

source: http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2013-10/01/blizzident

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hehe. Remember this Mr. Bean episode? The part where he accidentally anesthesized the dentist and does his own restoration? :))) And then he fills the wrong tooth so he just did all the tooth in all quadrants. haha

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10 Foods You Didn’t Know Were Damaging Your Teeth

by Darya Rose | May 4, 2011

Photo by ♥serendipity

Today’s post is from guest blogger Robert Milton. He blogs for Jollyville Dental, an Austin dentist, who specializes in cosmetic dental procedures and Invisalign braces.

10 Foods You Didn’t Know Were Damaging Your Teeth

by Robert Milton

Most people know candy and other sugary foods wreak havoc on their teeth, but how about fruit?

You’ve probably heard brushing and flossing twice a day is the best way to keep your teeth healthy. But some foods cause enough damage to warrant extra cleanings.

How does food damage your teeth?

There are two main elements of food that tarnish your pearly whites: sugar and acid.

Sugars, especially sucrose (table sugar), feed the millions of bacteria already in your mouth. Bacteria feast on your plaque buildup and produce lactic acid, which erodes your tooth enamel. Sucrose is the worst form of sugar because it adheres to teeth very strongly making it (and the bacteria) difficult to remove even when brushing.

Acids naturally occur in many foods, including fruit. In these cases, bacteria aren’t necessary to produce acid and cause tooth decay. Instead, acidic foods eat away at your enamel and break down your teeth directly.

Generally you can wash away natural acids by drinking water. Ironically, brushing soon after consuming acidic foods or beverages can actually cause more damage. Because teeth are porous, brushing softens them and makes them more susceptible to acid. After eating acidic foods, you should wait at least an hour before brushing.

What foods should you worry about?

In addition to the sugar and acid in foods, you should consider the length of time food is left on your teeth. The more time bacteria have to produce acids, the more damage will be done.

While many of these foods are healthy for other reasons, you should try and care for your teeth soon after eating them. Drinking water with your meal, chewing sugar-less gum, rinsing with an alcohol-free fluoride mouthwash or flossing and brushing with toothpaste reduces the risk of damage.

Look out for:

Sugar and/or acid content

Stickiness (how much food remains on teeth)

How long the food is in your mouth

10 Foods That Damage Your Teeth

1. Apples

Apples are high in acid, are surprisingly hard on your enamel. While a daily apple may keep the doctor away, the acid might keep your dentist on speed dial. Eating apples is fine, just be sure to rinse your mouth with water or mouthwash shortly after.

2. Hard candies

Though you probably know the sugar in candy is a problem, hard candies are especially harmful because we tend to hold them in our mouths longer. Also be aware that cough drops are often made with sugar, so opt for the sugar-free brand if available.

3. Pickled vegetables

Pickles are made with vinegar, which is acidic, and often sugar as well. While the vegetables are healthy, the brine is can damage your teeth. Drinking water with your meal helps wash away acids and sugar, but remember to brush an hour later.

4. Bread

Many breads contain sugar—especially processed white breads. It’s best to check the labels for any added sweeteners that will breed mouth bacteria. Bread is also sticky and gets between and behind your teeth.

5. Popcorn

Popcorn is notorious for getting stuck in your teeth, and the areas between your teeth will cultivate more bacteria for that reason. It’s okay to treat yourself to a bag of popcorn as long as you rinse with water and remember to floss and brush after.

6. Peanut butter

Sticky and often made with sugar, peanut butter not only feeds bacteria but makes it easier for them to adhere to teeth. Look for natural peanut butters with no added sugars to lessen the problem.

7. Jelly

Along with peanut butter, jelly or jam is loaded with sugar and quite sticky. Even the all-fruit brands contain natural sugars and encourage plaque and bacteria if not washed away soon.

8. Meat

Meat tends to get stuck between your teeth, and some meat products contain sugar as a preservative. While the amount may not be very high, any food that sits between your teeth can promote tooth decay. Try chewing sugar-less gum after eating if you can’t brush right away.

9. Diet soda

Just because it doesn’t have sugar doesn’t mean your teeth are safe. The acidity of diet sodas is still extremely high, making it one of the worst products for your teeth.

10. Salad dressing

More of a condiment than a food, salad dressings use vinegar and sugar for flavor. Salads should be a staple in anyone’s diet, but be careful of the dressings that can harm your smile.

source: http://summertomato.com/10-foods-you-didnt-know-were-damaging-your-teeth/

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3D Images From Hand-held Scanner Offer Precise Fit In Dental Work

August 1, 2007 — Prosthodontists use a new digital technology that creates a 3D image of patients' teeth, eliminating the need for messy molds. A hand-held scanner takes digital pictures of a patient's damaged and surrounding teeth. The three-dimensional images are then displayed on a screen, and then sent electronically to a lab that creates a final, more precise fitting crown.

Brigitte Akalovsky is one of 50 million patients each year needing a crown placed over a damaged tooth. But before fixing a tooth, patients are traditionally stuck with a mouthful of messy, bad-tasting material to make a tooth mold.Patients are all smiles about a new, mess-free way to make teeth impressions. Now, there's new hope for dental patients enduring the unpleasant, messy process of making teeth molds.

"You don't like it. You have this big, gooey thing in your mouth and it's just bulky," Akalovsky said.

Now, Brigitte's tooth repair is mess-free. Prosthodontists are using a new digital technology that creates a 3D image of patients' teeth, eliminating the need for messy molds. "Because its all three-dimensional digital images, it's a much more accurate product that we get," Juan Loza, a prosthodontist, said.

A hand-held scanner takes digital pictures of a patient's damaged and surrounding teeth. The three-dimensional images are then displayed on a screen, and then sent electronically to a lab that creates a final, more precise fitting crown.

"It brings a whole new level of technology that was not available until now in my practice. Now, I have a digital system that is very accurate," Loza said.

The digital dentistry helps create near perfect impressions that almost eliminate refitting for crowns and bridge implants -- and made a perfect picture fit for Brigitte.

"Very quick, the fitting was perfect," Akalovsky said. The 3D digital technology is available in several states, including New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, Wisconsin, Missouri, Kansas, Maryland, Colorado and Utah.

The Optical Society of America contributed to the information contained in the TV portion of this report.

BACKGROUND: A new product called iTero will render the traditional method of taking dental impressions obsolete. It is fast, painless and free of mess, creating an exact replica of the patient's teeth, resulting in a better fitted crown or bridge in 10 minutes. iTero allows dentists to generate a dental impression by quickly scanning the inside of a person's mouth with a handheld wand. Images of the patient's mouth are captured in real time, then magnified and displayed on a monitor while the patient is still in the chair. This enables dentists to make any necessary adjustments before completing the scanning process.

THE PROBLEM: Some 50 million dental patients require crown and bridge implants each year, and every one of them must have a physical impression created of the area to be restored. The process is unpleasant: the dentist inserts a soft goo into the patient's mouth which hardens over the course of several minutes into a putty that is then forcibly extracted. If the impression is imperfect, the crown or bridge may require excessive adjustment, or may need to be remade entirely. The end result is more time spent in the dentist's chair and even more discomfort for the patient.

ANATOMY OF A TOOTH: We think of teeth as being the part visible above the gum, but this is only the tip, or crown, of a tooth. There is also a neck that lies at the gum line, and a root, located below the gum. The crown of each tooth has an enamel coating to protect the underlying dentine. Enamel is even harder than bone, thanks to rows of tightly packed calcium and phosphorus crystals. The underlying dentine is slightly softer, and contains tiny tubules that connect with the central nerve of the tooth within the pulp. The pulp forms the central chamber of the tooth, and is made of soft tissue containing blood vessels that carry nutrients to the tooth. It also contains nerves so teeth can sense hot and cold, as well as lymph vessels to carry white blood cells to fight bacteria.

CROWNING ACHIEVEMENT: Dental crowns, also referred to as "dental caps" or "tooth caps," are dental restorations that cover over and encase the tooth on which they are cemented. Dentists make use of dental crowns when need to rebuild broken or decayed teeth, strengthen teeth, or improve the cosmetic appearance of a tooth. Crowns can be made out of porcelain, metal, or a combination of both. Other terms that are used to refer to dental crowns are "dental caps" and "tooth caps" A dentist might recommend placing a dental crown to restore a tooth to its original shape; to strengthen a tooth; or to improve the cosmetic appearance of a tooth. The fundamental difference between porcelain veneers and dental crowns is the amount of a tooth's surface each respective type of dental restoration covers over. Dental crowns typically encase an entire tooth whereas porcelain veneers only cover over the front side of a tooth.

Editor's Note: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

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Early orthodonture and medical dentistry. Mouth and teeth prosthetics; woodblock engraving, French. How to wire one's jaw, and install upper or lower plate.

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New Coating Method Accelerates Bonding With Bone Three Times Faster

May 24, 2013 — Researchers at the International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) and Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a coating method which accelerates bonding with bone by three times.

Dr. Masanori Kikuchi, Group Leader of the Bioceramics Group, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(MANA) and a research group at Tokyo Medical and Dental University succeeded in developing a coating method which accelerates bonding with bone by three times.

Dr. Masanori Kikuchi, Group Leader of the Bioceramics Group, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA; Director-General: Masakazu Aono), National Institute for Materials Science (President: Sukekatsu Ushioda), and a research group including Masayoshi Uezona (graduate student), Prof. Kazuo Takakuda (Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering), Prof. Keiji Moriyama (School of Dentistry, Maxillofacial Orthognathics), and others at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (President; Takashi Ohyama) succeeded in developing a coating which accelerates bonding with bone by three times.

Orthodontic subperiosteal devices are superior in terms of low invasiveness, but because bonding with bone on the surface of the bone is necessary, a minimum waiting time of approximately three months had been required until medical use was possible, even when coating treatment was performed with hydroxy apatite (HAp). In order to shorten this time, the device shape was optimized and a new coating method was developed in joint work by NIMS and Tokyo Medical and Dental University. As a result, a coating method which realizes in only one month the same bone coverage as after 3 months with the conventional device was established.

source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/dentistry/

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…Arnus…