Well I’ve become a wee bit obsessed with Auchinleck, an estate (rooted in Auchinleck House, before that the Old House, before that the Castle) in Ayrshire in southwest Scotland. This is my composite rendering of the Ordnance Survey map of Scotland (6″:1mile version) from 1856-57, pub. 1860. Here, I’ve highlighted the Auchinleck estate as it was bordered by other estates and towns and parishes in the mid c19. The Boswell family--as in, yes, James Boswell, Scottish historian and bff of Dr. Samuel Johnson--owned the estate since the early modern period. Boswell’s father left him the property in 1792; after James’s death, his living sons inherited it. The entire property by 1856-57 consisted of “24,295.089″ acres (or 37.9610765625 square miles!) of land. In the 1790s, this included 104 farms and roughly 800 tenants and other residents across the property. It’s... BANANAS.
And the wildest part is, this isn’t even an especially large or remarkable estate. Even nearby there are several LARGE family houses (owned by the Earl of Dumfries, for example) with LOTS more land, some of it way more profitable even by the early 1800s, and therefore either more labo(u)rers to work the land, advanced industrial mechanization to yield from it, or both. Picture #2 is a county (shire) map from 1774 of “Ayr-shire”: Auchinleck (spelled “Auchenleck” is right in the middle, near Ochiltree; but Dumfries House is right there to the south; and Sundrum Castle (still extant) is there to the slightly west of that, above the main road to Ayr. [Will provide a further citation for some of this info once my cat leaves my lap.]
BIG appreciation to the National Library of Scotland maps collection for digitizing these incredibly high-quality maps. No copyright infringement intended: just enjoying the view!