Application of bitumen emulsions
Application of bitumen emulsions Emulsifying molecules surround the bitumen molecules and prevent the bitumen particles from accumulating and re-adhering to each other, and these particles are surrounded by water. Emulsifying agents include colloidal mineral emulsifiers such as bentonite soil "emulsion fire" and chemical emulsifiers such as soap. Bentonite mineral emulsifier "Emulsion Fire" is more resistant to weathering than chemical emulsifier. To prepare bitumen emulsion, they use devices known as fast rotating devices. Water, molten bitumen and emulsifying agent in these devices are placed between the plates that are rotating at high speed and the bitumen is dispersed in water due to the centrifugal force produced by the rotating plates. The speed of rotating plates is usually 3,000 rpm, but bitumen emulsions can also be produced by low-speed mixers. But in these cases, a strong emulsifying agent as well as bitumen should be used to melt at low temperatures. Usually the amount of bitumen in the bitumen emulsion is about 50% and the amount of emulsifying agent used in the bitumen emulsion varies from one hundredth to five percent.
Types of bitumen emulsions Bitumen emulsions can be classified in terms of breaking rate and electrical charge of suspended particles.
Classification of bituminous emulsions in terms of breaking rate
After the bitumen emulsion is used, the water in the mixture separates and evaporates, and the bitumen gradually coats the road surface or around the aggregates, a process called emulsion failure.
Bitumen emulsions are divided into three main groups based on their stability against breaking: fast breaker (unstable), slow breaker (semi-stable) and slow breaker (stable).
Bitumen breaker emulsion (unstable) Unstable bitumen emulsions break down very quickly on the surface of the material, leaving a very thin layer of bitumen. Their main uses are in sealing with stone materials, sealing with sand, surface asphalts and penetrating macadam.
Accelerating bitumen emulsions are very slow to prevent them from flowing on the road surface. Slow-breaking bitumen emulsions (semi-stable) This category includes bitumen emulsions that are more stable than brittle emulsions and can be mixed with stone materials.
Because they do not break immediately after contact with the aggregates, the asphalt mixture maintains its performance for several minutes.
These emulsions are often prepared in mobile asphalt plants or used in the form of mixed asphalt on site. Slow-breaking bitumen emulsions provide a better coating on stone materials at high ambient temperatures.
Bitumen emulsion
Delayable bitumen emulsions This category includes bitumen emulsions that are very stable after contact with stone materials. These emulsions can be used with stone aggregates with continuous granulation and large amounts of fines.
Refractory bitumen emulsions have a small amount of frankincense, which can be further reduced by adding water. When diluted, this group can be used for surface coating, pavement sealing without aggregate consumption, and dust suppression.
Portland cement or hydrated lime can be added if a faster breaking rate is required in the asphalt mixture, for example in bituminous emulsion mortars.
Preparation of bitumen emulsions Using bitumen emulsions to build and maintain roads is not a new method. Its applications are limited to bitumen spraying and dust stabilization on sandy and dirt roads.
Currently, the most used of these bitumens in the free construction of roads and highways, main, secondary and rural roads by cold asphalt, types of protective asphalts (surface asphalt, bitumen emulsion sealing grout, etc.), surface coating, use in staining and maintenance and improvement Ways are soil stabilization and dust suppression.
One of the advantages of bitumen emulsion over soluble bitumen is that it can be used on wet surfaces, which leaves a thin layer of bitumen on stone materials or pavement surfaces without losing adhesion.
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