Skull studies of three iconic, crested, Jurassic theropod dinosaurs. I wanted my own references on hand so I could understand the exact differences between each genus. The Allosaurus was based on a photo of a fossilized skull on display. The Dilophosaurus and Ceratosaurus were based on preexisting illustrations. The former studies were copied directly from drawings done by Brian Engh, showcased in this video.
This is what I've been doing all evening. The pattern was made by Brian Engh, paleontology artist and I printed it, cut out and followed his tutorial on YouTube. It was hard to cut everything and tricky to put it together lol after about 6 hours if work i finally have this baby
[Commissioned by @glarnboudin. The original image was posted to Twitter, possibly as part of the #buildabetterfaketheropod movement, but appears to have been deleted. The little horns got me thinking “devil dinosaur”, and then it kept going. In the Pathfinder setting, my favorite daemonic harbinger is Deceid, the lord of invasive species and ecosystem collapses. I think he had a hand in these guys’ creation.]
Stygionyx
CR 15 NE Magical Beast
This massive reptile looks like a cross between a dinosaur and a crocodile, with white eyes and a pair of horns over its fanged maw. A jagged ridge grows along its back, and its long arms end with scythe-like claws.
Even the Outer Planes can suffer the effects of invasive species. Dinosaurs are not uncommon in the Abyss, particularly with the fiendish template, as various demon lords maintain primeval aspects to their layers or count reptilian humanoids as their worshippers. Among the carnivorous dinosaurs, the spinosaurus is one of the largest and most resilient, and they eventually escaped into the River Styx. Rather than being locked into a fugue state and becoming just another casualty of that mighty river, they were molded into even more fearsome semiaquatic predators. Stygionyxes now patrol all of the Lower Planes, seeking to make petitioners and fiends alike into toothsome snacks.
A stygionix is sapient, but they act much as their animal ancestors did, as ambush predators of waterways. Their claws and teeth pass through the hides of fiends with ease, and they radiate an aura that makes teleportation impossible. Once combat is joined, they will often fight until slain, still thrashing and slashing to the bitter end.
Acclimation to the River Styx has granted stygionyxes immunity to all manner of mind influencing effects and spells, making them difficult monsters to control. They can be negotiated with, but their single minded dedication towards hunting and eating leaves little room for compromise. Some fiends turn them against their enemies with promises of novel delicacies (such as celestial beings or mortals), or merely lure them into positions where their depredations can play a purpose. Fiendish warriors of many species hunt them for trophies or sport, but the hunter frequently ends up the hunted.
A stygionyx grows more than fifty feet long. The oldest specimens can live for a century.
Stygionyx CR 15
XP 51,200
NE Gargantuan magical beast (extraplanar)
Init +8; Senses darkvision 120 ft., Perception +22, scent
Aura interdiction (30 ft.)
Defense
AC 30, touch 10, flat-footed 26 (-4 size, +4 Dex, +20 natural)
hp 230 (20d10+120); fast healing 5
Fort +18, Ref +18, Will +11
Immune mind-influencing effects; Resist acid 10, cold 10, fire 10; SR 26
Defensive Abilities ferocity
Offense
Speed 40 ft., swim 50 ft.
Melee 2 claws +28 (2d8+12/19-20), bite +28 (3d6+12/19-20)
Space 20 ft.; Reach 20 ft.
Special Attacks capsize, rend (2 claws, 2d8+18), swallow whole (AC 20, 23 hp, 2d8+18 bludgeoning)
Statistics
Str 34, Dex 19, Con 22, Int 6, Wis 17, Cha 17
Base Atk +20; CMB +36 (+40 grapple); CMD 50
Feats Combat Reflexes, Critical Focus, Improved Critical (bite, claw), Improved Initiative, Iron Will, Lightning Reflexes, Skill Focus (Perception, Stealth), Staggering Critical
Skills Perception +22, Stealth +11 (+19 underwater), Swim +20; Racial Modifiers +8 Stealth underwater
Languages Abyssal, Infernal
SQ fiendslayer, hold breath
Ecology
Environment any aquatic (River Styx)
Organization solitary, pair or float (3-6)
Treasure incidental
Special Abilities
Fiendslayer (Su) A stygionyx’s natural weapons penetrate all damage reduction, except for damage reduction /epic, of any outsider with the evil subtype.
Interdiction Aura (Su) All interdimensional travel within a 30 foot radius of a stygionyx is impossible, as per a dimensional lock spell.
I Know Dino #Podcast Episode 266: All of the best dinosaur discoveries in 2019. Plus #Dinosaur of the Day Futalognkosaurus, one of the most complete titanosaurs ever found.
Episode 266 is all about Futalognkosaurus, one of the most complete titanosaurs ever found.
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A new study posits that our old way of reconstructing the skull roof of dinosaurs is incorrect. The dinosaurs, especially those with the biggest holes within their skulls, had a network of blood vessels and lumps of fatty tissue which helped them to release and gain heat as needed, just like their modern crocodilian cousins. __________________________________________________________________ Check out our merchandise stores, or else… ...we’ll feed you to a Tyrannosaur…
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Holliday, C.M., Porter, W.R., Vliet, K.A., and Witmer, L.A., 2019, The Frontoparietal Fossa and Dorsotemporal Fenestra of Archosaurs and their significance for interpretations of Vascular and Muscular Anatomy in Dinosaurs: The Anatomical Record.
Phys.org, 2019, Study suggests T. rex had an air conditioner in its head: https://m.phys.org/news/2019-09-rex-a... (Accessed September, 2019).
Not all paleontologists agree that sauropods competed for mates by bashing their necks together. Some have suggested that they could have used them in a far less aggressive manner.
This 2010 piece by paleoartist Brian Engh, titled “Sauroposeidon showdown,” portrays one of those options with a male sauropod attempting to intimidate a rival by puffing out sacks located along his neck in a manner similar to some modern day reptiles and birds as well as amphibians and even mammals.
You can read more about the science behind Engh’s art here.
The 2nd and 3rd sketches are based on something I doodled in one of my older sketchbooks. I’m trying to flesh it out a bit. Almost all the drawings from the last image are copied from this YouTube video by palaeoartist Brian Engh. The exception is the flamingo drawing; I copied that from a picture of a real flamingo found online. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Eqd77P2Z18