How is the composting process of organic fertilizer carried out?
Organic composting is actually a form of waste stabilization, but it requires special humidity, aeration conditions and microorganisms to produce appropriate temperature. In the fertilizer production process, it is generally believed that the temperature should be higher than 45 ℃, keeping this high temperature can inactivate the pathogen and kill the weed seeds. After reasonable composting, the residual organic matter decomposition rate is low, relatively stable and easy to be absorbed by plants. The odor can be greatly reduced after composting. There are many different kinds of microorganisms involved in the composting process. Due to the change of raw materials and conditions, the amount of various microorganisms is also constantly changing, so no microorganism has always been dominant in the composting process. Each environment has its own specific microbial flora. The diversity of microorganisms makes the composting system collapse even when the external conditions change.
The composting process of organic fertilizer machine mainly depends on the role of microorganisms, which are the main body of composting fermentation. There are two sources of microorganisms involved in composting: one is the original large number of microorganisms in organic waste; the other is artificial microbial inoculants. Under certain conditions, these strains have a strong ability to decompose some organic wastes, with strong activity, rapid reproduction and rapid decomposition of organic matter, which can accelerate the process of composting reaction and shorten the time of composting reaction.
Composting is generally divided into aerobic composting and anaerobic composting. Aerobic composting is the decomposition process of organic materials under aerobic conditions, and the main metabolites are carbon dioxide, water and heat; anaerobic composting is the decomposition process of organic materials under anaerobic conditions, and the metabolites after anaerobic decomposition are methane, carbon dioxide and many intermediate products with low molecular weight, such as organic acids. The main microbial species involved in composting are bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. These three kinds of microorganisms have medium temperature bacteria and high temperature bacteria. During the composting process, the microbial population changed alternately with the change of temperature: low and medium temperature bacteria changed into medium and high temperature bacteria, and medium and high temperature bacteria transformed into medium low temperature bacteria. With the extension of composting time, bacteria gradually decreased, actinomycetes increased, mold and yeast decreased significantly at the end of composting.
There are two steps to process commercial organic fertilizer in the organic fertilizer production line: early fermentation and treatment part and deep processing granulation part. Organic fertilizer equipment needs fermentation compost windrow turner, crusher, mixer, organic fertilizer granulator, dryer, cooler, screening machine, coating machine, packaging machine, conveyor and other equipment.
