Even before Putin started his unprovoked war of aggression, Russia was not experiencing great population stability. But as many as 208,370 Russians have died and more have been wounded in the war. Additionally, hundreds of thousands more have fled the country since early 2022.
The Economist writes (archived)...
A DEMOGRAPHIC TRAGEDY is unfolding in Russia. Over the past three years the country has lost around 2m more people than it would ordinarily have done, as a result of war, disease and exodus. The life expectancy of Russian males aged 15 fell by almost five years, to the same level as in Haiti. The number of Russians born in April 2022 was no higher than it had been in the months of Hitler’s occupation. And because so many men of fighting age are dead or in exile, women now outnumber men by at least 10m.
According to Alexei Raksha, an independent demographer who used to work for the state statistics service, if you look just at peacetime years, the number of births registered in April 2022 was the lowest since the 18th century.
Putin has been trying to emulate Peter the Great. The only way he’s managed to do so is in lowering the number of births in Russia to what it was in Peter’s time.
Putin’s pandemic response was terrible.
All this began before the war and reflects Russia’s appalling covid pandemic. The official death toll from the disease was 388,091, which would be relatively low; but The Economist estimates total excess deaths in 2020-23 at between 1.2m and 1.6m. That would be comparable to the number in China and the United States, which have much larger populations. Russia may have had the largest covid death toll in the world after India, and the highest mortality rate of all, with 850-1,100 deaths per 100,000 people.
Anybody who observed the way Putin handled COVID-19 could not have been surprised by his failure in Ukraine.
The demographic doom loop has not, it appears, diminished Mr Putin’s craving for conquest. But it is rapidly making Russia a smaller, worse-educated and poorer country, from which young people flee and where men die in their 60s. The invasion has been a human catastrophe—and not only for Ukrainians.
You know, this “demographic doom loop“ may be one of the reasons Russia is abducting children in Ukraine and bringing them to Russia.
Ukraine war: The mothers going to get their children back from Russia
After the war, Ukraine will rebuild and will prosper. Ukrainians are among the most innovative, resourceful, and energetic people on the planet. The country has remained standing because of the strength of its people.
After the war, Russia will still be Russia – a kleptocracy run by oligarchs who keep the bulk of the declining population poor and ignorant.
The difference between Russia and Ukraine will increasingly resemble the difference between North Korea and South Korea.