An encyclopaedia is a compendium of knowledge that we regard as a source of reliable and credible information. A dataset against which we can confront our doubts. A sure shot. But what if a single, smallest error sneaks into something certain and irrefutable? Doesn't this cast doubt on the rest and render the whole thing useless?
"Encyclopaedia" is a project that consists of several hundred fake entries, from different places and different periods of time, illustrated with stock photographs manipulated by Weronika and images created with the help of AI.
Fictitious entries are deliberately incorrect entries in encyclopedias, dictionaries or lexicons placed by editors as protection against plagiarism.
These range from those that immediately make us doubt their veracity, to those that would probably go unnoticed by most people. Usually these are single entries, although there have been publications with up to several dozen such 'mistakes'.
Intentionally placing false information in texts that are intended to expand knowledge or verify facts may raise a lot of controversy. On the other hand, we live in times of manipulation, where it is common to publish edited photographs, and soon it will be equally common to generate AI images as illustrations for articles or daily news.
Knowledge becomes something volatile and uncertain, and we are left with the daily search for what is true.
Courtesy: Blow Up Press
Cover: Versett, Lawrence Douglas (c. 1891 – July 5, 1965), a pioneering Albertan homesteader, amateur pilot, and master tool-builder. He is the namesake of the Douglas mountain range in Alberta’s Rocky Mountains.
An Entry About Yugoslavia in an Old Indonesian Encyclopaedia About Geography
Photos of pages of the Indonesian Encyclopedia geography series featuring the entry about Yugoslavia. This book was published by PT Ichtiar Baru van Hoeve in 1989. This company is known as a producer of encyclopaedias and other reference books.
There are some typos and inaccuracies in this entry. I know because Indonesian is my native language. For example "Serbia" is written as "Servia" which is an outdated and controversial term to refer to Serbia. But other than that, the information is correct.
As always, in any book you read about Yugoslavia, including encyclopedias, it is impossible not to find a picture of the old city of Dubrovnik in Croatia. One of the most beautiful places in the Balkans. One day I will go there, for sure.
Even though I, and maybe you too, were not born when Yugoslavia still existed, Yugoslavia will always be in our hearts. It's not perfect of course but it was a proof that that in the development of socialism to achieve communism, it must be adapted to national conditions.
Taken on Wednesday, 11 June, 2025 from 12:28 to 12:31 with Samsung Galaxy A05s at Perkamil Sub-district, Paal Dua District, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
1530s, "general course of instruction," from Modern Latin encyclopaedia (c. 1500), thought to be a false reading by Latin authors of Greek enkyklios paideia taken as "general education," but literally "training in a circle," i.e. the "circle" of arts and sciences, the essentials of a liberal education; from enkyklios "circular," also "general" (from en "in;" see in + kyklos "circle;" from PIE root *kwel- (1) "revolve, move round") + paideia "education, child-rearing," from pais (genitive paidos) "child" (see pedo-).
Modern sense of "reference work arranged alphabetically" is from 1640s, often applied specifically to the French Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des Sciences, des Arts, et des Métiers (1751-65). Related: Encyclopedist.
The gardenia (genus) is a flower that symbolizes purity and gentleness. However, this symbolism often depends on the color of the gardenia. For example, the white gardenia best fits this meaning. Another symbol of the gardenia is secret love between two people and also joy. Finally, we must note that the gardenia symbolizes everything related to the spiritual world, especially pure attraction. It’s a mystical flower associated with the power of attraction and positive energy.
Amazing facts about gardenia flower
Gardenia is a genus of flowering plants in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Madagascar and Pacific Islands, and Australia.
The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus and John Ellis after Alexander Garden (1730–1791),
Cultivation :
Gardenia jasminoides is cultivated as a house plant. This species can be difficult to grow because it originated in warm humid tropical areas. It demands high humidity to thrive, and bright (not direct) light. at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight through a sunny window. Make sure your Gardenia soil is moist and well-drained. Gardenias need at least 1 inch of rain (or equivalent watering) each week. Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) is also known as cape jasmine and is an evergreen shrub that typically grows to a height of 3 to 8 feet, depending upon the cultivar. Spread is usually about the same as the height. The foliage of well-fed shrubs is glossy, dark-green, 2- to 4-inches long and half as wide. Flowering is from about mid-spring to mid-summer, and many species are strongly scented.
Description :
Gardenias are evergreen shrubs and small trees growing to 1–15 metres (3.3–49.2 ft) tall. The leaves are opposite or in whorls of three or four, 5–50 centimetres (2.0–19.7 in) long and 3–25 centimetres (1.2–9.8 in) broad, dark green and glossy with a leathery texture.
Scent of gardenia:
gardenia smells more feminine than jasmine, creamier than ylang ylang, and lighter than tuberose. Interestingly, the gardenia flower is capable of changing scents throughout the day.Their long lasting, fragrant white flowers bloom from late spring to fall.
History of :
In France, gardenias are the flower traditionally worn by men as boutonnière when in evening dress. In The Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton suggests it was customary for upper-class men from New York City to wear a gardenia in their buttonhole during the Gilded Age.
In Tiki culture, "Donn Beach", aka Don the Beachcomber, frequently wore a fresh lei of gardenias almost every day at his Tiki bars, allegedly spending $7,800 for flowers over the course of four years in 1938. He named one of his drinks the Mystery Gardenia cocktail. Trader Vic frequently used the gardenia as a flower garnish in his Tiki drinks, such as in the Scorpion and Outrigger Tiara cocktails.
main features of the gardenia:
The gardenia has large, lush leaves.
There are many varieties of this plant species.
Gardenias are originally from Asia.
Meaning behind white gardenia :
the white gardenia stands out because it has the greatest symbolism. The white color of its petals symbolizes the purity of a loved one, the purity of a relationship, etc. Gardenias in this color convey peace and harmony
Meaning behind red gardenia:
The red gardenia symbolizes the secret love between two people. Like red roses, red gardenias are also a symbol of passion and love, but associated with secrecy. Usually the gift of red gardenias is a silent way of saying “I love you.” Red gardenias convey several feelings, not just love, towards a person. They also show: admiration, respect, Red Gardenia flower meaning- Affection for deep love and promises is all we need in life. The Red Gardenia symbolizes love at first sight. etc.
Yellow Gardenia flower meaning- How about having a sweet memory of someone unconsciously? The Yellow gardenias flowers symbolize dreams.
Orange Gardenia flower meaning- Every person deserves someone who can be there every time. The Orange gardenia flowers symbolize hope.
Pink Gardenia flowers meaning- What’s better than giving a fresh start in any relationship? Pink gardenia flowers symbolize beauty and renewal.
128 species in this genus, as follows:
Gardenia actinocarpa Puttock
Gardenia anapetes A.C.Sm.
Gardenia angkorensis Pit.
Gardenia annamensis Pit.
Gardenia aqualla Stapf & Hutch.
Gardenia archboldiana Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia aubryi Vieill.
Gardenia barnesii Merr.
Gardenia beamanii Y.W.Low
Gardenia boninensis (Nakai) Tuyama ex T.Yamaz.
Gardenia brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert
Gardenia brevicalyx Rakoton. & A.P.Davis
Gardenia brighamii H.Mann
Gardenia buffalina (Lour.) Poir.
Gardenia cambodiana Pit.
Gardenia candida A.C.Sm.
Gardenia carinata Wall. ex Roxb.
Gardenia carstensensis Wernham
Gardenia chanii Y.W.Low
Gardenia chevalieri Pit.
Gardenia clemensiae Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia collinsiae Craib
Gardenia cornuta Hemsl.
Gardenia coronaria Banks
Gardenia costulata Ridl.
Gardenia crameri Tirveng.
Gardenia cuneata Kurz
Gardenia dacryoides A.Cunn. ex Puttock
Gardenia elata Ridl.
Gardenia epiphytica Jongkind
Gardenia erubescens Stapf & Hutch.
Gardenia esculenta Stokes
Gardenia ewartii Puttock
Gardenia faucicola Puttock
Gardenia fiorii Chiov.
Gardenia flava (Lour.) Poir.
Gardenia fosbergii Tirveng.
Gardenia fucata R.Br. ex Benth.
Gardenia fusca E.T.Geddes
Gardenia gardneri Puttock
Gardenia gjellerupii Valeton
Gardenia gordonii Baker
Gardenia grievei Horne ex Baker
Gardenia griffithii Hook.f.
Gardenia gummifera L.f.
Gardenia hageniana Gilli
Gardenia hainanensis Merr.
Gardenia hansemannii K.Schum.
Gardenia hillii Horne ex Baker
Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill
Gardenia imperialis K.Schum.
Gardenia invaginata Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia ixorifolia R.Br. ex Hook.f.
Gardenia jabiluka Puttock
Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis
Gardenia kabaenensis Y.W.Low
Gardenia kakaduensis Puttock
Gardenia kamialiensis Takeuchi
Gardenia lacciflua K.Krause
Gardenia lamingtonii F.M.Bailey
Gardenia lanutoo Reinecke
Gardenia latifolia Aiton
Gardenia leopoldiana De Wild. & T.Durand
Gardenia leschenaultii D.Dietr.
Gardenia longistipula Y.W.Low
Gardenia magnifica E.T.Geddes
Gardenia mannii H.St.John & Kuykendall
Gardenia manongarivensis Rakoton. & A.P.Davis
Gardenia maugaloae Lauterb.
Gardenia megasperma F.Muell.
Gardenia moszkowskii Valeton
Gardenia mutabilis Reinw. ex Blume
Gardenia nitida Hook.
Gardenia obtusifolia Roxb. ex Hook.f.
Gardenia ornata K.M.Wong
Gardenia oudiepe Vieill.
Gardenia ovularis F.M.Bailey
Gardenia pallens Merr. & L.M.Perry
Gardenia panduriformis Pierre ex Pit.
Gardenia papuana F.M.Bailey
Gardenia philastrei Pierre ex Pit.
Gardenia posoquerioides S.Moore
Gardenia propinqua Lindl.
Gardenia psidioides Puttock
Gardenia pterocalyx Valeton
Gardenia pyriformis A.Cunn. ex Benth.
Gardenia racemulosa Korth.
Gardenia reflexisepala N.H.Xia & X.E.Ye
Gardenia reinwardtiana Blume
Gardenia remyi H.Mann
Gardenia resinifera Roth
Gardenia resiniflua Hiern
Gardenia resinosa F.Muell.
Gardenia rupicola Puttock
Gardenia rutenbergiana (Baill. ex Vatke) J.-F.Leroy
