Apr 29
Histochemical evidence for nitrogen-transfer Endosymbiosis in non-photosynthetic cells of leaves and inflorescence bracts of angiosperms
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Histochemical evidence for nitrogen-transfer Endosymbiosis in non-photosynthetic cells of leaves and inflorescence bracts of angiosperms
People’s initiative in managing mangrove refers to the involvement of local communities in planning, implementing, and monitoring mangrove restoration and conservation activities. It has been successful in many nations throughout the world to involve people in managing mangrove forests. This study assessed the community’s level of knowledge, awareness, as well as the practices used by the environmental agency and locals in managing mangrove forest that can be used to attain sustainable management. This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods relying on quantitative survey data and qualitative information gathered from the key informant interview respondents. Mangroves are important for preventing erosion, maintaining water quality, and reducing pollution; mangroves also provide a source of income and nourishment for the community, protecting them from natural disasters. The study found that the respondents were aware of the importance of mangroves in terms of wildling/seedling collection, planting, monitoring/protection, and its role in ecological and economic aspects. Further studies are recommended to assess the drivers and barriers of community participation and engagement in mangrove management, assess policy enforcement, and explore the perceptions and preferences of the community regarding guidance and support.
Antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc TR4)
Abstract People’s initiative in managing mangrove refers to the involvement of local communities in planning, implementing, and monitoring mangrove restoration and conservation activities. It has been successful in many nations throughout the world to involve people in managing mangrove forests. This study assessed the community’s level of knowledge, awareness, as well as the practices used by…
People’s initiative in managing mangrove refers to the involvement of local communities in planning, implementing, and monitoring mangrove restoration and conservation activities. It has been successful in many nations throughout the world to involve people in managing mangrove forests. This study assessed the community’s level of knowledge, awareness, as well as the practices used by the environmental agency and locals in managing mangrove forest that can be used to attain sustainable management. This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods relying on quantitative survey data and qualitative information gathered from the key informant interview respondents. Mangroves are important for preventing erosion, maintaining water quality, and reducing pollution; mangroves also provide a source of income and nourishment for the community, protecting them from natural disasters. The study found that the respondents were aware of the importance of mangroves in terms of wildling/seedling collection, planting, monitoring/protection, and its role in ecological and economic aspects. Further studies are recommended to assess the drivers and barriers of community participation and engagement in mangrove management, assess policy enforcement, and explore the perceptions and preferences of the community regarding guidance and support.
Khaya senegalensis is a plant widely used in Benin’s traditional medicine for treating various diseases. Due to overexploitation, it faces anthropogenic pressure, threatening its extinction. This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic and antimicrobial activities of endophytes in Khaya senegalensis. Fresh leaves, stems, and roots collected from Abomey-Calavi were sterilized and cultured on specific media to isolate bacterial and fungal endophytes. The isolation rate of these endophytes was determined. Their enzymatic activities (amylase, lecithinase, lipase, cellulase) were explored, and the antimicrobial activity of these endophytes against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans was evaluated by agar diffusion. The results revealed that the leaves of Khaya senegalensis had the highest endophyte isolation rate, with Bacillus spp. (46.67%) dominating among bacteria and Alternaria spp. (35.71%) predominating among fungi. All isolated bacterial endophytes showed varied enzymatic activities (catalase, amylase, lecithinase, hemolysin) but no antimicrobial activity against the tested strains. However, the fungal endophytes inhibited bacterial strains to varying degrees but had no effect on Candida albicans. Fungal isolates F1c, F3a, and T2c exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains, with F1c showing the greatest potential. This study highlights the diversity of bacterial and fungal endophytes in Khaya senegalensis, which exhibit different enzymatic and antimicrobial profiles.
Endophytes have a symbiotic relationship with the different parts of plants and could play a very important role in supporting the plant growth. The effects of endophytic bacterial communities in cabbage have not been studied yet in Pakistan. In present study, ten different genera of bacterial endophytes isolated from citrus leaves were selected to estimate their effects on cabbage physiology at seedlings stage in glass house. To know the extent of colonization of these bacterial endophytes on cabbage as a host or non-host tissues bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL-1) were inoculated on the backside of the cabbage seedlings leave by injection syringe in green house. Five weeks after inoculation the plants were analyzed for the physical (SL, RL, SFW, RFW, SDW, RDW), bio-physical (Relative leaf water contents) & physiological (Phenolic, Flavonoids, Total soluble sugars, chlorophyll a, b& carotenoid contents) by using standard methods describe in text. According to results Bacillus safensis (shoot length, chlorophyll b contents), Bacillus megaterium (root length, phenolic compound), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (root fresh weight, total soluble sugars, flavonoids and carotenoids contents), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (shoot fresh/dry weight and relative leaf water contents)imparts beneficial effects on physiological functioning of cabbage in comparison to non-inoculated plants. Results indicated that test microbial endophytes possessing a dynamic role to improve plant growth and could be used as inoculants to establish a sustainable crop production system. However, a comprehensive approach is needed to evaluate the potential of these bacterial endophytes to improve the quality and yield in cabbage under field conditions.
Khaya senegalensis is a plant widely used in Benin’s traditional medicine for treating various diseases. Due to overexploitation, it faces anthropogenic pressure, threatening its extinction. This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic and antimicrobial activities of endophytes in Khaya senegalensis. Fresh leaves, stems, and roots collected from Abomey-Calavi were sterilized and cultured on specific media to isolate bacterial and fungal endophytes. The isolation rate of these endophytes was determined. Their enzymatic activities (amylase, lecithinase, lipase, cellulase) were explored, and the antimicrobial activity of these endophytes against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans was evaluated by agar diffusion. The results revealed that the leaves of Khaya senegalensis had the highest endophyte isolation rate, with Bacillus spp. (46.67%) dominating among bacteria and Alternaria spp. (35.71%) predominating among fungi. All isolated bacterial endophytes showed varied enzymatic activities (catalase, amylase, lecithinase, hemolysin) but no antimicrobial activity against the tested strains. However, the fungal endophytes inhibited bacterial strains to varying degrees but had no effect on Candida albicans. Fungal isolates F1c, F3a, and T2c exhibited antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains, with F1c showing the greatest potential. This study highlights the diversity of bacterial and fungal endophytes in Khaya senegalensis, which exhibit different enzymatic and antimicrobial profiles.
This study aimed at selecting cocoa tree endophytic bacteria antagonistic to Phytophthora spp. in view to produce a new biofungicide capable of controlling black pod disease. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from healthy organs (roots, leaves and stems) of young nurseries of two clones NA32 and P7. These isolates were confronted in vitro with two Phytophthora species (Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya). Leaf and detached pod tests were carried out in a four-factor split-plot randomized experimental design. At total, 116 endophytic bacteria were isolated. These bacteria inhibited the radial growth of Phytophthora by 25.3±1.5 to 70.54±2.14%. Four isolates 48P, 60P, 23P and 18N were more effective in in vitro tests. The susceptibility index of the clone NA32 was reduced from 3.0 to 0.97 on leaf discs and from 7.57 to 1.27 on detached pods. These endophytic bacteria induced resistance to clone NA32 and increased the intrinsic resistance of clones PA150 and SCA6. Endophytic bacteria can be used for biocontrol of black pod disease. However, field trials are needed to confirm the stability of these laboratory results.