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Welcome to the Mastering Series on HTML Tags & Attributes! In this article, we'll delve deep into the core elements of HTML, exploring vario

Mastering Series: HTML Tags & Attributes

Welcome to the Mastering Series on HTML Tags & Attributes! In this article, we'll delve deep into the core elements of HTML, exploring various tags and attributes that form the building blocks of web development. Whether you're a novice looking to enhance your understanding of HTML or a seasoned developer seeking to master the intricacies of HTML tags and attributes, this comprehensive guide is designed to empower you with valuable insights and practical knowledge.

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In-depth Guide to HTML Tags and Attributes in Hindi | Learn HTML for Web Development

In this video, we dive deep into the world of HTML tags and attributes. We explore HTML tags such as html, head, body, div, span, and more, explaining their features and uses. We also cover HTML attributes like href, src, alt, title, style, and more. By the end of this video, you'll have a better understanding of these aspects of HTML and how to use them effectively in web development.

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We have seen few HTML tags and their usage like heading tags <h1>, <h2>,paragraph tag <p> and other tags. We used them so far in their simplest form, but most of the HTML tags can also have attributes, which are extra bits of information.

All HTML elements can have attributes.

Attributes provide additional information about an element.

Attributes are always specified in the start tag.

Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

An attribute is used to define the characteristics of an HTML element and is placed inside the element’s opening tag. All attributes are made up of two parts − a name and a value

The name is the property you want to set. For example, the paragraph <p> element in the example carries an attribute whose name is align, which you can use to indicate the alignment of paragraph on the page.

The value is what you want the value of the property to be set and always put within quotations. The below example shows three possible values of align attribute: left, center and right.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Align Attribute Example</title>

</head>

<body>

<p align = “left”>This is left aligned</p>

<p align = “center”>This is center aligned</p>

<p align = “right”>This is right aligned</p>

</body>

</html>

THE HREF ATTRIBUTE

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:

EXAMPLE

THE SRC ATTRIBUTE

HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

The filename of the image source is specified in the src attribute:

EXAMPLE

THE WIDTH AND HEIGHT ATTRIBUTES

Images in HTML have a set of size attributes, which specifies the width and height of the image:

EXAMPLE

THE ALT ATTRIBUTE

The alt attribute specifies an alternative text to be used, when an image cannot be displayed.

The value of the attribute can be read by screen readers. This way, someone “listening” to the webpage, e.g. a vision impaired person, can “hear” the element.

EXAMPLE

The alt attribute is also useful if the image does not exist.

CORE ATTRIBUTES

The four core attributes that can be used on the majority of HTML elements (although not all) are −

Title

Class

Style

THE ID ATTRIBUTE

The id attribute of an HTML tag can be used to uniquely identify any element within an HTML page. There are two primary reasons that you might want to use an id attribute on an element −

If an element carries an id attribute as a unique identifier, it is possible to identify just that element and its content.

If you have two elements of the same name within a Web page (or style sheet), you can use the id attribute to distinguish between elements that have the same name.

We will discuss style sheet in separate tutorial. For now, let’s use the id attribute to distinguish between two paragraph elements as shown below.

EXAMPLE

<p id = “html”>This para explains what is HTML</p>

<p id = “css”>This para explains what is Cascading Style Sheet</p>

THE TITLE ATTRIBUTE

The title attribute gives a suggested title for the element. They syntax for the title attribute is similar as explained for id attribute −

The behavior of this attribute will depend upon the element that carries it, although it is often displayed as a tooltip when cursor comes over the element or while the element is loading.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>The title Attribute Example</title>

</head>

<body>

<h3 title = “Hello HTML!”>Titled Heading Tag Example</h3>

</body>

</html>

TITLED HEADING TAG EXAMPLE

THE CLASS ATTRIBUTE

The class attribute is used to associate an element with a style sheet, and specifies the class of element. You will learn more about the use of the class attribute when you will learn Cascading Style Sheet (CSS). So for now you can avoid it.

The value of the attribute may also be a space-separated list of class names. For example −

class = “className1 className2 className3”

THE STYLE ATTRIBUTE

The style attribute allows you to specify Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) rules within the element.

EXAMPLE:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>The style Attribute</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

INTERNATIONALIZATION ATTRIBUTES

There are three internationalization attributes, which are available for most (although not all) XHTML elements.

dir

lang

xml:lang

THE DIR ATTRIBUTE

The dir attribute allows you to indicate to the browser about the direction in which the text should flow. The dir attribute can take one of two values, as you can see in the table that follows −

ValueMeaning

ltrLeft to right (the default value)

rtlRight to left (for languages such as Hebrew or Arabic that are read right to left)

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Display Directions</title>

</head>

<body>

This is how IE 5 renders right-to-left directed text.

</body>

</html>

When dir attribute is used within the <html> tag, it determines how text will be presented within the entire document. When used within another tag, it controls the text’s direction for just the content of that tag.

THE LANG ATTRIBUTE

The lang attribute allows you to indicate the main language used in a document, but this attribute was kept in HTML only for backwards compatibility with earlier versions of HTML. This attribute has been replaced by the xml:lang attribute in new XHTML documents.

The values of the lang attribute are ISO-639 standard two-character language codes. Check HTML Language Codes: ISO 639 for a complete list of language codes.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>English Language Page</title>

</head>

<body>

This page is using English Language

</body>

</html>

THE XML:LANG ATTRIBUTE

The xml:lang attribute is the XHTML replacement for the lang attribute. The value of the xml:lang attribute should be an ISO-639 country code as mentioned in previous section.

GENERIC ATTRIBUTES

Here’s a table of some other attributes that are readily usable with many of the HTML tags.

AttributeOptionsFunction

alignright, left, centerHorizontally aligns tags

valigntop, middle, bottomVertically aligns tags within an HTML element.

bgcolornumeric, hexidecimal, RGB valuesPlaces a background color behind an element

backgroundURLPlaces a background image behind an element

idUser DefinedNames an element for use with Cascading Style Sheets.

classUser DefinedClassifies an element for use with Cascading Style Sheets.

widthNumeric ValueSpecifies the width of tables, images, or table cells.

heightNumeric ValueSpecifies the height of tables, images, or table cells.

titleUser Defined“Pop-up” title of the elements.

#htmlattributes #htmlattribute #whatishtmlattribute

ASP.NET MVC - How to set HtmlAttributes programmatically in Razor HTML helpers

If you're a seasoned ASP.NET MVC developer, you most likely already know that most Razor HTML helpers let you use an anonymous object in a parameter called htmlAttributes. As the name says, its members will be used to generate the HTML attribures of that element. For example, this: Will become this: The only two notable exceptions are Html.EditorFor and Html.DisplayFor, which uses a slightly different syntax: As we can see, even though they're using an anonymous object into an anonymous object container, the overall logic is basically the same. It's worth noting that this "enhanced" capability for the two above methods has been added in ASP.NET 5.1 to ease the life of most developers. For the sake of simplicity, we'll stick to this post topic and avoid explaining this specific behaviour: to read the whole story, we strongly suggest to read this official MS post. For now, let's just assume that we're all using ASP.NET MVC 5.1 (or above). As you probably know, anonymous types are created by the compiler at runtime level, so they aren't exactly handy when we want to modify them at execution level... to put it in other words, it just cannot be done.

The Problem

So, what if we need to assign these HTML attributes programmatically and dinamically? As a matter of fact, we can do a lot of things using variables, inline methods, conditional blocks or other viable strategies: However, there are scenarios where we need to conditionally add (or skip) certain attributes as a whole. The perfect example of this is a TextBoxFor element which we would like to set readonly only in some circumstances. The readonly attribute is a tricky one, because it works as a property setting and not as a valued attribute. Its mere presence is enough to set the element read-only, despite of its value: this basically means that there's no way to explicitly set it to FALSE. Pretty neat, isn't it? To know more about it, read here. For the above reason, we cannot do something like this:

The Solution

There are a lot of viable workarounds around the web: most of them are collected in this StackOverflow threads. However, no one of the listed one was DRY enough for my tastes. For this very reason, I did some research and eventually I came up writing this simple helper method: The above technique allows me to deal with this issue just the way I wanted to, without having to repeat a single line of code. It can be used in the following way:

Conclusion

That's it for now: I hope that the above method will help most ASP.NET MVC developers to deal with their htmlAttributes! Read the full article

#ASP.NET #ASP.NETMVC #html5 #HtmlAttributes #Razor

All HTML elements can have attributes.

Attributes provide additional information about an element.

Attributes are always specified in the start tag.

Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

An attribute is used to define the characteristics of an HTML element and is placed inside the element’s opening tag. All attributes are made up of two parts − a name and a value

The value is what you want the value of the property to be set and always put within quotations. The below example shows three possible values of align attribute: left, center and right.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Align Attribute Example</title>

</head>

<body>

<p align = “left”>This is left aligned</p>

<p align = “center”>This is center aligned</p>

<p align = “right”>This is right aligned</p>

</body>

</html>

THE HREF ATTRIBUTE

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:

EXAMPLE

THE SRC ATTRIBUTE

HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

The filename of the image source is specified in the src attribute:

EXAMPLE

THE WIDTH AND HEIGHT ATTRIBUTES

Images in HTML have a set of size attributes, which specifies the width and height of the image:

EXAMPLE

THE ALT ATTRIBUTE

The alt attribute specifies an alternative text to be used, when an image cannot be displayed.

The value of the attribute can be read by screen readers. This way, someone “listening” to the webpage, e.g. a vision impaired person, can “hear” the element.

EXAMPLE

The alt attribute is also useful if the image does not exist.

CORE ATTRIBUTES

The four core attributes that can be used on the majority of HTML elements (although not all) are −

Title

Class

Style

THE ID ATTRIBUTE

The id attribute of an HTML tag can be used to uniquely identify any element within an HTML page. There are two primary reasons that you might want to use an id attribute on an element −

If an element carries an id attribute as a unique identifier, it is possible to identify just that element and its content.

If you have two elements of the same name within a Web page (or style sheet), you can use the id attribute to distinguish between elements that have the same name.

We will discuss style sheet in separate tutorial. For now, let’s use the id attribute to distinguish between two paragraph elements as shown below.

EXAMPLE

<p id = “html”>This para explains what is HTML</p>

<p id = “css”>This para explains what is Cascading Style Sheet</p>

THE TITLE ATTRIBUTE

The title attribute gives a suggested title for the element. They syntax for the title attribute is similar as explained for id attribute −

The behavior of this attribute will depend upon the element that carries it, although it is often displayed as a tooltip when cursor comes over the element or while the element is loading.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>The title Attribute Example</title>

</head>

<body>

<h3 title = “Hello HTML!”>Titled Heading Tag Example</h3>

</body>

</html>

TITLED HEADING TAG EXAMPLE

THE CLASS ATTRIBUTE

The value of the attribute may also be a space-separated list of class names. For example −

class = “className1 className2 className3”

THE STYLE ATTRIBUTE

The style attribute allows you to specify Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) rules within the element.

EXAMPLE:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>The style Attribute</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

INTERNATIONALIZATION ATTRIBUTES

There are three internationalization attributes, which are available for most (although not all) XHTML elements.

dir

lang

xml:lang

THE DIR ATTRIBUTE

The dir attribute allows you to indicate to the browser about the direction in which the text should flow. The dir attribute can take one of two values, as you can see in the table that follows −

ValueMeaning

ltrLeft to right (the default value)

rtlRight to left (for languages such as Hebrew or Arabic that are read right to left)

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Display Directions</title>

</head>

<body>

This is how IE 5 renders right-to-left directed text.

</body>

</html>

THE LANG ATTRIBUTE

The values of the lang attribute are ISO-639 standard two-character language codes. Check HTML Language Codes: ISO 639 for a complete list of language codes.

EXAMPLE

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>English Language Page</title>

</head>

<body>

This page is using English Language

</body>

</html>

THE XML:LANG ATTRIBUTE

The xml:lang attribute is the XHTML replacement for the lang attribute. The value of the xml:lang attribute should be an ISO-639 country code as mentioned in previous section.

GENERIC ATTRIBUTES

Here’s a table of some other attributes that are readily usable with many of the HTML tags.

AttributeOptionsFunction

alignright, left, centerHorizontally aligns tags

valigntop, middle, bottomVertically aligns tags within an HTML element.

bgcolornumeric, hexidecimal, RGB valuesPlaces a background color behind an element

backgroundURLPlaces a background image behind an element

idUser DefinedNames an element for use with Cascading Style Sheets.

classUser DefinedClassifies an element for use with Cascading Style Sheets.

widthNumeric ValueSpecifies the width of tables, images, or table cells.

heightNumeric ValueSpecifies the height of tables, images, or table cells.

titleUser Defined“Pop-up” title of the elements.

#htmlattributes #htmlattribute #whatishtmlattribute

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