Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP)
I've done a post about this before, but I have more info now and I saw a cool post about HIV PEP that got me thinking about making another post.
The following are some of the diseases that you can get medication/vaccination for after getting exposed:
COVID-19: We used to have PEP for this, but it stopped being effective as the virus evolved. Another drug is coming on the market (currently in phase 3 trials) called Ensitrelvir that shows some promise.
Rabies: Rabies immunoglobulin (immunoglobulin is a drug made from antibodies), followed by the rabies vaccine series.
Tetanus: Assuming a standard vaccine series earlier in life, a single vaccine soon after a dirty wound will prevent tetanus. If no standard vaccine series, the patient needs tetanus immunoglobulin too.
HIV: This is probably the most famous PEP. It's essentially a 28-day course of the same antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV. Usually, this is a 28-day course of three antiretrovirals: emtricitabine, tenofovir, and either dolutegravir or raltegravir.
Hepatitis A: Dose of hepatitis A vaccine will work for most people. High risk individuals over the age of 40 might need human immunoglobulin as well as a vaccine dose.
Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B vaccine is weird, and a lot of people don't respond to it. If the person has titers (a blood test) that says they responded to the original series of Hep B, all they need is a booster. If they are in the process of getting vaccinated or are a known non-responder to the vaccine, they need both Hep B immunoglobulin and the vaccine.
Anthrax: A 60-day course of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin.
Lyme Disease: A single 200mg dose of the antibiotic doxycycline given within 3 days of a high risk tick bite (probably stayed attached for more than 36 hours).
Mpox (or any pox virus): Smallpox vaccine (we still have these because omg would smallpox escaping containment be BAD) given within 4 days to prevent, 14 days to lessen the severity.
Measles: EITHER an MMR or MMRV vaccine dose within 72 hours, OR a course of human immunoglobulin within 6 days. Can't do both. They cancel each other out.
Chickenpox: Not, actually, a pox virus. So either the MMRV or a varicella vaccine dose will work.
Leprosy: A single dose of the antibiotic rfampicin.
Bacterial STIs: A single dose of 200mg of the antibiotic doxycycline.
Pertussis: A course of one of a variety of different antibiotics including azithromycin.












