Milosaurus mccordi
Milosaurus was a genus of haptodontiform synapsid from the Late Carboniferous Period. Its type species is M. mccordi. Its known specimens were found in Jasper County, Illinois, USA. Milosaurus is one of the first amniotes to have a body mass above 20kg and is incredibly important in understanding the evolution of early synapsids.
Milosaurus mccordi is named for Mr. Milo Flynn and Mr. Chester McCord on whose property the fossils were found.
Its autapomorphies include mainly the odd morphology of the femur, which consists of an anteroposteriorly broad and slightly flattened anterior condyle, a uniquely cylindrical posterior condyle with a flattened distal surface, and an unusually prominent internal trochanter. Its fifth metatarsal also has a broad proximal end.
Milosaurus is known from its holotype and nearby referred fossils which consist of a pelvis, hind limb and pes, many caudual vertebrae, a lumbar vertebra, a lumbar or caudal neural spine, a presacral rib (which may actually be a femur), and a small chunk of maxilla containing two teeth. Originally, the advanced features of its skeleton placed it certainly within Sphenacodontia, but its retention of primitive features placed it more basal than Varanops. A more recent cladistic analysis from 2018 places it within Haptodontiformes, outside of Varanopsidae. The additional referred teeth, dorsal rib (femur), dorsal vertebrae, and neural arch are argued to not necessarily represent a member of Milosaurus due to additional pelycosaur discoveries in the area and are not included in the analysis.
Citation: Original description paper, Re-examination of the taxon
Wikipedia article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milosaurus








