Dear Vector Prime, are there any ideologies that prevent the Maximals from being just Autobots, and similarly, Predacons from Decepticons?
In many universes, yes, although there do exist a number of realities where the Maximals and Predacons are indeed mere subsets of the Autobots and Decepticons. One that comes to mind is the world in which Thunder Mayhem's rampage resulted in the destruction of Cybertron. For the rest, in which the Maximals and Predacons grow to completely supplant their forebears, their ideologies are quite distinct—both from each other's, and from those of their precursors.
The Maximals arose from the Great War in a strong position—in complete control of Cybertron and those colonial worlds who had survived the war more-or-less unscathed—but the final battle reduced their once-proud homeworld to a ruined husk. As the Maximals worked to rebuild their world, the new High Council oversaw a new wave of colonization and industrialization, establishing a belt of offworld mines and foundries that would accelerate the process by funnelling raw materials back to their ailing homeworld. Although Cybertron once again glimmers with cities, starports, space elevators, and monorail lines, these early efforts laid the foundations for an expansionist, industrial culture of commerce underpinned by a series of robust economic policies aimed at expanding their off-world presence via a burgeoning fleet of transwarp-capable warships—quite unlike the pacifist Autobot regime from which the Maximals arose. And, of course, Maximal culture is one built upon personal sacrifice and censorship—the Elders made the early decision to hide public records of the Great War by stripping names, dates, and locations from the archives, burning all information relating to the conflict down to its most abstract, detached form in an effort to maintain the peace that had come at such a cost.
The Predacons, meanwhile, took longer to truly coalesce as a modern faction. Years after the ratification of the Pax Cybertronia, rogue Predacon elements maintained crumbling rump states on the galactic rim, little more than jumped-up interstellar pirates seeking to maintain some twisted parody of the old Decepticon Empire. But once the Tripredacus Council seized power, its agents either brought these holdouts into the fold or simply eliminated those who did not cooperate. Modern Predacon culture venerates the Decepticons as much is socially acceptable: its members respect martial prowess, ambition, and the value of the individual. Most Predacons, however grudgingly, honor the sacrifices of past warriors like Optimus Prime and Fortress Maximus, legendary figures who brought the war to the end… but those Predacons better acquainted with their heritage also venerate forbidden figures from the past, whispering tales of Megatron and Galvatron. Loosely regulated Predacon black markets specialize in contraband Decepticon imagery and relics—bits of old armor plating, rusted blades or copies of Megatron’s old manifestos—and the Tripredacus Council keeps a close eye on collectors of such memorabilia. The Council freely encourages sedition against the Maximals—indeed, its intelligence division gleefully abets and foils would-be coups and political schemes seemingly at random—but its news services, political pundits, and public faces are united in fomenting distrust and dissent towards the Maximals they share the planet with.