#tripolis

[elestirenadam]

Tripolis-Denizli

15.05.2025

Tripolis, antik dönemdeki isimleriyle Lydia, Phrygia ve Karia Bölgeleri’nin kesişim noktasında kurulmuş. Yaklaşık 2 kilometrekarelik bir alana yayılan antik kent, Büyük Menderes nehrinin yakınından geçmesi nedeniyle Ege’den İç Anadolu ve Akdeniz’e ulaşımı bulunan konumu sayesinde, zenginleşmiş ve ün kazanmış. Burada milattan önce 5,500 yıllarından başlayarak milattan sonra 13. yüzyıla kadar kesintisiz bir yaşam izi sürülüyor. Kentin ilk adı Apollonia. Sanat, müzik, şiir ve kültürün koruyucu tanrısı Apollon’a ithafen bu ismi almış. Daha sonra adı “Antoniopolis” olur. İsmi aldığı kişi, Julius Caesar'ın yakın arkadaşı ve Mısır Kraliçesi Kleopatra'nın sevgilisi olan Roma generali Marcus Antonius. Son isim değişikliği, İmparator Augustus döneminde yapılmıştır. Bu zamandan sonra “üç küçük topluluğun ya da yerleşimin oluşturduğu bir kent” anlamına gelen Tripolis adıyla bilinir. Kilisesi, dükkanları, 1,500 yıllık taş kesme atölyesi, eskiden üzerinde heykeller bulunan sütunlu yolları, podyumlu yapısı... En önemlisi, sütunlarda kullanılan yerel taş ocaklarından elde edilen bantlı travertenler. Ama özellikle Mısır’dan getirilen granitler de çarpıcı biçimde yerini almış. Bu durum, yani Mısır’dan ve çevre ülkelerden getirilen taşlar, dönemin taşıyıcılığının zorlukları da göz önüne alındığında Tripolis’in ihtişamı ve gücünün simgelerinden. Kentin üst yapısına bir Büyük Hamam bulunuyor. Hamam, henüz tamamen ortaya çıkarılmamış. İçinde üç bölüm var: Sıcaklık, ılıklık, soğukluk. Hamamın hemen üzerinde, 200 metrelik bir siper bulunmuş. Siperin, 5 Temmuz 1920'de Manisa'nın Alaşehir ilçesi üzerinden ilerleyerek Buldan'ın köylerini işgal eden ve Büyük Taarruz ile bölgeden çekilmek zorunda kalan Yunan güçlerince kazılıp kullanıldığı belirlenmiş. Kent yamaca kurulduğu için katman katman. Ada ada bölünmüş ve düzenli bir yapı.

[maya-nobody-ducard]

A random student just shouted "OI OI OI- BAAAAAKAAA"

my guy- you are a SENIOR in the middle of a school cafeteria....

[twofielder]

Coin of the Day #42 (6/15/2024)

Newest pickup. Syrian tetradrachms might be my favorite…

Roman Province - Syria

AR Tetradrachm - 25.5mm 11.32g

Caracalla 215-217 AD

Tripolis Mint

Obverse AVT K M A ANTΩΝΕΙΝΟC CEB

Head of Caracalla right, laureate

Reverse ΔΗΜΑΡΧ ΕΞ VΠΑΤΟC TO Δ

Eagle standing front, head right, holding wreath in beak, caps of the Dioscuri topped by stars between legs

Bellinger 258

[dererumgestarum]

SABRATHA

Sabratha, the Cartheginian trading post formerly-known as Emporia, was annexed by the Romans following the defeat of the Numidian king Jugurtha in 105 BC and became an official colony under Antoninus Pius. In the 3rd century, the three cities of Sabratha, Lepcis Magna and Oea were known as Regio Tripolitania, or Tripolis (the Region of the Three Cities). Profiting from their connections to the African hinterland, Sabratha’s city’s traders supplied Rome with exotic animals for the venationes and luxury goods like ivory.

The architectural magnificence of these cities reflect their wealth and importance to the capitol. Partially buried in the sand for centuries, the extensive and well-preserved ruins of Sabratha were excavated and reconstructed by Italian archeologists in the 1930s. The major monuments, built mainly in the second half of the third century and during the reign of Septimius Severus (a native of Lepcis Magna), include a large theatre, a spacious forum, temples and seaside baths. As was the case throughout Roman North Africa, ashlar masonry, and not brick-faced concrete, was the preferred construction technique and white marble imported from Greece the preferred material.

Due to the statics of stone block architecture, a more classical post-and-lintel type of structure prevails, with few of the daring innovations in vaulting and scale made possible by concrete. The builders of Sabratha nevertheless used columnar architecture to great decorative effect, as seen in the rhythmic groupings of projecting entablatures of different sizes in the scaenae frons and the syncopated pilasters and lunettes of the exterior arcades.

Sabratha was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1982 and has been on the endangered monuments list since 2016, due to the political instability of Lybia, military combat on the site in 2017, and the rising levels of the Mediterranean Sea.

The photo below shows the point of impact of a rocket-propelled grenade, fired at ISIS forces in 2017, on the exterior wall of the theatre of Sabratha. Proving once again the superior engineering and building skills of the Romans, the 2000 year old structure sustained only superficial damage from a direct hit by a modern explosive missile.

[motorarts]

[archaeologicalnews]

2,000-year-old olive oil mill uncovered in Turkey’s Aegean region

Archaeologists have unearthed a 2,000-year-old olive oil mill in the ancient city of Tripolis in southwestern Turkey. Discovered in Turkey's Aegean province of Denizli, the mill is expected to shed light on the rich olive history of the region, according to Doğan News Agency.

The mill was uncovered during the excavation of an ancient agora. The mill room measures 3.5 meters, with a stone press 50 centimeters in diameter used to crush the olives.

"This mill, which we can say is 2,000 years old, shows us that in the past this region was rich in olive cultivation," stated Professor Bahadır Duman of Pamukkale University's Archaeology Department and Tripolis Excavation Committee. Read more.

[atsoukalidis]

Red figure vase from the 5th – 4th centuries BCE from the collection of the Archaeological Museum of Tripolis

[atsoukalidis]

Pedimental acroterium from the temple of Despoina https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despoina at Lycosoura https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Despoina#Sanctuary_at_Lycosura from the 2nd century BCE from the collection of the Archaeological Museum of Tripolis