On Religion in Paris
Don’t Talk About Religion or Politics
Prior to coming to France, someone told me above all not to discuss religion or politics with the French. At the time, I dismissed the comment-- because hello, I can’t even order food properly let alone have an in-depth conversation in French. But now that comment sticks out to me as being relevant and worth reflecting on. Why not discuss these topics? After two weeks in Paris, I am beginning to see why this was recommended to me-- the complexity, rich history, fears, and connotations associated with these topics have been made evident. However, I will now consider one of these topics, religion, in this “safe” corner of the internet...
I must say, nothing confuses me more than the religious landscape of Paris. I think prior to this trip I expected Paris to be more similar to American cities in the way of accepting religious diversity than what it is. For instance, I thought that as Paris exists as a giant melting pot of people, all are welcome as they are, religion included-- but this is not the case.
A Lack of Religion
First and foremost, my error in assumption was made evident by the observed lack of religion in Paris. Paris may be a melting pot of people, but from my perception, “religion” in a traditional sense largely seemed absent from the public sphere. If anything, the diverse people groups in Paris were united in their apparent rejection of religion.
Secularism was intensely present (which can be considered a religion of its own, although many would disagree with me here). I didn’t really see the outward practicing of religion of any sort while I was in Paris, other than when I attended Mass and visited the Grand Paris Mosque. Even though the majority religion practiced in France is Christianity, with around three-fifths of French proclaiming a Roman-Catholic affiliation, only around 5% actively practice their faith. The closest activities I saw to practicing religion included a man holding a “You Need Jesus” sign outside our Metro station one afternoon and a man reading Battlefield of the Mind by Joyce Meyer, a Christian book I’ve read, on the train. I didn’t see any signs or advertisements for religious events. No Bible verses on bill-boards (although interestingly enough I did see Jeremiah 29:11 used in a Valentino ad, but it was displayed un-attributed to the Bible).
Laïcité
It is important to know that the French have a specific, quintessentially “French” type of secularism in effect: laïcité. Stemming from the Revolution, laïcité indicates the state protection of citizens from the effects of organized religion. This means that religious expression is prohibited in public spheres and cannot be forced upon anyone. The French can practice their own religion, but behind closed doors (hence my lack of organized religion sightings). In essence, religion in France is not something to bring into the public sphere, and should have nothing to do with the state.
Attending Mass In Paris
I had the opportunity to attend mass on two different occasions in Paris, at Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois and Saint-Eustache. As a Christian, I enjoyed both services immensely even though I did not speak French. I am not Catholic and had no idea what what going on most of the time, but I appreciated the beauty of the church, the practices of the priest and the congregation, and the way in which I was still able to connect to God.
However, what struck me as odd and honestly quite sad was that the majority of the congregations in both services were composed of tourists. This tells me that Christianity no longer is seen as a collective national identity for France. There is a definitive disconnect between the ideals of Parisian society and Christianity. Christianity has become outdated and old. Churches are spectacles and admired more for their design and architecture instead of the sacredness they embody.
I’m glad these tourists (myself included, I know I’m a hypocrite) could make the pilgrimage to these incredible places of worship, but at the same time, my heart hurts for the lack of local dedication in these churches. Who is left when all the tourists leave? How many regular attenders do these churches actually have? How does the frequent influx of tourists affect them? Maybe regular attenders appreciate tourists coming to make their numbers bigger and to get more support for their churches... Maybe some are completely infuriated by tourists’ behavior and lack of respect at times... I’m sure both ends of the spectrum are true.
Muslims in France
One of the reasons why one should refrain from talking about religion in France is because doing so would sooner or later lead to talking about immigration and Islam, which is both a religious and political topic (double whammy, oh no). As of late, discrimination against immigrants, especially Muslim immigrants, has been a real issue in France and Islamophobia is rampant. It’s no secret that France’s Muslim population has grown due to the influx of immigrants from majority-Muslim countries. Yet what remains largely hidden from the public eye (and especially from tourists) is the fact that France really does not know how to handle its current immigration issues, promote diversity, and continue the practice of laïcité in a way that authentically gives citizens equal human rights. The face and identity of Paris is changing-- how will Parisian society and government respond, shape this change, and seek to benefit all Parisians? Is laïcité the best way to dictate the split between church and state? This is a valid question, and one I cannot answer, but I hope that Muslims, along with everyone of every faith in France, have the freedom and support to practice their religion.
Visiting the Grand Mosque of Paris
The moment I stepped into the Grand Mosque of Paris, I was met with a sensation of tranquility and peace. Beautiful mosaics decorated the floors and a garden offered serenity and a sweet fragrance. The architecture was simple yet elegant and served the purpose of pointing one to God. Never before had I been in a mosque. To be honest, I didn’t know much about Islam (and still do not), but I was eager to learn about the faith and partake in the experience of being in a different religious space.
Interestingly enough, though I still grapple with the differences between Christians and Muslims, overall my experience in the mosque reiterated the similarities Christianity and Islam share. I was both humbled and surprised by these similarities in terms of faith, practice, and worship. They are both monotheistic religions. Both are “religions of the book” and recognize many of the same prophets and teachers. As I alluded to above, even the structures designed for worship and community in both faiths are similar.
Differences exist, don’t get me wrong, but being in this place of worship allowed me to gain a deeper understanding of Islam and a deeper respect for Muslims. I came to understand my own faith in a new way as well. I think if more people in France (and across the globe) were dedicated to mutual respect and seeking understanding through dialogue and shared experiences, instead of focusing on differences and dividing lines, discrimination would not be such a problem.
To Conclude
I still can’t wrap my head around religion in France; I need to study France further and gain a deeper understanding of the place. But also my lack of understanding comes from who I am; I am an American, not French, and some of the mindsets, history, and practices ingrained so profoundly in France will always be foreign to me.
Sources: “France - Religion”, “Religion in France”













