Myoinositol and it's role for PCOS
Inositol is a vitamin-like nutrient that the body needs in small amounts for normal cell function, growth, and development. Inositol is also considered a popular supplement for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but is it actually helpful?
Inositol, also known as vitamin B8, naturally occurs in a variety of foods such as fruits, grains, nuts, beans, and organ meats. It is a type of sugar alcohol with half the sweetness of table sugar (sucrose).
Though often referred to as vitamin B8, inositol is considered a pseudovitamin simply because it is not an essential nutrient.1 Its presence is vital in the body but a deficiency does not translate to an actual medical condition. Besides, the body can easily synthesize it from glucose.
Vitamins are considered essential nutrients because the body cannot synthesize enough of them to meet bodily needs and therefore must be obtained from food and supplements.
Inositol plays an important role in providing structure to cells and helps in regulating multiple pathways:
Chemical messengers in the brain
Cell growth and differentiation
So what does research say about the benefits of Inositol for women with PCOS?
1. Inositol May Restore Ovulation
A meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials revealed that inositol was associated with improved ovulation rate and increased frequency of menstruation compared with placebo.
A 2010 study in 42 women with PCOS showed that the use of Myo-Inositol in combination with folic acid resulted in spontaneous ovulation in 65% of the patients with 35% obtaining pregnancy. In the metformin group, by contrast, only 50% ovulated and 18.3% become pregnant.
2. Inositol May Reduce Testosterone Levels
In lean women with PCOS, D-chiro-inositol decreased free testosterone by 73% with no change in the placebo group. Six of the 10 women in the D-chiro-inositol group ovulated in comparison with 2 of 10 women in the placebo group.
Results from a double-blind study on the use of Myo-Inositol also showed promising results. In patients treated with Myo-Inositol, the total testosterone decreased from 99.5 to 34.8, free testosterone decreased from 0.85 to 0.24. Improvement in metabolic factors was also reported.
PCOS patients with acne and hirsutism showed significant improvements after receiving Myo-Inositol for six months.11 Testosterone and free testosterone levels significantly decreased, as well as basal insulin levels.
3. Inositol May Improve Insulin Resistance
D-chiro-inositol is involved in insulin metabolism. Patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance have low levels of D-chiro-inositol in the urine. Both Myo-Inositol and D-chiro-inositol seem to improve insulin sensitivity, especially in women with higher fasting insulin levels (greater than 12 µU/mL).
The enzyme epimerase converts myo-inositol to d-chiro-inositol. Supplementing with Myo-Inositol alone may have a potentially additive benefit when combined with lifestyle changes in the management of PCOS and insulin resistance.
4. Inositol May Play A Role in the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes
PCOS is linked with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance, which increases your risk for gestational diabetes. It is a condition in which your glucose levels become high during pregnancy. Although evidence is limited, the use of Myo-Inositol (4 g daily) and folic acid (400 µg daily) throughout pregnancy may help prevent gestational diabetes in women with a family history of diabetes.14
What Type of Inositol is Best for PCOS?
Research shows that Myo-Inositol may have a role in improving menstrual cycles, ovulation, and improving metabolic changes in PCOS.
It appears that D-Chiro-inositol is only beneficial at a specific ratio with Myo-Inositol. Studies suggest that a ratio of 40:1 Myo-Inositol/D-Chiro-inositol may the best for PCOS treatment in restoring ovulation and normalizing hormone levels.