HOW TO PUT GILLS ON HUMANS
since ive been asked a few times i shall make a dedicated post about it regarding putting gills on a human/humanoid there are two types of setups bony fish have 1 gill opening, sharks have multiple gills in blue here
for gills on a humanoid to be realistic they need to be between the neck muscles and the hyoid muscles, like in real fish the red are the beck muscles, green are throat muscles, and blue are areas you could feasibly put gills! using shark here as they take up more space
instead of gill musculature bony fish have a large bony shield called an operculum covering their gills, but the principle remains the same gills are between the back muscles and the throat muscles, though with bony fish you can make the covering just fleshy if you want
here is it all together again as the two main muscles the cucullaris evolve into present in humans are the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid so show how this muscles evolved in sharks its this trapezius-like structure but in bony fish since the shoulder bones are connected to the skull the cucullaris helps move that joint!
this muscle has roots in out placoderm ancestors and can be seen in placoderms like dunkleosteus! here this paper
PDF | The comparative and functional anatomy of the cleaver‐like jaws of the Late Devonian arthrodire Dunkleosteus terrelli remains poorly u
in placoderms it also helps articulate the head and shoulder bones
ANYWAY THANK YOU FOR LISTENING TO MY TED TALK
