Some people have responded to this idea with some confusion, so I’ll try to explain it as best I can.
Why “Race”, as used in Role-Playing Games, is bad.
Most role-playing games explicitly combine a person’s physical traits with their morality into one package at character creation, usually presented as “Race”. By doing this, these games (often unwittingly) support the idea that a person’s genetics decide a person’s morality and worth.
This is a bad thing because there are people who play these games – black people, disabled people, women, just to name a few – who have been told their entire lives they are lesser than others because of the way they were born; because of the way they look. For them, this kind of bigotry is a painful, every day reality. No-one should have to experience that in a game.
This is also why just renaming “Race” as it is presented in role-playing games to something like “Species” doesn’t help as much as you’d think. It doesn’t address the problem at it’s root – the false idea that a person’s genetics determines their worth (or: their traits).
Why I think “Ancestry” and “Culture” is a good alternative.
By splitting Ancestry – the physical traits inherited from one’s parents, and Culture – the traits taught to you by your parents & community, the game mechanics no longer explicitly imply a person’s genetics (or: appearance) determine their morality and perceived worth. In this updated system, Bad Tieflings can still exist. Evil dark elves can still exist. Bigoted people who believe all Tieflings and all Dark Elves are evil can still exist.
But those things are no longer assumed to be true at character creation.
Why I’m excited to start using the Ancestry & Culture method.
The world all of our games take place in, Hemelin, has various diverse cultures dotted around the place. I have often struggled to express this well using the existing mould of “Race”, but before I discovered the “Ancestry & Culture” method, I didn’t understand what was causing this struggle.
I find that using separate Ancestries and Cultures provides much more robust framework for us to design player options for our world with. I’m excited at the prospect of being able to present various cultures that players can identify with without needing to also be of a certain ancestry! I’m excited to empower our players to create more diverse characters that reflect our game world!!
The book “Ancestry & Culture, an alternative to Race in 5e” explains all of these concepts way better than I can. I urge you to read it, even if it’s just the free preview.