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“POEM THAT DESCRIBE THE PHILIPPINES LITERATURE DURING ACTIVISM PERIOD"

The man who lit-up a little fire

a chaos beggins in blink of eye

people hearts awakened with a content

the will of fire pushing people to their last

a corrupted seed planted on people

desire of freedom to seek expressing.

The young one fight with pen

that an act cannot be taken

the undying will of flame of youth

becoming a unite with a strong bond

together with their comrades battling

against the man who lit-up.

Bloody battle against,violent forces

the person who's been posses of pen

trying to voice out the agony felt by one's

under a govern by the strong forces

people who's ruled by strong forces

are become one against the forces.

A writer that made every one aware

the voice's that can't come out its own

a something that have been lost

every one struggling on something

losing a energy on everthing

battling against itself is an art.

People who felt despair on their being revolt

are just disparate to take back

the thing that they lost on something

one by one finding on their own thing

the bloody option people's choices

the people heart full of nationalism.

PHOTOcredit: Official Gazette

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/edsa/the-ph-protest/

#POEM THAT DESCRIBE THE PHILIPPINES LITERATURE DURING ACTIVISM PERIOD

“POST- EDSA 1 REVOLUTION"

Jose Y. Dalisay was born in Romblon in 1954. He completed his primary education at La Salle Green Hills, Philippines in 1966 and his secondary education at the Philippine Science High School in 1970. He dropped out of college to work as a newspaper reporter. He also wrote scripts mostly for Lino Brocka, the National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Film. Dalisay returned to school and earned his B.A. English (Imaginative Writing) degree, cum laude from the University of the Philippines in 1984. He later received an M.F.A. from the University of Michigan in 1988 and a PhD in English from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee in 1991 as a Fulbright scholar.

PHOTOcredit: Wikipedia

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dalisay_Jr.

Nicomedes "Nick" Marquez Joaquin (Tagalog: [hwaˈkin]; May 4, 1917 – April 29, 2004) was a Filipino writer and journalist best known for his short stories and novels in the English language. He also wrote using the pen name Quijano de Manila. Joaquin was conferred the rank and title of National Artist of the Philippines for Literature. He has been considered one of the most important Filipino writers, along with José Rizal and Claro M. Recto. Unlike Rizal and Recto, whose works were written in Spanish, Joaquin's major works were written in English despite being a native Spanish speaker.

PHOTOcredit: Goodreads

https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/74757.Nick_Joaqu_n

#POST- EDSA 1 REVOLUTION

“PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC"

Néstor Vicente Madali González (8 September 1915 – 28 November 1999) was a Filipino novelist, short story writer, essayist and, poet. Conferred as the National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 1997.

PHOTOcredit: Positively Filipino

http://www.positivelyfilipino.com/magazine/you-cant-go-home-again-if-you-never-left

Francisco Sionil José (December 3, 1924 – January 6, 2022) was a Filipino writer who was one of the most widely read in the English language.[1][2] A National Artist of the Philippines for Literature, which was bestowed upon him in 2001, José's novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society.[3] His works—written in English—have been translated into 28 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.[4][5] He was often considered the leading Filipino candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

PHOTOcredit: Wikipedia

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Sionil_Jos%C3%A9

#PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC

“PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY”

Aniceto Silvestre-Despite not having received any formal training in writing, he was still able to produce beautiful poems, short stories, novels, and essays that contributed to the literature of the Philippines.

Eight categories in which his poems are categorized are found in the Nature collection: Free, Moving, Image of Life, Pulse of Love, Strong of Faith, Sign of Hope, Open to the Path of Greatness, and Blood in the Light of Sun.

Aniceto F. Silvestre won four First Prizes for his poetry before the war, a Third Prize for his work while under the Commonwealth government, a First Prize in the tenth year of the Republic of the Philippines, and a First Prize at the 1969 Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature.

PHOTOcredit: Filipinas Hiritage Library

https://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/himig/featured-artist-jose-corazon-de-jesus/

Pelagio A. Cruz was born on June 16, 1912 in Balag, Bulacan. He entered the Philippine Military Academy in 1972, and was commissioned as Third Lieutenant upon graduation in 1935. He earned his wings in September 1936 at the Philippine Army Air Corps (PAAC) Running School in Camp Murphy.

PHOTOcredit: Wikipedia

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelagio_Cruz

#PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY

“PERIOD OF ACTIVISM”

Ponciano B. Peralta Pineda is a Filipino writer, teacher, linguist and lawyer. Ponciano Pineda is considered as the "Father of the Commission on Filipino Language" for his promotion to establish a commission based on Section 9 of our Philippine Constitution.[1]

PHOTOcredit: Prabook

https://prabook.com/web/mobile/#!profile/1961327

Jose Maria Flores Lacaba born in Misamis Oriental in 1945 to Jose Monreal Lacaba of Loon, Bohol and Fe Flores from Pateros, Rizal. He is the brother of writer and activist Eman Lacaba, who was murdered in March 1976 and later honored at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani memorial as a martyr who fought the Marcos dictatorship.[1][2]

PHOTOcredit: Wikipedia

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Lacaba

#PERIOD OF ACTIVISM

“PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH”

José García Villa[1] (August 5, 1908 – February 7, 1997) was a Filipino poet, literary critic, short story writer, and painter. He was awarded the National Artist of the Philippines title for literature in 1973,[2][3] as well as the Guggenheim Fellowship in creative writing by Conrad Aiken.[4] He is known to have introduced the "reversed consonance rhyme scheme" in writing poetry, as well as the extensive use of punctuation marks—especially commas, which made him known as the Comma Poet.[5] He used the pen name Doveglion (derived from "Dove, Eagle, Lion"), based on the characters he derived from his own works. These animals were also explored by another poet, E. E. Cummings, in "Doveglion, Adventures in Value", a poem dedicated to Villa.[3]

PHOTOcredit: Wikipedia

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Garc%C3%ADa_Villa

Rodolfo Dato (April 17, 1899 - October 11, 1955) was a Filipino lawyer, editor and educator from Baao, Camarines Sur. His book "Filipino Poetry" 1, published in 1924, is one of the first anthologies of Filipino poets from 1911 to 1924. The book is regarded as the first published work to acknowledge the Filipino talents in English poetry writing in just about 20 years after the American occupation of the Philippines in 1898. He became the first Dean of Liberal Arts of the University of Nueva Caceres.

PHOTOcredit: Sutori

https://www.sutori.com/en/item/untitled-3bdf-62e1

#PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

“THE JAPANESE PERIOD”

Julián Cruz Balmaceda (sometimes spelled as Balmaseda) (January 28, 1885 – September 18, 1947) was a Filipino poet, essayist, playwright, novelist, journalist and linguist. He made several works written in Filipino, English and Spanish languages.

PHOTOcredit: Alchetron https://alchetron.com/Juli%C3%A1n-Cruz-Balmaceda

Jose Ma. Hernandez a distinguished man of letters, Jose Ma. Hernandez was born on June 19, 1904. Hegraduated valedictorian from the Mabini Intermediate School and received the degree of Bachelor of Science in education from the University of the Philippines in 1928. After graduation, he enrolled at Columbia University for the summer term of 1929. He earned his master’s degree in English, cum laude, from the University of Notre Dame in Indiana. His thesis was, “The Philosophy of Joseph Conrad.”

While still a student in UP, Hernandez taught at the Zaragoza Elementary School in Manila. This was until 1925, when he was transferred to Santa Ana Elementary School. In 1928, he taught at the Welfareville High School, and was appointed instructor in English at the University of Santo Tomas and in education, with assignments in high school, at the UP.

However, he later gave up such appointments because of poor health. From being professor in English at UST in 1931, he rose to become dean of its English department in 1933. In 1935, he began teaching English at San Beda College and, in 1937 at St. Theresa’s College and San Juan de Letran as well.

PHOTOcredit: flickr

https://www.flickr.com/photos/opus-dei/17300936455

#THE JAPANESE PERIOD

“THE AMERICAN REGIME"

Carlos P. Romulo, in full Carlos Peña Romulo, (born January 14, 1899, Camiling, Philippines—died December 15, 1985, Manila), Philippine general, diplomat, and journalist known for his activities on behalf of the Allies during World War II and his later work with the United Nations

In 1931 Romulo was made editor in chief of TVT Publications, comprising three newspapers, one in English, one in Spanish, and one in Tagalog (the second most prevalent language in the Philippines). In 1937 he became publisher of another chain of newspapers.

When Japan attacked the Philippines in 1941, he became an aide-de-camp to U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur on Corregidor Island, and his broadcasts became widely known as the “Voice of Freedom.” After Japan captured Corregidor, Romulo went with MacArthur to Australia and then joined the Philippine government-in-exile of Pres. Manuel Quezon in Washington, D.C., as secretary of information.

PHOTOcredit: Biography

Paz Marquez-Benitez- Tall and elegantly attired in full terno, she was a familiar figure on the campus of the pre-war University of the Philippines. She was Paz Marquez Benitez, beloved mentor to the first generation of Filipino writers in English. Inspiring many students who later became literary luminaries, she had an enduring influence on the emergence and development of Philippine literature in English.

Born to the prominent Marquez family of Quezon Province, Marquez Benitez belonged to the first generation of Filipinos trained in the American educational system. She was a member of the first freshman class of the University of the Philippines, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1912. She taught at the University’s English department from 1916 to 1951, acquiring a reputation as an outstanding teacher. Among her students were Loreto Paras Sulit, Paz Latorena, Bienvenido Santos, Manuel Arguilla, S.P. Lopez and National Artist Francisco Arcellana, who later emphatically declared, “She was the mother of us all!”

Among ALIWW’s prized exhibits are the journals of Paz Marquez Benitez, which are inscribed in two hard-bound volumes. The entries, written by hand in both pencil and ink, date from 1924 and extend for an as yet undetermined number of years. Of special interest to literary scholars are her notes on the tentative plot and setting of her short story, “Dead Stars.” This story, first published in 1925 and regularly anthologized since, is considered the first modern short story written in English by a Filipino.

PHOTOcredit: Kahimyang

https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/972/today-in-philippine-history-march-3-1894-paz-marquez-benitez-was-born-in-lucena-city-quezon

#AMERICAN REGIME

“PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT”

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda, (born June 19, 1861, Calamba, Philippines—died December 30, 1896, Manila), patriot, physician, and man of letters who was an inspiration to the Philippine nationalist movement.

The son of a prosperous landowner, Rizal was educated in Manila and at the University of Madrid. A brilliant medical student, he soon committed himself to the reform of Spanish rule in his home country, though he never advocated Philippine independence. Most of his writing was done in Europe, where he resided between 1882 and 1892.

In 1887 Rizal published his first novel, Noli me tangere (The Social Cancer), a passionate exposure of the evils of Spanish rule in the Philippines. A sequel, El filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed), established his reputation as the leading spokesman of the Philippine reform movement. He published an annotated edition (1890; reprinted 1958) of Antonio Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, hoping to show that the native people of the Philippines had a long history before the coming of the Spaniards. He became the leader of the Propaganda Movement, contributing numerous articles to its newspaper, La Solidaridad, published in Barcelona. Rizal’s political program included integration of the Philippines as a province of Spain, representation in the Cortes (the Spanish parliament), the replacement of Spanish friars by Filipino priests, freedom of assembly and expression, and equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law.

Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892. He founded a nonviolent-reform society, the Liga Filipina, in Manila, and was deported to Dapitan in northwest Mindanao. He remained in exile for the next four years. In 1896 the Katipunan, a Filipino nationalist secret society, revolted against Spain. Although he had no connections with that organization and he had had no part in the insurrection, Rizal was arrested and tried for sedition by the military. Found guilty, he was publicly executed by a firing squad in Manila. His martyrdom convinced Filipinos that there was no alternative to independence from Spain. On the eve of his execution, while confined in Fort Santiago, Rizal wrote “Último adiós” (“Last Farewell”), a masterpiece of 19th-century Spanish verse.

PHOTOcredit:Brittanica

Marcelo Hilario del Pilar-the rules set down by Marcelo H. del Pilar, a writer- patriot have been thought of by modern historians as the blueprint of the Revolution for freedom, justice and democracy. A careful study of his dramatic life and massive literary output reveals to us today that he was the most impressive figure of his age. He was the first political scientist who probed into the secrets of colonial statecraft and brilliantly described the game of power of politics ruing hi time. His driving force was his intense love for the Mother land. His genius created a nation. (Cruz, 2009)

Marcelo Gatmaitan Hilario Del Pilar was born on August 29-30, 1850, Cupang Bulacan, Bulacan;he was the youngest of ten children of Don Julian H. del Pilar and Dona Blasa Gatmaitan—two members of prominent families of that province. Don Julian was three times gobernadorcillo of Bulacan and Dona Blasa’s family name, “ Gatmaitan,” came from an ancient Filipino nobility. The early education of Marcelo resembles that of Jose Rizal; his mother was his first teacher. He was sent to Manila to study under a certain Mr. Flores. Then he entered San Jose College and later the University of Santo Tomas, where he studied law.

PHOTOcredit:BAYANI ART

#PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT

"ARTICLE ABOUT POST EDSA REVOLUTION CONTRIBUTION IN THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE”

Millions of Filipinos from all walks of life came together for the 1986 EDSA People Power Revolution to march along Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA), the main thoroughfare in Metro Manila, in an effort to overthrow President Ferdinand E. Marcos' tyranny and usher in a new era of genuine freedom and democracy. This movement's spirit was not limited to Manila; it appeared in non-violent protests held in many towns around the country. It was a revolution distinguished by its non-violent methods, led by a nation united to recapture liberty. The events of February 25, 1986, changed the direction of the history of our country and demonstrated to the rest of the world the extraordinary tenacity of the Filipino people. It ushered in a time of tranquility.

PHOTOcredit: RAPLER

#ARTICLE ABOUT POST EDSA REVOLUTION CONTRIBUTION IN THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

“A SHORT ARTICLE ABOUT THE NEW SOCIETY”

In order to realize his vision of the New Society, Marcos made a number of explicit commitments in his declaration of martial law. His vision represented a great hope for the Filipino people to lead happy and satisfying lives. He was widely regarded as a superb leader and orator.