Figure 1. Distribution of Kingsnakes in the Lampropeltis getula Complex in North America
Kingsnakes in the Lampropeltis getula complex are widespread across North America and show a remarkable variety of color patterns and regional forms. This figure highlights their geographic distribution and visual differences among subspecies and closely related species.
• (A) Lampropeltis californiae (banded) – Common in the western U.S., especially California, known for its bold black-and-white or black-and-cream banding.
• (B) Lampropeltis holbrooki – Found in the central U.S., often called the speckled kingsnake due to its dark body covered with tiny light specks.
• (C) Lampropeltis nigra – The eastern black kingsnake, found in the southeastern U.S., features smooth black scales with small white or yellowish speckling.
• (D) Lampropeltis getula getula – The eastern kingsnake, known for its wide black and white bands, ranges across the eastern seaboard.
• (E) “Sticticeps” – A debated form found in the Carolinas with somewhat variable patterns.
• (F) Lampropeltis floridana – Native to Florida, often dark with reduced patterning.
• (G–I) Lampropeltis meansi – The Apalachicola kingsnake of the Florida Panhandle, showing patternless (G), striped (H), and wide-banded (I) forms.
• (J) Lampropeltis splendida – The desert kingsnake of the Southwest, often black with yellow speckles or crossbands.
• (K) Lampropeltis nigrita – A dark Mexican kingsnake, often jet black.
• (L) Lampropeltis californiae (striped) – A striped variation of the California kingsnake found in isolated populations.
Each form reflects local adaptations, and together, they showcase the kingsnake’s incredible diversity and widespread success.
via: Phylogenetics of Kingsnakes, Lampropeltis getula Complex (Serpentes: Colubridae), in Eastern North America | Journal of Heredity | Oxford Academic
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