Gaston Leroux was a journalist. He claims that the story of the Phantom of the Opera actually happened, and has claimed that he has changed names in his work to avoid complications. I've even read that on his deathbed, he reiterated the fact that it was a true story. Do you believe that the story is real? I'm inclined to believe that the event itself did happen, however the year and circumstances behind it were very different, and Leroux added recent events (i.e. chandelier) for the audience.
We know Leroux certainly took real events and people and used them as inspiration for the story–Christine Daae is based on Christina Nilsson, the Persian is based on a real theater-goer, Carlotta may be a mix of Adelina Patti and a few other popular opera singers of the day, etc.
Like you said, the chandelier really did fall during a performance and kill and audience member in the 1890s, I believe.
I think I remember reading that workers did find skeletons under the opera and they were later determined to be victims of the Paris Commune during the Franco-Prussian War.
And there is absolutely a lake under the Garnier!
It wouldn’t surprise me if there was a series of events similar to the plot of Phantom (i.e. a singer is abducted, extortion abounds), but I also feel like there would have been massive media coverage in the papers at the time if something like Phantom really did happen. As a journalist, Leroux would know better than anyone that the press ran RAMPANT (just like it does today), especially for gossip-fodder like an abducted singer, a masked kidnapper, and a vicomte. Paris would have gone WILD for that if it had actually happened, and there aren’t any news stories about anything like that happening to the best of my knowledge.
I mean, that’s not to say it DIDN’T; maybe Leroux was privy to something we’re not. But I find it hard to believe that something of that scale in one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world happened if it has no factual basis in contemporary police reports/papers.
My guess is Leroux knew exactly what he was doing–he was a well-known journalist and author and used his clout to add an air of mystery to Phantom. He WANTED people to wonder if it was real, and by asserting it was, it just added to the mystique and buzz around the story. I sincerely doubt it was a true story, though–but there absolutely are real-life elements to it, like characters inspired by popular figures of the day.
I think Leroux was heavily steeped in a culture obsessed with the monstrous. Something about France and French literature in particular inspires a fascination with redeeming the grotesque. And living in a city on top of a network of catacombs literally bursting with bodies, I’m sure Leroux’s creative gears started spinning,
Granted, I have no idea what his creative process looked like. I’m just saying while I’ve never been fortunate enough to visit Paris, it’s a city that seems alive with inspiration, especially for the gothically-inclined. ;)