MARK KEIAN GUBAT A.

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"PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT"

Graciano López y Jaena December 18, 1856 – January 20, 1896), commonly known as Graciano López Jaena, was a Filipino journalist, orator, reformist, and national hero who is well known for his newspaper, La Solidaridad.

Philippine historians regard López Jaena, along with Marcelo H. del Pilar and José Rizal, as the triumvirate of Filipino propagandists. Of these three ilustrados, López Jaena was the first to arrive in Spain and may have begun the Propaganda Movement, which advocated the reform of the then-Spanish colony of the Philippines and which eventually led to the armed Philippine Revolution that begun in Manila in 1896. The Propaganda Movement was a key step towards a Philippine national identity.

reference:https://www.britannica.com/biography/Graciano-Lopez-Jaena

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Marcelo Hilario del Pilar August 30, 1850 July 4, 1896), commonly known as Marcelo H. del Pilar and also known by his pen name Pláridel was a Filipino writer, lawyer, journalist, and freemason. Del Pilar, along with José Rizal and Graciano López Jaena, became known as the leaders of the Reform Movement in Spain.

reference:https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_H._del_Pilar

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"AMERICAN REGIME"

Iñigo Ed. Regalado (1 June 1888 feast day– 24 July 1976) was a Filipino poet, journalist, and novelist. He was the son of Iñigo Corcuera Regalado, the renowned Tagalog printer and journalist. His mother was Saturnina Reyes. As an editor, Iñigo Ed Regalado was one of the "powerful voices" in the newspapers and magazines during the first part of the 1900s. It was during his time when the Golden Age of the Tagalog Novel (1905–1921) started. The whole period of the Golden Age of the Tagalog Novel was from 1905 to 1935.

reference:https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B1igo_Ed._Regalado

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Lope K. Santos (born Lope Santos y Canseco, September 25, 1879 – May 1, 1963) was a Filipino Tagalog-language writer and former senator of the Philippines. He is best known for his 1906 socialist novel, Banaag at Sikat and to his contributions for the development of Filipino grammar and Tagalog orthography.

reference:https://www.wikiwand.com/tl/Lope_K._Santos

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"THE JAPANESE PERIOD"

Francisco Soc Rodrigo is a politician in the Philippines. Born in Bulacan in 1914. Studied at Ateneo de Manila University and died in January 1998 due to cancer. He is a former president of Catholic Action. He did not agree with the passage of Republic Act No. 1425 better known as Batas-Rizal which aims to include in the curriculum of all colleges in the Philippines to study Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.

reference:https://dbpedia.org/page/Soc_Rodrigo

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Jose Maria Hernandez is a writer and teacher. He studied writing and acting in America. His famous play is Panday Pira, a historical play with 3 acts.

The other plays written by Jose Ma. Hernandez is The Olive Garden, a play based on the Bible; Night Wind, Sunrise in the Farm, The Empty House, Prelude to Dapitan, and White Sunday.

The play White Sunday won the Palanca Memorial Award in literature.

reference:https://prodigaldrifter.wordpress.com/2009/11/25/jose-ma-hernandez/

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"PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH"

Carlos P. Romulo, in full Carlos Peña Romulo, (born January 14, 1899, Camiling, Philippines—died December 15, 1985, Manila), Philippine general, diplomat, and journalist known for his activities on behalf of the Allies during World War II and his later work with the United Nations.

In 1931 Romulo was made editor in chief of TVT Publications, comprising three newspapers, one in English, one in Spanish, and one in Tagalog (the second most prevalent language in the Philippines). In 1937 he became publisher of another chain of newspapers.

When Japan attacked the Philippines in 1941, he became an aide-de-camp to U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur on Corregidor Island, and his broadcasts became widely known as the “Voice of Freedom.” After Japan captured Corregidor, Romulo went with MacArthur to Australia and then joined the Philippine government-in-exile of Pres. Manuel Quezon in Washington, D.C., as secretary of information.

reference:https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carlos-P-Romulo

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José García Villa (August 5, 1908 – February 7, 1997) was a Filipino poet, literary critic, short story writer, and painter. He was awarded the National Artist of the Philippines title for literature in 1973,as well as the Guggenheim Fellowship in creative writing by Conrad Aiken.He is known to have introduced the "reversed consonance rhyme scheme" in writing poetry, as well as the extensive use of punctuation marks especially commas, which made him known as the Comma Poet.He used the pen name Doveglion (derived from "Dove, Eagle, Lion"), based on the characters he derived from his own works. These animals were also explored by another poet, Cummings, in "Doveglion, Adventures in Value a poem dedicated to Villa.

reference:https://poets.org/poet/jose-garcia-villa

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"PERIOD OF ACTIVISM"

Aniceto F. Silvestre was born in San Mateo, (which is now Rizal Province) on April 17, 1878.

Although there was no formal study in writing, he was able to write and contribute to Filipino literature beautiful poems, short stories, novels and essays.

His poems collected in the Nature collection are grouped into eight: Free, Moving, Image of Life, Pulse of Love, Strong of Faith, Sign of Hope, Open to the Path of Greatness and Blood in the Light of Sun.

The honors achieved by Aniceto F. Silvestre in writing poetry are four First Prizes (before the war); a Third Prize (during the Commonwealth government); a First Prize (10th year of the Republic of the Philippines); and a First Prize in the Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature in 1969.

reference:https://www.kapitbisig.com/philippines/poems-written-at-different-times-by-various-authors-patnubay-tula-ni-aniceto-f-silvestre_1073.html

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Bienvenido A. Ramos was a writer, known for Kamaong asero (1981), Tomcat (1979) and Mucho Dinero (1959). Bienvenido A. died on 24 April 2012 in Malolos City, Philippines.

reference:https://m.imdb.com/name/nm2870971/

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"PERIOD OF NEW SOCIETY"

Ponciano B. Peralta Pineda is a Filipino writer, teacher, linguist and lawyer. Ponciano Pineda is considered as the "Father of the Commission on Filipino Language" for his promotion to establish a commission based on Section 9 of our Philippine Constitution.

He became director of Commission on the Filipino Language (Filipino: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino) formerly Surian ng Wikang Pambansa during the year 1971 to 1999. Under his leadership, Pineda started socio-linguistic research to further widen the Filipino Language. Also one of this is about the orthographic reform in the Filipino Language. Under Pineda one major change is on language policy: a bilingual education in the year 1974; Filipino as national and primary language of Filipinos in 1983 and the Filipino alphabet comprising 28 letters in 1987. He established 12 regional centers of the Filipino language throughout the Philippines.

Reference:https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtCGTRxXMQhXh6FJKmGHC

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Edgardo M. Reyes (1936–2012) was a Filipino novelist. His works of fiction first appeared in the Tagalog magazine, Liwayway. His novels include Laro sa Baga.

reference:January 3, 2006, at the Wayback Machine (Revised Edition): A Novel, by Edgardo M. Reyes

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"PERIOD OF THIRD REPUBLIC"

Francisco Sionil José (December 3, 1924 – January 6, 2022) was a Filipino writer who was one of the most widely read in the English language.A National Artist of the Philippines for Literature, which was bestowed upon him in 2001, José's novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society. His works written in English have been translated into 28 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.He was often considered the leading Filipino candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

reference:https://up.edu.ph/celebrating-the-life-of-national-artist-f-sionil-jose-97/

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Jose Y. Dalisay Jr. (born January 15, 1954) is a Filipino writer. He has won numerous awards and prizes for fiction, poetry, drama, non-fiction and screenwriting, including 16 Palanca Awards.

Reference:https://www.coursehero.com/file/p53ou0p/Period-of-the-Third-Republic-1981-1985-Poems-during-this-period-of-the-Third/

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POST EDSA REVOLUTION

Carlo Magno Jose Caparas (born December 15, 1948) is a Filipino comic strip creator and writer-turned film director and producer. He is best known for creating such Filipino superheroes and comic book characters as Panday, Bakekang, Totoy Bato, Joaquin Bordado, Kamagong, Kamandag, Elias Paniki, Tasya Fantasya, Gagambino, Pieta and Ang Babaeng Hinugot sa Aking Tadyang, among others. He is also known as a director of numerous massacre films such as Kuratong Baleleng and The Cory Quirino Kidnap: NBI Files.

Reference:https://dbpedia.org/page/Carlo_J._Caparas

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Nicomedes "Nick" Marquez Joaquin (Tagalog: May 4, 1917 – April 29, 2004) was a Filipino writer and journalist best known for his short stories and novels in the English language. He also wrote using the pen name Quijano de Manila. Joaquin was conferred the rank and title of National Artist of the Philippines for Literature. He has been considered one of the most important Filipino writers, along with José Rizal and Claro M. Recto. Unlike Rizal and Recto, whose works were written in Spanish, Joaquin's major works were written in English despite being a native Spanish speaker.

Reference:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Joaquin

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"ARTICLE ABOUT POST EDSA REVOLUTION CONTRIBUTION IN PHILIPPINE LITERATURE"

The EDSA Revolution of 1986 was a significant event in Philippine history. It marked the end of a long period of authoritarian rule under President Ferdinand Marcos and paved the way for the restoration of democracy in the country. The revolution had a profound impact on Philippine literature, as writers were given newfound freedom to express themselves and their views. In this article, we will explore the post-EDSA Revolution contributions to Philippine literature.

Prior to the EDSA Revolution, the Philippine literary scene was dominated by works that either celebrated the Marcos regime or avoided political themes altogether. However, with the advent of democracy, writers were emboldened to tackle political issues and explore themes that were previously taboo.

One of the most significant post-EDSA Revolution contributions to Philippine literature was the rise of the so-called "protest literature." Writers began to use their craft as a means of expressing dissent against the Marcos regime and its legacy. This literature was marked by its political engagement and its focus on social issues such as poverty, corruption, and human rights abuses.

Reference:

https://prezi.com/edzxhhfnrdnl/philippine-literature-during-post-edsa-revolution/