Signs seen in Aortic regurgitation mnemonic
Hello! In this post, I talk about the signs seen in Aortic regurgitation and share a few mnemonics with you. I also inserted some gifs to make it fun.
I recommend using mnemonics for the signs you canāt remember after learning them thoroughly than trying to memorize the mnemonics first :)
de Mussetās sign: Rhythmic nodding or bobbing of the head in synchrony with the beating of the heart.
Mnemonic: Imagine a musketeer, raising his hat and then bowing his head stylishly.
Muller sign: Systolic pulsations of uvula.
Mnemonic: M for Muller, M for mouth. Mullerās sign is seen in the mouth.
You could also think of MU in MUller - Muller, Uvula.
Quinckeās sign: Regurgitant blood flow into a dilated left ventricle during diastole leads to a decrease in diastolic pressure and a consequent increase in stroke volume, resulting in blanching and flushing, respectively, of the nail bed.
PS: They are pulsations which are SEEN, they are NOT FELT.
Quinckeās pulse is the capillary pulsations and any thing that demonstrates these pulsations may be known as Quinckeās sign. (I donāt know for sure though.)
Other ways to see Quinckeās pulse:
- While drawing the thumb nail sharply across the forehead, one can cause a red mark, which can be seen paling and flushing with each beat of the heart.
- When pressing a glass slide on the inner part of the lower lip, the same capillary pulsation will be seen.
So these two can also be called Quinckeās signs! :)
Mnemonic: I honestly donāt have a mnemonic for this one. Uhh.. How about.. āQuickly keep Quiet with Quinckeās finger on your lips?ā The Qās to remind you of Quincke. Finger for nail bed. Lips for the glass slide thingy.
Watsonās water hammer pulse: A pulse that is bounding and forceful, rapidly increasing and subsequently collapsing, it resembles the strike of waterhammer, a Victorian toy.
Mnemonic: This image. Look at the bounding of poor Donaldās head :P
Traubeās sign: A āpistol shotā systolic sound heard over the femoral artery.
Mnemonic: You keep pistol (gun) in your trousers in the belt (which is near the femoral area). So pistol shot is traubes (trousers) sign which is the sound over the femoral vein.
Light house sign: Alternate flushing and blanching of forehead.
Mnemonic: Imagine a light house flashing lights on and off. Your forehead becomes a light house, going pale and flushed, as if lights are going on and off in your head.
Gerhardtās sign: Also known as āSailerās signā, in severe aortic valve regurgitation, Gerhardtās Ā sign is present when pulsations of the spleen are detected in the presence of splenomegaly. This is from the large forward stroke volume that is present in this state.
Mnemonic: GPS - Gerhardt Pulsatile Spleen (Sailer too)
Hereās a sailor navigating with no GPS :P
Landolfiās sign: It is alternating dilation and constriction of the pupils in time with the patientās heartbeat. The sign is a result of the increase in pulse pressure that occurs with aortic insufficiency.
Mnemonic: You dream of the lands you wish to visit with your wide eyes :P
Beckerās sign: Presence of visible (through an opthalmoscope) pulsation of retinal arteries.
Mnemonic: BeckeR. Becker sign - Retinal artery pulsations.
Duroziezās sign: Audible diastolic murmur which can be heard over the femoral artery when it is compressed with the bell of a stethoscope.
Mnemonic: D for Diastolic murmur, D for Duroziez, D for Deaf (Itās audible xD).
Got no mnemonic for these but posting them for the sake of completion :)
Mayneās sign: Drop of at least 15 mmHg in the diastolic blood pressure on raising the arm.
Okay.. Enough of stupid images :P
Rosenbach sign: The pulsation of the liver during systole caused by the high stroke volume.
Hillās sign: Popliteal cuff systolic pressure exceeding brachial cuff systolic pressure by more than 10 - 20 mm Hg.
Lincoln sign: Pulsatile popliteal.
Sherman sign: Dorsalis pedis pulse is quickly located and unexpectedly prominent in age >75 yr.
Ashrafian sign: Pulsatile pseudo-proptosis.
Corriganās pulse: A jerky carotid pulse characterized by full expansion followed by quick collapse. Also known as Dancing carotid. *tempted to put a dancing gif*
Pulsus biferiens: Click here.
Locomotor brachii: Prominent pulsation of brachial artery seen in aortic regurgitation.
Did you know? Dilatation of the heart with hypertrophy is called āox-heartā in AR.
Thatās all!
Iām in America, having a wonderful time with other international medical students. Things arenāt going quite as expected so far but I am learning a lot. I need you guys to pray for me :)I hope I get a strong letter of recommendation from my professors and get acquainted with people who will make getting Internal Medicine residency in a University Hospital easier for me.
Pray for me, guys.
-IkaN
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