According to Coatsworth, "Anaplasmosis is becoming increasingly prevalent, especially in Nova Scotia and Ontario, second only to Lyme disease." In 2023, Ontario reported 40 cases of anaplasmosis and 15 cases of babesiosis, a parasitic disease with malaria-like symptoms. Although babesiosis is spreading more slowly, its presence is growing.
Powassan virus, which can cause encephalitis, is less common, with only 21 cases reported in Canada by 2017, but it has a high mortality rate of about 10% among those with brain or spinal cord infections.
Case numbers are much lower in western Canada due to different tick species. However, a few cases of relapsing fever, caused by bacteria transmitted by a western tick species, have been identified in British Columbia. As these infections become more common, it is crucial for clinicians to be adept at diagnosing, treating, and reporting them, Coatsworth emphasized.